document_title: What Ever Happened to Baby Jane? (1962 film)

question_text: where was whatever happened to baby jane filmed

text: Plot[edit]

text: In 1917, "Baby Jane" Hudson is an adored yet ill-tempered vaudevillian child star while her older sister Blanche lives in her shadow. By 1935, their fortunes have reversed: Blanche is a successful film actress and Jane lives in obscurity, her films having failed. One night, Jane mocks Blanche at a party, prompting Blanche to run away in tears. That same night, Blanche is paralyzed from the waist down in a mysterious car accident that is unofficially blamed on Jane, who is found three days later in a drunken stupor.

text: In 1962 a wheelchair-bound Blanche (Joan Crawford) and Jane (Bette Davis) are living together in Blanche's mansion, purchased with Blanche's movie earnings. By now, Jane has descended into alcoholism and mental illness and treats Blanche with cruelty to punish her for stealing her spotlight. Later, when Blanche informs Jane she may be selling the house, Jane's mental health begins to deteriorate further. During an argument, she removes the telephone from Blanche's bedroom, cutting Blanche off from the outside world. Later, Jane begins denying Blanche food, until she serves Blanche her dead parakeet on a platter—and, at a later meal, a rat that she killed in the cellar.

text: Jane becomes obsessed with recapturing her childhood stardom and puts an advertisement in the paper for a pianist to accompany her singing, When Jane leaves the house, Blanche tries to get the attention of her neighbor, Mrs. Bates (Anna Lee), by writing a note pleading for help and throwing it out her bedroom window. Jane returns in time to notice the note and prevents Mrs. Bates from seeing it. When Jane reads the note, the two sisters quarrel again.

text: When Blanche's caretaker Elvira Stitt (Maidie Norman) comes to clean the house, Jane pays her and gives her the day off, but when Elvira returns later on, Jane abruptly fires her and sends her away. After Jane goes to the bank to get some cash, Elvira comes back and finds that Jane has locked Blanche in her room. When Jane returns, a neighbor tells her she saw Elvira go into the house. Jane confronts Elvira. Meanwhile, eccentric and cash-strapped Edwin Flagg (Victor Buono) sees Jane's newspaper advertisement and arrives at the mansion, where Jane hires him as her accompanist. Desperate for cash, Edwin insincerely flatters Jane and encourages her to revive her act. While Jane drives Edwin home, Blanche searches the house for food and discovers Jane has been forging her signature on checks. Desperate for help, Blanche crawls down the stairs and calls their doctor, telling him of Jane's erratic behavior and begging him to come to the house. Jane returns in time to find Blanche on the phone and beats her unconscious before imitating her voice over the phone and telling the doctor not to come. She then binds and gags Blanche and locks her back in her upstairs bedroom. Elvira, still suspicious of Jane, returns the next day and discovers Blanche in a weakened and starved state. Before she can rescue her, however, Jane beats Elvira to death with a hammer and disposes of her body.

text: Days later, the police call upon the Hudson house and tell Jane that her maid's cousin has reported her missing. The panicked Jane prepares to leave, taking Blanche with her. Before they can leave, Edwin shows up uninvited and drunk, and discovers Blanche in her bed, bound and emaciated. Edwin flees to a drugstore where he notifies the authorities.

text: Jane drives Blanche to the beach and reverts to her childhood self. Near death, Blanche confesses that her paralysis is her own fault: on the night of the accident, she had tried to run Jane over because she was angry at her sister for mocking her, and ever since she has let Jane believe she was to blame for her spine being severed when the car struck the iron gate of their house. Pathetically, Jane asks, "You mean all this time we could have been friends?" With childlike joy, Jane goes to a beachside snack bar to get ice-cream cones for herself and Blanche, then succumbs completely to her insanity and dances before a crowd of puzzled onlookers, believing she is once again "Baby Jane", performing for her adoring fans. Two police officers, who have come to arrest Jane for Elvira's murder, see Blanche lying motionless in the sand and rush to her.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Bette Davis as Jane Hudson

Julie Allred as nine-year-old Jane
Debbie Burton as young Jane's singing voice

Joan Crawford as Blanche Hudson

Gina Gillespie as thirteen-year-old Blanche

Victor Buono as Edwin Flagg
Marjorie Bennett as Dehlia Flagg
Maidie Norman as Elvira Stitt
Anna Lee as Mrs. Bates
B. D. Merrill as Liza Bates
Dave Willock as Ray Hudson
Anne Barton as Cora Hudson
Wesley Addy as Marty McDonald
Bert Freed as Ben Golden
Robert Cornthwaite as Doctor Shelby

text: Production[edit]

text: Bette Davis came up with her own makeup for her role. She said that Jane was someone who never washed her face, but just added more makeup.

text: The house exterior of the Hudson mansion is located at 172 South McCadden Place in the neighborhood of Hancock Park, Los Angeles. Other residential exteriors show cottages on DeLongpre Avenue near Harvard Avenue in Hollywood without their current gated courtyards. The scene on the beach was shot in Malibu, reportedly the same site where Aldrich filmed the final scene of Kiss Me Deadly (1955).

text: Footage from the Bette Davis films Parachute Jumper and Ex-Lady (both 1933) and the Joan Crawford film Sadie McKee (1934) was used to represent the film acting of Baby Jane and Blanche respectively.

text: The neighbour's daughter was played by Davis' daughter B. D. Merrill who, following in the footsteps of Crawford's daughter Christina, later wrote a memoir that depicted her mother in an unfavorable light.

text: Crawford was scheduled to appear alongside Davis on a publicity tour of Baby Jane but cancelled at the last minute. Davis claimed that Crawford backed out because she didn't want to share the stage with her.[12] In a 1972 telephone conversation, Crawford related to future author Shaun Considine that after seeing a screening of the film she urged Davis to go and have a look. When she didn't hear back from her co-star, Crawford called Davis and asked her what she thought of the film to which Davis replied, "You were so right, Joan. The picture is good. And I was terrific." Crawford replied, "That was it. She never said anything about my performance. Not a word." Considine alleges that this denial from Davis (with regard to Joan's talent as an actress) prompted Crawford to cancel the publicity tour and upstage Davis at the Oscars.[13]

text: Prior to the Oscars ceremony, Crawford contacted the Best Actress nominees who were unable to attend the ceremonies and offered to accept the award on their behalf should they win. Davis claimed that Crawford lobbied against her among Academy voters. When Anne Bancroft was declared the winner for The Miracle Worker, she was in New York performing in a play, and had agreed to have Crawford accept her award if she won. Crawford triumphantly swept on-stage to pick up the trophy. Davis later commented, "It would have meant a million more dollars to our film if I had won. Joan was thrilled I hadn't."[14] As both Davis and Crawford had accepted lower salaries in exchange for a share of the film's profits,[15] Davis considered it especially foolish of Crawford to have worked against their common interests, especially at a time when roles for actresses of their generation were hard to find.

text: During the filming of Hush… Hush, Sweet Charlotte (1964), Crawford acknowledged to visiting reporter/author Lawrence J. Quirk the difficulty she was having with Davis because of the Oscar incident but added, "She acted like Baby Jane was a one-woman show after they nominated her. What was I supposed to do, let her hog all the glory, act like I hadn't even been in the movie? She got the nomination. I didn't begrudge her that, but it would have been nice if she'd been a little gracious in interviews and given me a little credit. I would have done it for her."[16]

text: Legacy[edit]

text: This section may need to be rewritten entirely to comply with Wikipedia's quality standards. You can help. The discussion page may contain suggestions. (July 2017)

text: The film's success spawned a succession of horror/thriller films featuring psychotic older women, later dubbed the psycho-biddy subgenre, among them Aldrich's Hush… Hush, Sweet Charlotte, What Ever Happened to Aunt Alice?, and director Curtis Harrington's Whoever Slew Auntie Roo? and What's the Matter with Helen?. It was parodied by the Italian comedy film What Ever Happened to Baby Toto?[17]

text: Shaun Considine's 1989 book Bette and Joan: The Divine Feud chronicles the actresses' rivalry, including their experience shooting this film.[18]

text: Comedy duo French and Saunders (Jennifer Saunders and Dawn French) did a BBC episode called "Whatever Happened to Baby Dawn" on 22 March 1990.[19]

text: The film was remade in 1991 as a television film starring real-life sisters Vanessa and Lynn Redgrave.[20]

text: In 2006, Christina Aguilera adopted a new alter ego called Baby Jane after Bette Davis' character in the film.[21]

text: In episode 4 of RuPaul's Drag Race: All Stars (season 2), the queens' acting chops are tested in parody movie sequels of RuPaul's favourite movies. A parody of ''What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?'' called ''Wha' Ha' Happened To Baby JJ?'' was made by Alaska and Alyssa Edwards.[22]

text: The backstage battle between Crawford and Davis during the production of the film is the basis for Feud: Bette and Joan, the 2017 first season of the Ryan Murphy television series Feud. It stars Jessica Lange as Crawford and Susan Sarandon as Davis.[23][24] It premiered on March 5, 2017.

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: The film received very positive reviews and elicited mixed responses over the Davis/Crawford combination. In his review in The New York Times, Bosley Crowther observed, "[Davis and Crawford] do get off some amusing and eventually blood-chilling displays of screaming sororal hatred and general monstrousness ... The feeble attempts that Mr. Aldrich has made to suggest the irony of two once idolized and wealthy females living in such depravity, and the pathos of their deep-seated envy having brought them to this, wash out very quickly under the flood of sheer grotesquerie."[25]

text: Variety stated, "Although the results heavily favor Davis (and she earns the credit), it should be recognized that the plot, of necessity, allows her to run unfettered through all the stages of oncoming insanity ... Crawford gives a quiet, remarkably fine interpretation of the crippled Blanche, held in emotionally by the nature and temperament of the role."[26]

text: In a retrospective review, TV Guide awarded the film four stars, calling it "Star wars, trenchantly served" and adding, "If it sometimes looks like a poisonous senior citizen show with over-the-top spoiled ham, just try to look away ... As in the best Hitchcock movies, suspense, rather than actual mayhem, drives the film."[27]

text: On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes the film holds an approval rating of 92% based on 48 reviews.[28]

text: Accolades[edit]

text: The film was nominated for five Academy Awards, winning one for Best Costume Design.[29]

text:
Academy Award for Best Actress (Bette Davis, nominee)
Academy Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role (Victor Buono, nominee)
Academy Award for Best Costume Design, Black and White (Norma Koch, winner)
Academy Award for Best Cinematography, Black and White (Ernest Haller, nominee)
Academy Award for Best Sound (Joseph D. Kelly, nominee)
BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Actress (Crawford, nominee)
BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Actress (Davis, nominee)
Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Drama (Davis, nominee)
Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor - Motion Picture (Buono, nominee)
Laurel Award for Golden Laurel for Sleeper of the Year (Winner)
Golden Palm – 1963 Cannes Film Festival (nominee)[30]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The film was a surprise box office hit, grossing $9 million at the worldwide box office and $4,050,000 in theatrical rentals in North America.[3][31] Its estimated budget was only $980,000.[1]

text: In the United Kingdom, the film was given an X certificate by the BBFC in 1962, with a few minor cuts. These cuts were waived for a video submission, which was given an 18 certificate in 1988, meaning no-one under 18 years of age could purchase a copy of the film.[1] However, in 2004, the film was re-submitted for a theatrical re-release, and it was given a 12A certificate, now meaning persons under 12 years of age could view it if accompanied by an adult. It remains at this category.[32]


document_title: Grease (film)

question_text: who is the leader of the t-birds in grease

root

text: Grease (film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: In the summer of 1958, greaser Danny Zuko and sweet Australian girl Sandy Olsson meet at the beach and fall in love. When the summer comes to an end, Sandy, whose family is returning to Australia, worries that they might never meet again, but Danny tells her that their love is "only the beginning." At the beginning of the new school year at Rydell High School ("Grease"), Danny reunites with his fellow gang members, the T-Birds, of whom his best friend Kenickie, along with Doody, Sonny, and Putzie are members. Meanwhile, unbeknownst to Danny, Sandy arrives at school, with her family's plans having changed, with her new friend Frenchy, a member of the Pink Ladies. Other Pink Ladies Rizzo, Marty, and Jan also arrive, excited to be seniors, as does Patty Simcox, a high-achieving cheerleader.

tag: p

text: At lunch, Frenchy introduces Sandy to the other Pink Ladies while Danny and the T-Birds make fun of practicing football players, including the handsome Tom Chisum. Each group asks Danny and Sandy, respectively, about their summers and they each independently describe their romance without using the other's name, with Sandy's description far more innocent than Danny's ("Summer Nights"). Headed back to class, Sandy reveals that it was Danny Zuko she met, and Rizzo teases that perhaps she'll meet him again.

text: At a pep rally before a football game, Sandy and Patty perform as cheerleaders; there, Sandy and Tom flirt.  Kenickie arrives with a used car he plans on rebuilding so he can race it at Thunder Road, a popular street race spot; as he says this, Leo, a rival greaser, drives by in a menacing manner. Rizzo puts Sandy and Danny together, surprising both of them.  Sandy is thrilled to see Danny, but he is obnoxious and indifferent, upsetting Sandy. Frenchy invites Sandy to a sleepover with the Pink Ladies to cheer her up.

text: Rizzo and the other girls pressure Sandy into smoking a cigarette and having a drink of wine at the sleepover. Frenchy reveals that she plans to drop out of Rydell to go to beauty school and in an effort to prove herself, tries to pierce Sandy's ear, making Sandy sick. Rizzo makes fun of her innocent nature ("Look At Me, I'm Sandra Dee") and leaves when the T-Birds arrive in Kenickie's car. Rizzo tries to make Danny jealous by flirting with Kenickie, but Danny is unmoved and leaves.  Kenickie leaves with Rizzo, stranding Putzie, Sonny, and Doody. Sandy laments over her feelings towards Danny, despite his earlier behavior ("Hopelessly Devoted to You").

text: Kenickie and Rizzo, while in the midst of sex, are interrupted when Leo, along with his girlfriend Cha-Cha, deliberately crashes his own street racer into Kenickie's and insults Rizzo. At the same time, Kenickie's condom breaks.

text: The next day, the T-Birds look over Kenickie's car, and although they are initially skeptical of its potential, Danny and Kenickie explain the modifications they could add to make it a hot-rodding sex machine ("Greased Lightnin'"). At the popular hangout The Frosty Palace, Danny, after brushing off an attempt by Patty to flirt with him, apologizes to Sandy for his behavior at the pep rally, but she rejects him having started dating Tom instead. Danny approaches Coach Calhoun about playing a sport. After picking fights with the jocks in basketball, wrestling and baseball, Calhoun suggests cross-country running; Danny proves to be a successful runner, which impresses Sandy and angers Tom.

text: Danny takes Sandy to the Frosty Palace for a date; they are soon joined by the rest of the greasers, and Danny and Sandy quickly leave in discomfort. Putzie and Jan, in an awkward exchange, agree to pair off for the dance; Kenickie and Rizzo get into an argument and go their separate ways, while Sonny unsuccessfully tries to court Marty. After everyone else has left, Frenchy, whose hair has turned bright pink, tells a waitress she has dropped out of beauty school and is visited by a guardian angel who advises her to return to Rydell ("Beauty School Dropout").

text: At the school dance, Leo and Cha-Cha show up as Rizzo's and Kenickie's respective dates. Vince Fontaine, who is hosting a live telecast of the dance, flirts with Marty. All of the students take part in a dance contest that descends into chaos ("Born to Hand Jive"). Danny and Sandy do well, but Sonny pulls Sandy off the dance floor, allowing Cha Cha to step in and win with Danny. During the last dance ("Blue Moon"), Sonny, Putzie, and Doody moon the national TV audience.

text: Danny apologizes to Sandy and tries to make it up to her by taking her to a drive-in movie theater. She's unmoved by his pleas for forgiveness until he asks her to wear his ring, which she gleefully accepts. Danny then tries to make out with her, causing Sandy to angrily throw his ring at him and run off in disgust, leaving Danny distraught ("Sandy"). Meanwhile, Rizzo admits she may be pregnant to Marty and asks her to keep it a secret, but the story gets back to Kenickie, and he tells Rizzo he doesn't run away from his mistakes. Rizzo tells Kenickie the baby isn't his, which both relieves and upsets him.

text: The next day, the T-Birds have finished Kenickie's car and he is eager to race it against Leo's at Thunder Road. Sandy tells Rizzo she plans to watch the race and offers to help Rizzo despite the rumors about Rizzo's character that have been spread around school. She thanks Sandy and muses to herself about how her sins are not as bad as they could be ("There Are Worse Things I Could Do").

text: The T-Birds, Pink Ladies, and Scorpions gather for the race, with the winner receiving the loser's car as a prize. Just before the race begins, Kenickie hits his head, and Danny takes the wheel. Despite Leo using bladed hub caps (in a sequence paying homage to Ben-Hur), Danny wins the race. Sandy watches from afar and concludes that she must change her approach to life if she wants to win over Danny, asking Frenchy for help ("Look At Me, I'm Sandra Dee (Reprise)").

text: The gang celebrates graduation at a school carnival where Rizzo tells Kenickie she isn't pregnant and they reunite. Danny arrives wearing a letterman's sweater, to the other T-Birds' dismay. Sandy shocks everyone when she arrives with a new, wilder hairstyle and wearing a revealing black outfit and leather jacket. In song, Danny and Sandy reaffirm their commitment to each other ("You're the One That I Want"). As the film ends, the greasers promise to stay together after school ends ("We Go Together") and Danny and Sandy depart in a red hot rod, which takes flight as they wave goodbye to their friends.

text: Cast[edit]

text: Principal cast[edit]

text:
John Travolta as Danny Zuko, who lives a double life as leader of the greaser gang the T-Birds and as Sandy's boyfriend
Olivia Newton-John as Sandy Olsson, Danny's girlfriend and an Australian expatriate and ingénue, who transforms from square to greaser
Stockard Channing as Betty Rizzo, Kenickie's girlfriend and the cynical leader of the Pink Ladies clique
Jeff Conaway as Kenickie, Danny's best friend, Rizzo's love interest and the owner of Greased Lightnin'
Barry Pearl as Doody, a member of the T-Birds; he pairs with Frenchy at the school dance
Michael Tucci as Sonny LaTierri, a trouble-making wannabe womanizer and T-Bird who courts Marty with little success over the course of the film
Kelly Ward as Putzie, a member of the T-Birds whose relationship with Jan builds over the course of the film
Didi Conn as Frenchy, Sandy's closest friend in the Pink Ladies and an aspiring beautician
Jamie Donnelly as Jan, a quirky member of the Pink Ladies with a liking for Ipana toothpaste
Dinah Manoff as Marty Maraschino, a member of the Pink Ladies whose attractiveness regularly draws the attention of men, including Sonny and Vince Fontaine

tag: ul

text: School staff/others[edit]

text:
Eve Arden as Principal McGee, who shows discomfort at the goings-on at Rydell High.
Dody Goodman as Secretary Blanche Hodel, who enjoys even the wilder antics at the school.
Sid Caesar as Coach Vince Calhoun, the tough-talking gym teacher and coach of all the school's perennially losing sports teams
Eddie Deezen as Eugene Felsnick, the class nerd
Susan Buckner as Patty Simcox, the head cheerleader and a rival for Danny's affections
Lorenzo Lamas as Tom Chisum, a popular jock who competes for Sandy's affections
Dennis C. Stewart as Leo "Craterface" Balmudo, leader of the Scorpions, a rival greaser gang
Annette Charles as Charlene "Cha-Cha" DiGregorio, Leo's girlfriend
Joan Blondell as Vi, a waitress at the Frosty Palace
Ellen Travolta as Waitress
Frankie Avalon as Teen Angel
Edd Byrnes as Vince Fontaine, on-air personality at KZAZ radio and television
Sha-Na-Na as Johnny Casino and the Gamblers, a rock and roll band
Alice Ghostley as Mrs. Murdock, a rogue auto shop teacher who helps build Greased Lightnin' for the T-Birds
Darrell Zwerling as Mr. Lynch
Dick Patterson as Mr. Rudie
Fannie Flagg as Nurse Wilkins

text: Production[edit]

text: Casting[edit]

text: John Travolta had previously worked with producer Robert Stigwood on Saturday Night Fever, had a nascent singing career at the time (including the top-10 hit "Let Her In" in 1976), and had previously appeared as Doody in a touring production of the stage version of Grease. He made a number of casting recommendations that Stigwood ultimately accepted, including suggesting Randal Kleiser (who had never directed a theatrical feature before this but had directed Travolta in the 1976 telefilm The Boy in the Plastic Bubble) as director, and Olivia Newton-John, then known almost exclusively as a country music singer, as Sandy.[4] Newton-John had done little acting before this film, with only one film credit (the unreleased 1970 film Toomorrow, which predated her singing breakthrough) to her name up to that time. Before accepting the role, Newton-John requested a screen test for Grease to avoid another career setback.[5] The screen test was done with the drive-in movie scene. Newton-John, who is native to England and lived most of her life in Australia, was unable to perform with a convincing American accent, and thus her character was rewritten to be Australian. Before Newton-John was hired, Allan Carr was considering numerous names such as Ann-Margret, Susan Dey and Marie Osmond for the lead role; Newton-John agreed to a reduced asking price in exchange for star billing.[5] In a case of life imitating art, Newton-John's own musical career would undergo a transformation similar to that of the Sandy Olsson character; her next album after Grease, the provocatively titled Totally Hot, featured a much more sexual and pop-oriented approach, with Newton-John appearing on the album cover in similar all-leather attire and teased hair.[6]

text: Jeff Conaway, like Travolta, had previously appeared in the stage version of Grease; he had played Danny Zuko during the show's run on Broadway.[7] Jamie Donnelly reprised her role as Jan from the Broadway show, the only cast member to do so; as her hair had begun to gray by this point, she had to dye her hair to resemble her stage character.[8] Kelly Ward had previously appeared as a similar sarcastic supporting character in The Boy in the Plastic Bubble with Travolta under Kleiser; he was cast as Putzie, a mostly new character.

text: Lorenzo Lamas was a last-minute replacement for Steven Ford, who developed stage fright shortly before filming and backed out. His role contained no spoken dialogue and required Lamas to dye his hair blond to avoid looking like most of the other T-Birds (although Conaway and Ward were also blonds).[8]

text: Henry Winkler was once considered for a lead in the film. Winkler, who was playing Arthur Fonzarelli on Happy Days, was originally chosen to play Danny. His lack of singing experience and fear of being typecast after Happy Days and the film The Lords of Flatbush led him to decline the role.[citation needed] Adult film star Harry Reems was originally signed to play Coach Calhoun; however, executives at Paramount nixed the idea due to Reems' previous work in adult films, and producers cast Sid Caesar instead.[9] Caesar was one of several veterans of 1950s television (Eve Arden, Frankie Avalon, Joan Blondell, Edd Byrnes, Alice Ghostley, Dody Goodman) to be cast in supporting roles. Coincidentally, Frankie Avalon and Randal Kleiser had both appeared in 1966's Fireball 500, the latter as an extra.

text: Filming locations[edit]

text: The opening beach scene was shot at Malibu's Leo Carrillo State Beach, making explicit reference to From Here to Eternity. The exterior Rydell scenes, including the basketball, baseball and track segments, were shot at Venice High School in Venice, California, while the Rydell interiors, including the high school dance, were filmed at Huntington Park High School. The sleepover was shot at a private house in East Hollywood. The Paramount Pictures studio lot was the location of the scenes that involve Frosty Palace and the musical numbers "Greased Lightning" and "Beauty School Dropout". The drive-in movie scenes were shot at the Burbank Pickwick Drive-In (it was closed and torn down in 1989 and a shopping center took its place). The race was filmed at the Los Angeles River, between the First and Seventh Street Bridges, where many other films have been shot.[10] The final scene where the carnival took place used John Marshall High School.[11] Furthermore, owing to budget cuts, a short scene was filmed at Hazard Park in Los Angeles.

text: Post-production[edit]

text: Scenes inside the Frosty Palace contain obvious blurring of various Coca-Cola signs.[12] Prior to the film's release, producer Allan Carr had made a product-placement deal with Coca-Cola's main competitor Pepsi (for example, a Pepsi logo can be seen in the animated opening sequence). When Carr saw the footage of the scene with Coca-Cola products and signage, he ordered director Randal Kleiser to either reshoot the scene with Pepsi products or remove the Coca-Cola logos from the scene. As reshoots were deemed too expensive and time-consuming, optical mattes were used to cover up or blur out the Coca-Cola references. The 'blurring' covered up trademarked menu signage and a large wall poster, but a red cooler with the logo could not be sufficiently altered so was left unchanged. According to Kleiser, "We just had to hope that Pepsi wouldn't complain. They didn't."[13][14]

text: Due to an editing error, a closing scene in which Danny and Sandy kiss was removed from the finished print and lost before its theatrical release. The scene was preserved only in black-and-white; Kleiser attempted to have the existing footage colorized and restored to the film for the film's re-release in 1998 but was dissatisfied with the results. The scene is included as an extra on the 40th anniversary home video release, and Kleiser hopes to make another attempt at colorizing the footage that is effective enough for the footage to be inserted into the film as he originally intended by the time the film's 50th anniversary comes in 2028.[15]

text: Release and reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: Grease was originally released to North American theaters on June 16, 1978 and was an immediate box office success. In its opening weekend, the film grossed $8,941,717 in 862 theaters in the United States and Canada, ranking at No. 2 (behind Jaws 2) at the box office for the weekend[16] and with the all-time opening weekend records.[17] Despite losing the weekend, it set a record gross in its first 19 days with $40,272,000.[18]

text: Grease has grossed $188,755,690 domestically and $206,200,000 internationally, totaling $394,955,690	 worldwide. Globally, it was the highest-grossing musical ever, eclipsing the 13-year-old record held by The Sound of Music, but has since been overtaken by Les Misérables, Mamma Mia! and the 2017 release of Beauty and the Beast. Grease is now the fourth highest-grossing live action musical.[19]

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: Grease received mostly positive reviews from movie critics[20] and is considered by many as one of the best films of 1978.[21][22][23][24]

text: Vincent Canby on its initial release in June 1978 called the film "terrific fun", describing it as a "contemporary fantasy about a 1950s teen-age musical—a larger, funnier, wittier and more imaginative-than-Hollywood movie with a life that is all its own"; Canby pointed out that the film was "somewhat in the manner of Close Encounters of the Third Kind, which recalls the science-fiction films of the '50s in a manner more elegant and more benign than anything that was ever made then, Grease is a multimillion-dollar evocation of the B-picture quickies that Sam Katzman used to turn out in the '50s (Don't Knock the Rock, 1956) and that American International carried to the sea in the 1960s (Beach Party, 1963)."[25]

text: Grease was voted the best musical ever on Channel 4's 100 greatest musicals in 2004.[26] The film holds a 75% approval rating on the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, based on 64 reviews with an average rating of 6.7/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Grease is a pleasing, energetic musical with infectiously catchy songs and an ode to young love that never gets old."[27] It holds a score of 70/100 on the review aggregator Metacritic based on 15 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[20]

text: Grease premiered for the first time on American television in 1981 on ABC-TV. It was re-released to theaters in 1998 to mark the 20th anniversary. The film was also ranked number 21 on Entertainment Weekly's list of the 50 Best High School Movies.[28][29]

text: Home video[edit]

text: Grease was first released in the US on VHS by Paramount Home Video in 1982, with reissues in 1989 and 1994; the last VHS release was on June 23, 1998 and titled the 20th Anniversary Edition following a theatrical re-release that March. On September 24, 2002, it was released on DVD for the first time. On September 19, 2006, it was re-released on DVD as the Rockin' Rydell Edition, which came with a black Rydell High T-Bird jacket cover, a white Rydell "R" letterman's sweater cover or the Target-exclusive Pink Ladies cover. It was released on Blu-ray Disc on May 5, 2009. In connection with the film's 40th anniversary, Paramount released Grease on 4K, UHD, Blu-Ray and dvd on April 24, 2018.[30]

text: Awards[edit]

text:
Year

Nominee/work

Award

Result

1978

Grease

Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy

Nominated

John Travolta

Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy

Nominated

Olivia Newton-John

Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy

Nominated

"Grease"

Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song

Nominated

"You're the One That I Want"

Nominated

1979

CIC

Golden Screen Award

Won

Stockard Channing

People's Choice Award for Favorite Motion Picture Supporting Actress

Won

Grease

People's Choice Award for Favorite Musical Motion Picture

Won

Grease

People's Choice Award for Favorite Overall Motion Picture

Won

"Hopelessly Devoted to You"

Academy Award for Best Original Song

Nominated

2006

Grease

Satellite Award for Best Classic DVD

Nominated

2008

"You're the One That I Want"

TV Land Award for Movie Dance Sequence You Reenacted in Your Living Room

Nominated

tag: table

text: American Film Institute Recognition[edit]

text:
AFI's 100 Years...100 Passions: No. 97
AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs: No. 70 for "Summer Nights"
AFI's Greatest Movie Musicals: No. 20

text: Sequels and spin-offs[edit]

text: The sequel, Grease 2 (1982), stars Maxwell Caulfield and Michelle Pfeiffer. While only a few cast members from the original movie such as Dody Goodman, Sid Caesar, Eddie Deezen, Didi Conn, Dennis Stewart and Eve Arden reprise their respective roles. Dick Patterson returned, playing a different character. It was not as successful, grossing just $15 million on its $13 million budget. Patricia Birch, the original movie's choreographer, directed the ill-fated sequel. It would be the only movie that she would direct.

text: On July 8, 2010, a sing-along version of Grease was released to select theaters around the U.S.[31] A trailer was released in May 2010, with cigarettes digitally removed from certain scenes, implying heavy editing; however, Paramount confirmed these changes were done only for the film's advertising,[32] and the rating for the film itself changed from its original PG to that of PG-13 for "sexual content including references, teen smoking and drinking, and language."[33] The movie was shown for two weekends only; additional cities lobbied by fans from the Paramount official website started a week later and screened for one weekend.[34]

text: On March 12, 2013, Grease and Grease 2 were packaged together in a Double Feature DVD set from Warner Home Video.

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text: The soundtrack album ended 1978 as the second-best selling album of the year in the United States, exceeded only by another soundtrack album, from the film Saturday Night Fever, which also starred Travolta.[3]  The song "Hopelessly Devoted to You" was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Music—Original Song. The song "You're the One That I Want" was released as a single prior to the film's release and became an immediate chart-topper, despite not being in the stage show or having been seen in the film at that time.[35] Additionally, the dance number to "You're the One That I Want" was nominated for TV Land's award for "Movie Dance Sequence You Reenacted in Your Living Room" in 2008.[36] In the United Kingdom, the two Travolta/Newton-John duets, "You're the One That I Want" and "Summer Nights", were both number one hits and as of 2011 are still among the 20 best-selling singles of all time (at Nos. 6 and 19 respectively).[37] The movie's title song was also a number-one hit single for Frankie Valli.[38]

text: The song "Look at Me, I'm Sandra Dee" references Sal Mineo in the original stage version. Mineo was stabbed to death a year before filming, so the line was changed to refer to Elvis Presley instead. The references to Troy Donohue, Doris Day, Rock Hudson and Annette Funicello are from the original stage version. Coincidentally, this scene as well as the scene before and the scene after it were filmed on August 16, 1977, the date of Elvis Presley's death.[39]

text: Some of the songs were not present in the film; songs that appear in the film but not in the soundtrack are "La Bamba" by Ritchie Valens, "Whole Lotta Shaking Going On" by Jerry Lee Lewis, "Alma Mater", "Alma Mater Parody", and "Rydell Fight Song". "Alone at a Drive-in Movie (instrumental)", "Mooning", and "Freddy My Love" are not present in the film, although all three are listed in the end credits in-addition to being on the soundtrack. (Both "Mooning" and "Rock'n'Roll Party Queen," the latter of which was played in the film as background music, were written in the musical for a character named Roger that was written out of the film, replaced by the non-singing Putzie. In general, all of the songs in the musical that were performed by characters other than Danny, Rizzo, Sandy or Johnny Casino were either taken out of the film or given to other characters, including Marty Maraschino's number "Freddy My Love," Kenickie's "Greased Lightnin'," and Doody's "Those Magic Changes.") Two songs from the musical, "Shakin' at the High School Hop" "and "All Choked Up," were left off both the film and the soundtrack.

text: The songs appear in the film in the following order:

text:
"Love is a Many-Splendored Thing"
"Grease"
"Alma Mater"
"Summer Nights" – Danny, Sandy, Pink Ladies and T-Birds
"Rydell Fight Song" – Rydell Marching Band
"Look at Me, I'm Sandra Dee" – Rizzo and Pink Ladies
"Hopelessly Devoted to You" – Sandy
"Greased Lightnin'" – Danny and T-Birds
"La Bamba"
"It's Raining on Prom Night"
"Whole Lotta Shakin' Goin' On"
"Beauty School Dropout" – Teen Angel and Female Angels
"Rock n' Roll Party Queen"
"Rock n' Roll is Here to Stay" – Johnny Casino and the Gamblers
"Those Magic Changes" – Johnny Casino and the Gamblers; Danny sings along onscreen
"Tears on My Pillow" – Johnny Casino and the Gamblers
"Hound Dog" – Johnny Casino and the Gamblers
"Born to Hand Jive" – Johnny Casino and the Gamblers
"Blue Moon" – Johnny Casino and the Gamblers
"Sandy" – Danny
"There Are Worse Things I Could Do" – Rizzo
"Look at Me, I'm Sandra Dee (Reprise)" – Sandy
"Alma Mater Parody" (instrumental)
"You're the One That I Want" – Danny, Sandy, Pink Ladies, and T-Birds
"We Go Together" – Cast
"Grease (Reprise)"

tag: ol

text: Television[edit]

text: On August 17, 2009, a television series inspired by the film premiered in Venezuela. The series was produced and directed by Vladimir Perez. The show explores and expands on the characters and story from the film.[40][41]


document_title: Star-Lord

question_text: who was quill's father in guardians of the galaxy

question_tokens: who was quill 's father in guardians of the galaxy

text: Star-Lord

text: Publication history[edit]

text: The character first appeared in the black-and-white magazine publication Marvel Preview #4 (Jan 1976). Creator Steve Englehart had plans for the character that went unrealized. He later reflected on his website:

text: I conceived something very large. My hero would go from being an unpleasant, introverted jerk to the most cosmic being in the universe, and I would tie it into my then-new interest in astrology. After his earthbound beginning, his mind would be opened step by step, with a fast-action story on Mercury, a love story on Venus, a war story on Mars, and so on out to the edge of the solar system, and then beyond.

text: But – after his earthbound beginning, where I established him as an unpleasant, introverted jerk, I left Marvel, so no one ever saw what he was to become.[2]

text: Star-Lord continued to appear in Marvel Preview, with writer Chris Claremont revamping the character and using science fiction adventure stories like the Heinlein juveniles for inspiration.[3] Heinlein's lawyers threatened legal action over the cover to Marvel Preview #11, which featured a blurb that described the content as "a novel-length science fiction spectacular in the tradition of Robert A. Heinlein", leading to the issue being pulled and reprinted.[4] The story in #11 was the first teaming of the celebrated X-Men creative trio of writer Chris Claremont, penciller John Byrne, and inker Terry Austin. Star-Lord made sporadic appearances over the next few years in the titles Marvel Super Special,[5] Marvel Spotlight,[6][7] and Marvel Premiere.[8][9] The Marvel Spotlight installments, which were Star-Lord's first appearance in a traditional comic book format, served to consolidate the separate but complimentary origin stories from his two appearances in Marvel Preview.[10] In February 1982, a color reprint of the black-and-white Starlord story from Marvel Preview #11 was published with a new framing sequence by Claremont and artist Michael Golden.[11][12]

text: The character returned in Thanos #8–12 (May–Sept. 2004) and Annihilation #1-6 (2006). The following year, he received a four issue eponymous title (Annihilation: Conquest – Star-Lord) leading into the "Annihilation: Conquest" crossover storyline, in which he played a central role. Spinning out of "Annihilation: Conquest", a second volume of Guardians of the Galaxy featured a team of characters from the crossover who were led by Star-Lord for the duration of the title's 25-issue run. Plot lines from that series were concluded in The Thanos Imperative mini-series.

text: After Star-Lord's introduction to Earth-616 in 2004, the appearances of "classic" Star-Lord have been officially designated as occurring in Earth-791 due to continuity issues.[13]

text: Star-Lord returned, along with other members of the Guardians, in Avengers Assemble #4-8 (June–Oct. 2012). He stars in Guardians of the Galaxy vol. 3, a part of the Marvel NOW! relaunch.[14]

text: In July 2014, Star-Lord received his own ongoing series, Legendary Star-Lord. The character was also given a new costume, matching that seen in the Marvel Studios film Guardians of the Galaxy [15]

text: His solo series and Guardians of the Galaxy vol. 3 ended as Marvel began its 2015 "Secret Wars" storyline.[16] Star-Lord appeared as a main character in the core Secret Wars miniseries, and in a tie-in miniseries during the event, Star-Lord and Kitty Pryde.[17]

text: During publication of "Secret Wars", Marvel premiered a new ongoing Star-Lord series, written by Sam Humphries, as part of the All-New, All-Different Marvel initiative, which focused on the character's revamped origins. This series also saw him leave the Guardians of the Galaxy, and replaced by his fiancée Kitty Pryde, who took over the identity of Star-Lord on the team's roster.[18] The series last for eight issues.[19] A subsequent Star-Lord ongoing series written by Chip Zdarsky began in December 2016.[20]

text: Fictional character biography[edit]

text: When J'son's ship crash lands on Earth, he is taken in by Meredith Quill. The two form a relationship while J'son makes repairs to his ship. Eventually, J'son is forced to leave to return home and fight in a war. He leaves, not knowing Meredith is pregnant with Peter Quill. Ten years later, Meredith is killed when she is attacked by two Badoon soldiers who have come to kill Peter and end J'son's blood line. Peter kills them with a shotgun, finds his father's gun by accident, and escapes his home before it is destroyed by the Badoon ship. The Badoon presume Peter has been killed and leave. Peter is placed in an orphanage and eventually joins NASA.[21]

text: Later, when his ship malfunctions and he is stranded in space, Peter is found by the Ravagers, a group of space pirates led by Yondu. After the Ravagers saved Peter, he tried to steal their ship. Peter managed to outsmart every member of the Ravagers and even knocked out Yondu before capturing him. After he woke up, Yondu managed to set himself free from his restraints and attacked Peter and gave him a choice between letting himself be released to space without more trouble or get killed right there. Peter instead asked him if he could join his crew. Yondu was not sold on the idea but after he found out Peter was like him as they were both "kids without homes", Yondu changed his mind and let him stay in the ship with the Ravagers as their cleaning boy. Peter decided to stay and try to learn everything he could from space while he was part of the Ravagers.[22]

text: The character encountered the former Herald of Galactus, the Fallen One, and is almost killed defeating the entity, and in addition Star-Lord's vessel "Ship" is destroyed in the conflict. The pair are subsequently imprisoned in the intergalactic prison the Kyln.[23][24][25][26][27] Star-Lord is freed by the hero Nova during the Annihilation War and aids in the war against villain Annihilus.[28][29][30][31][32][33] Quill later acts as military adviser to the Kree General Ronan the Accuser.

text: When the Kree homeworld of Hala is conquered by the Phalanx, Star-Lord leads a band of rebels against the invaders until the war is over.[34][35][36][37] In an effort to prevent another interstellar war, Star-Lord forms a new version of the Guardians of the Galaxy. They are "proactive" and try to end emerging galactic threats early,[38] but are unsuccessful at preventing a war between the Kree and Shi'ar. During a war with an invading universe, Star-Lord and Nova are prepared to sacrifice themselves to defeat Thanos[39] but only Nova dies and Thanos escapes.[40][41][42]

text: New Guardians and Kitty Pryde[edit]

text: Peter decides to remain inactive for a time until he found out his father was planning to pass a law that forbade any interaction of extraterrestrial or space origin with Earth. Knowing this would be an open invitation for invasion, Peter decides to reform the Guardians with six members: Gamora, Rocket, Groot, Drax, and Bug, along with himself, and start protecting Earth from any attack. Soon they aid the Avengers against the returned Thanos.[43][44][45][46][47][48] After this, Star-Lord and his new team of Guardians engage in conflicts with the Badoon. He is soon captured by the army of Spartax but he escapes imprisonment and broadcasts a video showing the unfairness of his father's reign.[49][50][51][52] During the war of the builders, he infiltrated the S.W.O.R.D. facilities and rescued Abigail Brand along with Rocket and new member Angela.[53] He also declared war against the Shi'ar empire after intervening in one of their trials to rescue the kidnapped young Jean Grey along with the X-Men. It was during this mission when he met Kitty Pryde, the woman with whom he would initiate a romantic relationship before long.[54][55][56] After that, all the Guardians were cornered and captured by the Spartax army. Peter was sent to Spartax where he confronted his father again and escaped after exposing once again his father's tyrannical reign. This time a riot formed in the Empire and J'son was deposed as a consequence. Peter decided to keep a low profile and dedicated completely to his long distance relationship with Kitty, the two eventually falling in love with each other. Soon he discovered he was elected by the Spartax people to be their new Emperor.[57] Peter ignored the announcement and kept focusing on Kitty and his search for a gangster named Mr. Knife who had put a bounty on his head. After being captured by Knife, he found out his real identity was J'son, his father. He escaped thanks to Kitty and both disappeared from the radar to spend some time together. Peter convinced Kitty to stay in space with him and both consummated their relationship before deciding to steal an important artifact from J'son as payback.[58]

text: The Black Vortex[edit]

text: Peter and Kitty were successful in stealing the artifact called The Black Vortex, but found themselves outnumbered by J'son's killing squad so they decided to call the X-Men and the remaining Guardians for help. Knowing the artifact could give them the needed power to defeat J'son, Peter wanted everyone to submit to the Vortex to gain cosmic powers. Kitty stood against the idea but some of their friends submitted anyway. After failing to stop them, the submitted cosmic warriors attacked Hala and Peter went with a team to help the Kree in the battle. After some failed negotiations for the Vortex his team had to escape, but J'son found them and destroyed Hala in retaliation. Peter escaped on time. After finding Spartax had been completely covered in amber by Thane, including Kitty, Peter lamented not having heard her since the beginning and apologize to her. Kitty escaped thanks to her phasing powers and both had a reunion. Seeing no other way to defeat J'son and his cosmic empowered team, Peter tried to submit to the Vortex but after seeing the power would eventually make him push Kitty away, he refused. Kitty ended up submitting and saving Spartax. After the war ended, Peter had a romantic talk with Kitty where he proposes to Kitty Pryde, a proposal which she accepts.[59]

text: Secret Wars[edit]

text: When the universe is facing its imminent end, Star-Lord and the rest of the Guardians of the Galaxy come to the world's final battle against the Children of Tomorrow. During the battle, Groot and Rocket Raccoon are killed, and Star-Lord is teleported away by Reed Richards to his ship. In the end, he is one of the few survivors of the apocalypse aboard the Fantastic Four's "life raft".[60] After the end of the universe, Doctor Doom somehow creates a new, patchwork world formed from the remains of dead universes. The life raft that Star-Lord was on remained in cryostasis for the next eight years, until they are awakened by Doctor Strange, a new Thor, and Miles Morales.[61] Doom becomes aware of their location, and ambushes them. Knowing they are the only hope of reviving the old universe, Strange casts a spell to spread the survivors across the world using the wind, with Doom vowing to find them.[62]

text: Star-Lord ends up in the domain of Manhattan, where he gets a job singing in the popular club, "the Quiet Room", singing Disney songs, as Disney films never existed in Battleworld, using the alias of Steve Rogers to hide from Doom. It is here that he runs into an alternate universe version of Kitty Pryde (from the Age of Apocalypse universe), who is hunting down artifacts from before Battleworld's creation. Hoping to talk to who he believes is his fiancé, he accidentally messes up a deal between Kitty and Gambit to obtain an ancient artifact. Gambit leaves, but Kitty uses a scanner to discover that Star-Lord is from before Battleworld's creation, and plans on taking him to Doom. However, they are ambushed by a group of robots connected to Gambit. The two decide to steal an artifact that Gambit has, but it was a trap and the two are captured. Right before Gambit can kill them, a version of Drax appears, who originally hired Peter to work in the Quiet Room, and knocks out Gambit. The three escape with the artifact secured. When they are safe the next morning, Kitty shows it to the two, only to find out its Rocket Racoon's tail. Star-Lord laments the death of his friend, and Kitty decides to allow him to keep it, as it is the one thing left of his old universe. Star-Lord thanks Kitty, who kisses him before heading back to her home of Doomguard. Realizing the two are out of a job for abandoning the Quiet Room in the middle of a show, Star-Lord and Drax decide to go back into Star-Lord's old career as a thief. He asks Drax if he knows a good geneticist, as he plans on using Rocket's tail to make a clone of his friend, possibly an army of them.[63]

text: During the final stand against God Doom, Peter not only piloted a ship to take the two Reed Richards' to the heart of Castle Doom, but also managed to keep Black Swan occupied by using the last twig of Groot, kept in his pocket ever since the Incursions to be planted at the crucial moment.[64]

text: All-New, All-Different Marvel[edit]

text: Following the restoration of reality, Peter ascended to the throne of Spartax, with Rocket taking over leadership of the Guardians while Kitty- now under the alias of Star-Lady- and the Thing- following the disbanding of the FF while the Richards' family worked to restore the multiverse- joined the team.[65] After Kree accuser Hala and the ruthless Yotat the Destroyer caused mass destruction on Spartax while trying to eliminate Quill, he was forced to return to the Guardians due to the accusations of his delegates about his responsibility for the resulting deaths.[66]

text: During the Civil War II storyline, Star-Lord and the Guardians of the Galaxy assist Captain Marvel in the fight against Iron Man as her surprise weapon. During the battle, the Guardians ship explodes, leaving them stranded on Earth. After Iron Man's faction leaves, Gamora overhears a conversation between Peter and Kitty in which she finds out that Peter knew that Thanos was on Earth the entire time they were there without telling the rest of the team. After stopping Gamora from storming into the Triskelion and killing Thanos, Gamora and the other Guardians leave Peter for not telling them the truth. Peter and Kitty then break off their engagement.

text: Grounded

text: Living alone in an apartment given to him by Abigail Brand, Peter calls Howard the Duck to try and have drinks with him, and Howard furiously hangs up. He then finds Kitty and Logan in an art gallery, where Kitty shouts at him for carrying his guns into an art gallery with children. Frustrated, Peter leaves. Logan then catches up to him and has drinks with him in a bar, where they fight hitmen, which attracts the attention of the police. Logan flees the scene and Peter is captured.

text: Peter is prosecuted by Matt Murdock, who argues that unlike other superheroes, Star-Lord was reckless and endangered civilians while causing substantial property damage. The trial is interrupted by Brandt, who gets the judge to reduce Peter's sentence to community service, to which Peter agrees. Brandt and Alpha Flight then give him a new skin-tight costume, and he is assigned to senior citizen Edmund Allen, a retired super criminal. After a day of bonding, Star-Lord is hired as a bartender at a bar for supervillains owned by Edmund's son.

text: Powers and abilities[edit]

text: Star-Lord is a master strategist and problem solver who is an expert in close-quarter combat, various human and alien firearms, and battle techniques. He has extensive knowledge of various alien customs, societies, and cultures, and considerable knowledge about cosmic abstracts, such as Oblivion.

text: As Star-Lord, Peter Quill wears a suit that grants augmented strength and durability and the ability to travel through space. The character uses an "Element Gun", a special meta-pistol capable of projecting one of the four elements (air, earth, fire and water). Star-Lord shares a psychic link with his sentient space vessel, "Ship".

text: "Ship" is actually a sentient energy form. She most often exists in the form of a starship, but can alter her structure at will. She can travel through air, space and water. She possesses many of the conventional starship accessories, including shields, energy blasters, advanced sensors, replicators (able to form any kind of food, drink, etc.), and hologram projectors. She has proven capable of creating a human form, which she can then animate and use as a host. Even if completely destroyed, she is capable of restoring herself, since her true form is her consciousness. In addition, she takes on a number of feminine characteristics, such as a mothering instinct for those she is partnered with. She has felt deeper attachments, including love for her partners.

text: "Ship" can create Widgets—small, mobile droids able to scout out situations, gather information, and then return to her. The full extent of "Ship's" abilities are unknown.

text: During Star-Lord's battle with The Fallen One, his Element Gun, suit and "Ship" were destroyed. Due to severe injury he was grafted with cybernetic implants by doctors on the Kyln, where he was sentenced. The eye implant allows him to see all energy spectra and the memory chip in his brain gives him 100% total recall.

text: On the Kree world of Aladon Prime, Star-Lord's cybernetic implants were removed. Star-Lord was outfitted with a Kree-issued heat-dampening espionage battle-suit, which became the hallmark look for the Guardians of the Galaxy, a battle helmet, and a universal translator, all of which he still uses. His battle helmet can analyze strategy data, improve vision, and regulate oxygen in space.

text: Star-Lord's chosen weapons are two Kree sub-machine guns with various types of ammunition, including explosives.

text: After escaping the Cancerverse, Peter acquires a new element gun(s), but discards his armor.

text: Other characters named Star-Lord[edit]

text: A three-issue limited series, titled Starlord, featured a man named Sinjin Quarrel adopting the identity 12 years after the disappearance of the original Star-Lord (Peter Jason Quill).[67] The series, published from December 1996 to February 1997, was written by Timothy Zahn, with art by Dan Lawlis.[68] Where the events depicted in this miniseries fit into Peter Quill's chronology has never been revealed.

text: Other versions[edit]

text: Star-Lord has adventures in Marvel Preview #4 and #11, but after Peter Quill's introduction to Earth-616 in 2004, these issues and other appearances of "classic" Star-Lord have been officially designated as occurring in Earth-791 due to continuity issues.[citation needed] In these issues, Peter Quill is born during an unusual astronomical phenomenon when many of the planets align. Seeing no resemblance, the man who believed he was Quill's father accuses his wife Meredith of infidelity and attempts to kill the infant, but dies of a sudden heart attack. Peter is raised by his single mother until she is killed by Ariguans when he is eleven (In Earth-616, she is killed by Badoon soldiers).[69] Quill is placed in an orphanage but escapes and eventually becomes a trainee NASA astronaut. An alien entity called the Master of the Sun later visits the space station that Quill and other astronauts are inhabiting, and offers the mantle of Star-Lord (an interplanetary policeman) to a worthy candidate. Quill volunteers, but is rejected in favor of a colleague he once treated badly. Quill is outraged, and NASA orders his return to Earth and discharge for his conduct. Instead, he steals a scout ship, returns to the space station, and takes his colleague's place. Quill becomes Star-Lord, with the Master of the Sun first creating an illusion in which the character is able to find and kill the aliens that murdered his mother to free him of his past. Equipped with a sentient vessel called "Ship", Quill commences his role as Star-Lord.[69][70]

text: Years later, Star-Lord becomes involved in stopping a group of slavers who are destroying worlds. His efforts led him to discover a conspiracy to replace the emperor of the Spartoi Empire. In order to thwart the takeover, Star-Lord travels to the imperial throneworld Sparta where he encounters and kills the alien who killed his mother. Star-Lord then meets Emperor Jason who reveals that he is Peter's father. Jason explains that he had crashed on Earth decades earlier and been rescued by Meredith Quill. During the year that he had spent repairing his ship, Jason and Meredith fell in love. When it came time to leave, Jason, for Meredith's safety, had placed a mindlock on her memories of him, causing her to remember their year together as only a dream.[3][70]

text: "Age of Ultron"[edit]

text: During the 2013 "Age of Ultron" storyline, Wolverine and Susan Storm accidentally create an alternate timeline after traveling back in time and assassinating Hank Pym before he can create Ultron. In the new reality, Star-Lord is seen as a member of the Defenders, who have replaced the defunct Avengers as the world's premier superhero team.[71]

text: In other media[edit]

text: Television[edit]

text:
Star-Lord appears in The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes episode "Michael Korvac", voiced by Steve Downes.[72][73]
Star-Lord appears in the Ultimate Spider-Man cartoon series, voiced by Chris Cox.[72] In "Guardians of the Galaxy", he is seen as a member of the Guardians of the Galaxy. He and the Guardians of the Galaxy fight Korvac and the Chitauri with the help of Spider-Man and Nova. In "The Return of the Guardians of the Galaxy", Star-Lord is with the Guardians of the Galaxy when they land on Earth to rebuild their ship at the same time when Titus was leading the Chitauri into targeting Nova's helmet.
Star-Lord appears in Avengers Assemble, voiced by Chris Cox (in "Guardians and Spaceknights") and later by Will Friedle (in "Widow's Run"). In "Guardians and Spaceknights", he was seen with the Guardians of the Galaxy when they are in the middle of evacuating the D'Bari from their homeworld before it can be consumed by Galactus. In "Widow's Run", Star-Lord tries to get Tony Stark to have the Infinity Gems in the custody of the Guardians of the Galaxy only to be turned down. This causes Star-Lord to lead the Guardians of the Galaxy into taking the Infinity Gems from the Black Widow leading the group's fight with the Avengers. Using special teleportation disks, the Falcon was able to send the Guardians of the Galaxy back to their ship. Star-Lord's design initially resembles his original comic book appearance, however it changed and now resembles Chris Pratt's character from the Guardians of the Galaxy film.
Star-Lord appeared in Hulk and the Agents of S.M.A.S.H., voiced by Chris Cox (in "It's a Wonderful Smash" and "Guardians of the Galaxy"),[74] and by Will Friedle (in "Planet Monster" Pt. 2).
Star-Lord appears in Marvel Disk Wars: The Avengers episode "Guardians of the Galaxy".
Star-Lord appears in the Guardians of the Galaxy animated series, voiced again by Will Friedle.[75]

text: Film[edit]

text: Marvel Cinematic Universe[edit]

text:
Chris Pratt portrays Peter Quill / Star-Lord in the Marvel Studios film Guardians of the Galaxy.[76] In 1988, when Peter Quill was a young boy in Missouri and unable to accept his mother's death due to cancer, he leaves the hospital in tears, and is subsequently abducted by an extraterrestrial star-ship. Twenty-six years later, he is a member of the Ravagers, the mercenary gang who abducted him as a child led by Yondu Udonta, and has had many adventures with this crew around the galaxy. While on a scavenging job, Peter finds himself embroiled in a significant power struggle and revenge war between two advanced galactic powers, the Kree warlord Ronan the Accuser and Xandar's Nova Corps while also being hunted by Yondu after failing to bring him a stolen relic later revealed to be an Infinity Stone which Ronan seeks. Throughout the movie, Peter is shown listening to a mixtape of various hit songs from 1962 – 1986 that was given to him by his mother, which serves as his only connection with Earth.
Pratt reprises his role in the film Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2.[77] In this film, Quill learns that his father is Ego the Living Planet, a primordial Celestial- who manifests a human avatar that allows him to interact with other races- with Ego teaching Quill more about his Celestial abilities. However, Quill is briefly 'seduced' by Ego's power, he turns against his father when it is revealed that Ego killed his mother to ensure his focus on his self-perceived 'duty' to reproduce. Peter kept Ego occupied in combat with his newfound Celestial powers until the other Guardians are able to destroy Ego's brain. After Ego dies and Peter loses his Celestial powers, he is rescued from the planet's destruction by Yondu, who sacrifices his life in the process. The Guardians hold a memorial to give Yondu an honorable funeral, during which Peter recognizes Yondu as his true father and the Ravagers arrive to pay homage. Peter also replaces his destroyed Walkman with a Zune.
Pratt will return as Quill in Avengers: Infinity War and its untitled sequel.[78]

text: Animation[edit]

text: Star-Lord makes a non-speaking cameo appearance in the animated direct-to-video film Planet Hulk.[79] He is seen as an audience member in the Sakaar arena.

text: Video games[edit]

text:
Star-Lord is available as downloadable content for LittleBigPlanet, as part of "Marvel Costume Kit 5".[80]
Star-Lord appears in Marvel Heroes.
Star-Lord appears in Lego Marvel Super Heroes.
Star-Lord appears as a playable character in Disney Infinity: Marvel Super Heroes.
Star-Lord is available in the "Guardians of the Galaxy" skin pack for Minecraft on Xbox and Playstation platforms. This skin pack became unavailable in December 2015 along with the other 2 Marvel skin packs: "The Avengers" and "Spider-Man".
Star-Lord is available in the Facebook game Marvel: Avengers Alliance as the Special Operations 20 unlockable.
Star-Lord is an unlockable and playable character in Marvel Contest of Champions.
Star-Lord is an unlockable and playable character in Marvel: Future Fight.
Star-Lord is a playable character in Disney Infinity 3.0.
Star-Lord is the primary protagonist of the video game Guardians of the Galaxy: The Telltale Series, voiced by Scott Porter as an adult and by Jeremy Shada as a kid. As seen in a flashback, Peter Quill had to promise his mother not to get into fights with a bully. After Meredith Quill died, Peter Quill is taken in by Yondu where Meredith entrusted him to watch over Peter.
There are three playable versions of Star-Lord in the match-three mobile game Marvel Puzzle Quest, the two newest versions of which were added to the game in April 2017.[81][82]

text: Theme Parks[edit]

text: Star-Lord appears in the ride Guardians of the Galaxy Mission Breakout at Disney's California Adventure with Chris Pratt reprising his role from the films.[citation needed]

text: Toys[edit]

text:
Star-Lord was featured in the Marvel Universe toy line as a 3 3/4" figure in his Guardian uniform. He was sold in a three pack with Drax the Destroyer, Rocket Raccoon, and a mini Groot accessory.
Star-Lord appears as a figure in the Groot Build-A-Figure line.
Star-Lord is featured in the Hot Toys 1:6 scale line for Marvel Studios film Guardians of the Galaxy. The head sculpt features an authentic and detailed likeness of Chris Pratt as Star-Lord.
Nerf has released toys of Star-Lord's mask and weapons as they appear in the film.

text: Collected editions[edit]

text:
Star-Lord: Guardian of the Galaxy (collects Marvel Preview #4, 11, 14-15, 18; Marvel Super Special #10; Marvel Spotlight vol. 2 #6-7; Marvel Premiere #61; and Star-Lord Vol. 1 #1-3), 424 pages, July 2014, ISBN 978-0785154495
Legendary Star-Lord Vol. 1: Face It, I Rule (collects Legendary Star-Lord #1-5), 112 pages, February 2015, ISBN 978-0785191599
Legendary Star-Lord Vol. 2: Rise of the Black Vortex (collects Legendary Star-Lord #6-12), 160 pages, August 2015, ISBN 978-0785191605
Legendary Star-Lord Vol. 3: First Flight (collects Star-Lord Vol. 2 #1-5), 112 pages, July 2016, ISBN 978-0785196242
Legendary Star-Lord Vol. 4: Out of Orbit (collects Star-Lord Vol. 2 #6-8, Avengers #28, 51, 174), 128 pages, November 2016, ISBN 978-0785196259
Star-Lord and Kitty Pryde (collects Star-Lord and Kitty Pryde #1-3, Generation Next #1, and Guardians of the Galaxy and X-Men: The Black Vortex Omega), 128 pages, December 2015, ISBN 978-0785198437


document_title: List of British monarchs

question_text: who was reigning monarch of the uk in 1900

text: List of British monarchs

text: House of Stuart (1707–1714)[edit]

text: Queen Anne had been Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland since 8 March 1702, and so became Queen of Great Britain upon the Union of England and Scotland.

text:
Name
Portrait
Arms
Birth
Marriages
Death
Claim
Ref.

Before the Acts of Union 1707
See List of English monarchs, List of Scottish monarchs, and List of Irish monarchs.

Anne
1 May 1707
–
1 August 1714
(7 years, 92 days)

6 February 1665
St James's Palace

Daughter of James II
and Anne Hyde
George of Denmark
St James's Palace
28 July 1683
No surviving children
1 August 1714
Kensington Palace
Aged 49
Daughter of James VII and II

Cognatic primogeniture

Bill of Rights 1689
[2]

text: House of Hanover (1714–1901)[edit]

text: The Hanoverian succession came about as a result of the Act of Settlement 1701, passed by the Parliament of England, which excluded "Papists" (i.e. Roman Catholics) from the succession. In return for access to the English plantations in North America and the West Indies, the Hanoverian succession and the Union were ratified by the Parliament of Scotland in 1707.

text: After the death of Anne with no living children, George Louis, the son of Sophia of Hanover—granddaughter of James I through his daughter Elizabeth—was the closest heir to the throne who was not Catholic.[i]

text:
Name
Portrait
Arms
Birth
Marriages
Death
Claim
Ref.

George I
George Louis
1 August 1714[a]
–
11 June 1727
(12 years, 315 days)

28 May 1660
Leineschloss

Son of Ernest Augustus of Brunswick-Lüneburg
and Sophia of Hanover
Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Celle
21 November 1682
2 children
11 June 1727
Osnabrück
Aged 67
Great-grandson of James VI and I

Act of Settlement

Eldest son of Sophia of Hanover
[3]

George II
George Augustus
11 June 1727[b]
–
25 October 1760
(33 years, 137 days)

30 October 1683
Herrenhausen

Son of George I
and Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Celle
Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach
22 August 1705
Herrenhausen
8 children
25 October 1760
Kensington Palace
Aged 76
Son of George I
[4]

George III
George William Frederick
25 October 1760[c]
–
29 January 1820
(59 years, 97 days)

4 June 1738
Norfolk House

Son of Prince Frederick
and Augusta of Saxe-Gotha
Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
St James's Palace
8 September 1761
15 children
29 January 1820
Windsor Castle
Aged 81
Grandson of George II
[5]

George IV
George Augustus Frederick
29 January 1820[d]
–
26 June 1830
(10 years, 149 days)

12 August 1762
St James's Palace

Son of George III
and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
(1) Maria Fitzherbert
Park Lane
15 September 1785
No verified children

(2) Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
St James's Palace
8 April 1795
1 daughter
26 June 1830
Windsor Castle
Aged 67
Son of George III
[6]

William IV
William Henry
26 June 1830[e]
–
20 June 1837
(6 years, 360 days)

21 August 1765
Buckingham Palace

Son of George III
and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen
Kew Palace
13 July 1818
2 daughters
20 June 1837
Windsor Castle
Aged 71
Son of George III
[7]

Victoria
Alexandrina Victoria
20 June 1837[f]
–
22 January 1901
(63 years, 217 days)

24 May 1819
Kensington Palace

Daughter of the Duke of Kent and Strathearn
and Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
St James's Palace
10 February 1840
9 children
22 January 1901
Osborne House
Aged 81
Granddaughter of George III
[8]

text: Houses of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1901–1917) and Windsor (1917–present)[edit]

text: Due to his father Albert, Prince Consort, being of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Edward VII inaugurated a new royal house when he succeeded his mother Victoria, the last monarch of the House of Hanover, in 1901. George V changed its name in 1917, during the First World War, because of wartime anti-German sentiment in the country. The house name Windsor has since been used.

text:
Name
Portrait
Arms
Birth
Marriages
Death
Claim
Ref.

Edward VII
Albert Edward
22 January 1901[g]
–
6 May 1910
(9 years, 105 days)

9 November 1841
Buckingham Palace

Son of Victoria
and Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha
Alexandra of Denmark
St George's Chapel
10 March 1863
6 children
6 May 1910
Buckingham Palace
Aged 68
Son of Victoria
[9]

George V
George Frederick Ernest Albert
6 May 1910[h]
–
20 January 1936
(25 years, 260 days)

3 June 1865
Marlborough House

Son of Edward VII
and Alexandra of Denmark
Mary of Teck
St James's Palace
6 July 1893
6 children
20 January 1936
Sandringham House
Aged 70
Son of Edward VII
[10]

Edward VIII
Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David
20 January 1936[i]
–
11 December 1936
(Abdicated after 326 days)

23 June 1894
White Lodge

Son of George V
and Mary of Teck
Wallis Simpson
Château de Candé
3 June 1937
No children
28 May 1972
Neuilly-sur-Seine
Aged 77
Son of George V
[11]

George VI
Albert Frederick Arthur George
11 December 1936[j]
–
6 February 1952
(15 years, 58 days)

14 December 1895
Sandringham House

Son of George V
and Mary of Teck
Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon
Westminster Abbey
26 April 1923
2 daughters
6 February 1952
Sandringham House
Aged 56
Son of George V
[12]

Elizabeth II
Elizabeth Alexandra Mary
6 February 1952[k]
–
Present
(66 years, 63 days)

21 April 1926
Mayfair

Daughter of George VI
and Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon
Philip of Greece and Denmark
Westminster Abbey
20 November 1947
4 children
Living
Age 91
Daughter of George VI
[13]

text: Timeline of British monarchs[edit]


document_title: Mike Delfino

question_text: who is mike looking for in desperate housewives

text: Mike Delfino

text: History[edit]

text: Season 1[edit]

text: Mike Delfino posed as the friendly neighborhood plumber but was quietly searching for his missing ex-girlfriend (Deirdre Taylor). Her father, Noah, wanted to know what had happened to her before he died. Deirdre's remains were discovered under the Young family pool.

text: Paul Young murdered Martha Huber after she admitted blackmailing his late wife. He tried framing Mike for the murder. Susan Meyer discovered that he had been in prison for manslaughter and drug dealing. Devastated, she ended their relationship being disappointed that Mike didn't tell her the truth. However, she visited Kendra and Noah, looking for answers. Kendra explained that Mike and Deirdre were drug addicts. Mike was defending Deirdre from an undercover policeman. Mike tried stopping the policeman and caught them together. Mike and the policeman had a fight and they went over a balcony. Mike survived but the cop didn't.

text: Mike also discovered that Paul Young was involved in Deirdre's murder. He took Paul hostage and planned to shoot him until Paul told him that he and his late wife lived in Salt Lake City years ago. Mary Alice worked at a rehab centre and met Deirdre. One night, wanting drugs, Deirdre tried to sell her and Paul her watch — claiming the baby needed food, but Mary Alice knew Deirdre would buy drugs. She offered them her baby son, Dana. Mary Alice agreed and they moved to Fairview with the baby, now named Zach. Three years later, Deirdre found them and demanded her baby back; they refused. Deirdre went to take Zach but Mary Alice stabbed her to stop her. Mike let Paul go, realizing Zach was his son. Meanwhile, Zach held Susan hostage after finding out Mike had kidnapped Paul and intended to kill him.

text: Season 2[edit]

text: When Mike got home, he and Susan fought off Zach and he fled because Zach was keeping Susan so Mike would come hoe and Zach intended to kill him. Susan was stunned to discover that Zach is Mike's son. Susan was wary of Zach because his behaviour towards Julie was worrying, particularly when she asked him not to see Julie as much. She encouraged Zach to go to Utah, looking for Paul and gave him money. When Mike found out, he ended their relationship.

text: Mike tried getting to know him, on his return from Utah, and Zach was initially interested. Paul, however, told Zach that he was getting tired of his obsession with two people who hadn't loved him enough to keep him. After that, Zach made it clear that he felt Paul was his father.

text: After Edie Britt set Susan's house on fire, Mike got Susan a wire to record Edie's confession. Susan moved into a caravan. Later, they made up and he planned to propose in the season finale but was run over by Orson Hodge.

text: Season 3[edit]

text: Mike survived the accident but spent 6 months in the Fairview hospital. When he woke up, he was diagnosed with retrograde amnesia, causing him to forget the last 2 years. Edie Britt took advantage, telling him that Susan had treated him like dirt to make Mike fall in love with her. They had a brief relationship which she ended when he was arrested for Monique Polier's murder. Susan pursued her new boyfriend, Ian, to hire the best lawyer to get Mike out of jail. In prison, Paul tried befriending Mike so Zach would help him find Felicia Tilman( Mrs. Hughes' sister), who had accused Paul murdering her sister. Later, he visited a hypnotherapist to try to make sense of some memories. He realized Orson Hodge(who married Bree Van De Kamp) was responsible. He and Mike had a fight on the hospital roof and Orson fell off. Mike was cleared when the police found Alma and Monique's teeth and suicide note Alma wrote when she portended to die.

text: Mike was saddened when Ian and Susan got engaged but discovered that Ian proposed, knowing that Mike had intended to propose the night of his accident. Mike challenged Ian at a poker game and they did a deal: if Mike won, he could tell Susan but if Ian won, he couldn't. Ian won and Mike kept his distance but Ian had to thank Mike when he rescued him from drowning. Following an argument with Ian, Mike consoled Susan and they kissed, renewing Mike's hope that they would reconcile. Despite his deal with Ian, he told Susan what happened at the poker game. Susan was furious, refusing to see either of them but eventually decided to marry Ian. With broken Heart, Mike left her a message, saying goodbye and left Wisteria Lane, unaware that Ian had ended things with Susan. Mike went camping so Susan went after him but offended by her guide's suggestion that she invited in too much drama, Susan went to find Mike alone. Back at the campground, she was reported lost, and Mike recognized Susan from the description. Susan left Mike a message, promising if they reconciled, they would be a normal couple. Mike found Susan and they went home. Exactly a year to the day after Mike's accident, they went out to dinner and on returning to Wisteria Lane, the trailer Susan decorated a year before, was waiting on her driveway. They lived the experience they were meant to have that night and Mike proposed.

text: They married in the woods in the middle of the night. Susan surprised him with a small wedding because she didn't want to put pressure on him for a big, expensive wedding.

text: Season 4[edit]

text: In Season Four, Mike and Susan discovered that she was pregnant (result of WB). Mike told Susan that he had never been happier but problems arose when Julie asked for permission to go to a party. Susan agreed but Mike said no as he'd seen some crazy parties at the house in question. Susan agreed with Mike but later told Julie she could go but asked her not to tell Mike, wanting him to feel part of the decision-making process, and Julie went. Later that night, after Mike said he had driven past the house and seen topless girls, drunken people and music blaring, Susan claimed she needed something from the store and went to get Julie. However, at the party, she was mistaken for a stripper but brought Julie and Dylan home and a friend of Julie's phoned to check she'd got home all right, alerting Mike. He told Susan that he respected her decisions about how to raise Julie but expected her to consult him on how they raised their child.

text: The doctor suggested Susan and Mike go for genetic counselling and Mike admitted his father, Nick, was alive and in prison for first degree murder. They visited and Susan was shocked by how cold Nick was and needing to know that Nick felt remorse for his actions, visited him alone the next day. Nick told Susan that he regretted what his actions did to Mike as he became very unpopular, claiming that one never truly overcame that, and told Susan to watch Mike carefully. While at Bree's house, Mike dropped a painkiller. Bree found it and wondering what it was, researched it. On discovering that it was highly addictive, she told Susan who only believed it when she found pills hidden in Mike's flashlight. She confronted him and he threw the pills down the sink, telling her that he wasn't addicted but later retrieved them. Mike's drug dealer hassled him for money so he blackmailed Adam and Orson into prescribing him more. Mike's drug dealer came to the house and Susan, unaware he was a drug dealer, tried fixing him up with Julie until Mike told her that he was a drug dealer and she threw him out. He confessed that he had bought drugs illegally from the dealer so he could keep working, worried about the cost of raising a child. Susan thought that he had stopped taking them but found pills in the car. She confronted Mike and he accidentally pushed her down the stairs. They went to the hospital — worried about the baby — but punched a hospital worker so Mike was handcuffed to a seat. Luckily she and the baby were fine and Susan's ankle was only sprained. She was prescribed painkillers and when Mike asked for one, she told him if he didn't go to rehab, she would leave him and refuse him access to the baby. Mike agreed and went for thirty days.

text: Mike didn't go to the first Lamaze class, as he received his 30-day chip (30 days without drugs) but was there for the second. Mike told Susan that Bree Hodge's husband, Orson, had run him over, Susan furiously told Orson to stay away from her family and told Bree what happened. Orson and Bree grew apart because of this, and Susan apologized for it. After Mike's mother visited, Mike scolded his mother for her attitude towards Susan — asking personal questions and unable to believe that Susan couldn't cook. She apologized just before Susan gave birth to their baby boy. Mike wanted to name him Maynard after his grandfather (who was a father figure for him) but Susan preferred Connor. Mike convinced her to name their son Maynard James Delfino (he's known as M.J.).

text: 5-year leap[edit]

text: As the plot fast forwards 5 years in the future, Susan is seen coming home to a man who is not Mike.

text: Season 5[edit]

text: The fifth season premiered on U.S. television on Sunday September 28, 2008 with the episode "You're Gonna Love Tomorrow". As previously stated, season five takes place five years after the events of season four. In the new timeline, it is revealed that Susan is having a secret relationship with her painter/decorator Jackson Braddock. When Jackson asked why they couldn't go public, she replies, "Maybe I don’t deserve to be happy," which led to flashbacks revealing why Susan and Mike divorced: they were involved in a crash with another car. They survived but the occupants of the other car — Lila Dash and her daughter, Paige — died. Susan and Mike weren't responsible (the other car pulled out in front of them), but Susan blamed herself and Mike and the trauma took its toll on their marriage. When Mike arrives to collect their son ("M.J.") for the weekend, Susan tells Mike that she is seeing someone.

text: While Susan is now with Jackson, Mike started dating Katherine Mayfair, Susan's older friend. Mike and Katherine bonded over after bad dates and realize they are attracted to each other are soulmate. When Susan finds out that they are dating and that Bree knew, it is clear that she still has feelings for Mike, whom she refers to as her. This bad feeling spills over into Mike and Susan's son, M.J., when he attacks Katherine( he threw chewed chewing gum on Katherine's head). It emerges that this is a result of what Susan told M.J. when she and Mike first split up; that they would get back together eventually.

text: Worried about her and Mike's relationship, Katherine tells him that her daughter wants her to move to Maryland, but isn't sure if she should go. Mike was non-committal but realized, thanks to Dave Williams (AKA David Dash), that he was falling in love with Katherine and left her a basket of roses with a note saying "Don't go". When Katherine found them, she was thrilled — unaware that Dave had an agenda of his own, thinking Mike was responsible for the deaths of his wife and daughter. Dave planned his revenge — he, Mike and Katherine would go camping and he would shoot Katherine dead. Fortunately, Dave's wife, Edie, sent him a text, telling him to come home. Edie confronts him — during the confrontation, Edie is about to call Mike when Dave nearly strangles her. Edie rushed out and was killed after being electrocuted when she crashed her car into an electricity pole after swerving to avoid Orson. Dave later learns that he nearly killed the wrong person. Susan confessed she was driving the night that Lila and Paige died and realized he should have been targeting her. Dave decides to kill Susan and Mike's six-year-old son, M.J. Delfino, in revenge.

text: Mike later struggled with his feelings for Susan and Katherine, and proposes to Katherine, who gladly accepts. In the finale, Dave gives Mike a videotape which he says is rehearsal footage of their band; it is actually Dave's confession which Mike wasn't supposed to see until after M.J. is dead. Needing a videotape to use at the wedding, Katherine puts it in her camera. Katherine and Mike are waiting to fly to Vegas and Katherine takes her wallet to buy cappuccinos and knocked the camera so Mike heard Dave's voice from her purse. Watching it, he sees Dave confess to killing M.J.. Mike runs to save him, and asks a passenger to inform Katherine that he left due to an emergency. Unfortunately, it is misinterpreted. Mike phones Susan and told her that Dave is the man whose wife and daughter that died in the accident. He speaks to Dave, offering himself in Susan and M.J.'s place. Dave agrees and tells Mike to meet them at the site of the accident. Unknown to Mike, Dave plans to have Mike crash into his car and kill M.J., just as Susan did when she killed Lila and Paige. Susan manages to escape and tried to warn Mike, but he crashed into Dave's car anyway. Susan was relieved to find M.J. alive as Dave had told him to get out of the car. Susan, Mike, and M.J. share a hug, and Mike kisses Susan.

text: At the end of the finale, Mike is seen marrying someone whose face is not shown. Neither Katherine nor Susan are shown in the pews at the church, and Marc Cherry has dressed both Katherine up in wedding dresses.

text: Season 6[edit]

text: It is revealed that Mike broke up with Katherine and asked Susan to marry him, again. She accepts and they plan their wedding. Her daughter, Julie, then returns to Wisteria Lane. Though Susan is happy and in love with Mike, Katherine is devastated and jealous. Their friendship is deeply scarred by this. At the ceremony, Katherine approaches Susan and explains how she feels and asks for her to make a public apology during the ceremony or she will make a huge scene. Susan then locks Katherine in a closet, she breaks out and a scene ensues after Mike and Susan are wed. Susan then apologizes publicly. However, Katherine tells her it doesn't matter because as of this moment, they are at war and she begins to plot revenge. When Katherine tells M.J. how Susan stole Mike away and takes the child from school, Mike verbally blasts her, saying he never loved Katherine and was thinking of Susan the whole time they were together. When a hurt Katherine says it'd be less painful for Mike to stab her with a knife, he retorts that he doesn't care enough about Katherine to kill her. After he leaves, Katherine calls 911 to say she's losing blood and then stabs herself. Katherine tells the police that Mike stabbed her and he's arrested. Trying to help him, Susan calls on Katherine's daughter Dylan, who's believed Katherine's tales that she's married to Mike. After talking to Mike in jail, Dylan realizes her mother has been lying and confronts her, causing Katherine to have a full breakdown that presumably exonerates Mike. Mike is currently having financial problems, but while he refuses any help coming from Susan, he takes a loan from Carlos. Susan eventually learns of their financial ruin and, after going over their finances she and Mike realize they need to cut back. This includes them moving to an apartment across town and, renting out their home. Though Mike knows it will help them get back on their feet, Susan becomes very angry with him as she is forced to leave the house where she raised her children. Though they make up and, leave Wisteria Lane, they quickly find a renter for their house... in the form of Mike's former enemy, Paul Young.

text: Season 7[edit]

text: When Susan tells Mike about her lingerie job on the Internet and Paul Young's plan to buy their house, Mike decides to take an oil rig job in Alaska in order to earn more money. He has also been communicating with Felicia Tilman. When Susan develops kidney problems Mike surprises her at the hospital. They both fear the prospect of Susan succumbing to her disease and so they decide to have an early anniversary which turns into a sham. After everything backfires Mike admits he's not ready to lose Susan and tells her that she'll find a kidney donor. After Paul recovers from the gunshot wound he asks for Mike's help in finding Zach. Mike rejects but later changes his mind when he realizes that Zach is on drugs. Both Mike and Paul visit Zach and ask him to go to rehab. When Susan gets a kidney, courtesy of Beth, they both cannot wait for their sex drought to end with Susan dreaming of having sex but cannot recall her male counterpart.

text: Season 8[edit]

text: Making the fatal mistake of crossing Donny, an unruly and vengeful loan shark who harasses Renee, Mike is killed in a drive-by shooting by Donny himself in front of his home on Wisteria Lane, just seconds after expressing his love toward Susan. He pushes Susan down to the ground in order to save her while he is shot in the chest. He is then remembered by the housewives at his funeral. The fate of Mike's killer is never shown afterwards, but Bree is later told that an arrest had been made. When Susan was cleaning out Mike's closet, she finds papers indicating that Mike was writing checks to a woman. Susan visits the address she finds in Mike's things and discovers that Mike had a sister, Laura, whom he only learned about eight years before. Mike's mother did not want to be "inconvenienced" by their special needs child. In the final moments of the series, as Susan leaves Wisteria Lane, Mike is among the spirits watching her go.


document_title: Pocahontas II: Journey to a New World

question_text: who does pocahontas choose in the second movie

text: Pocahontas II: Journey to a New World

text: Plot

text: In London, John Smith is ambushed by a group of soldiers with a warrant for his arrest and presumed dead in the ensuing confrontation; Governor Ratcliffe has lied to King James (being a personal friend of the King) and framed Smith as the traitor from the first film in a plot to declare war against the Powhatan Nation and get ahold of the gold he still believes them to possess, all while avoiding punishment for his own crimes. In order to prevent this, the King sends a young diplomat, John Rolfe, to bring Chief Powhatan to England for negotiations. In the New World, Pocahontas, Powhatan's daughter, mourns John Smith's death but is eventually able to move on. John Rolfe soon arrives, greeted by English civilians (who by now have settled in Jamestown) and a curious Pocahontas. Rolfe eventually speaks with Powhatan, but he refuses to accompany him to England, so Pocahontas goes in her father's stead, believing that she can bring about peace between the two nations. Powhatan sends a bodyguard, Uttamatomakkin (Uti) to accompany Pocahontas. Rolfe and Pocahontas have a rocky start, but gradually warm up to each other.

text: In England, Rolfe leaves Pocahontas at his mansion and meets with King James and Queen Anne, but James refuses to meet with Pocahontas despite Rolfe's pleas. Instead, per Ratcliffe's suggestion, James invites both Rolfe and Pocahontas to an upcoming ball and promises that if Pocahontas impresses him by acting "civilised", he will prevent the armada from sailing to Jamestown, but if she does not, he will declare war. Knowing that Ratcliffe deliberately manipulated the King, Rolfe and his maid, Mrs. Jenkins, educate Pocahontas in the ways of British etiquette to prepare her. At the ball, Pocahontas wins over the King and Queen with flattery and almost manages to prevent war, but a bear-baiting arranged by Ratcliffe and greatly enjoyed by the snobbish nobility infuriates Pocahontas and she openly accuses the King of savage behaviour. James angrily orders Pocahontas and Uti imprisoned in the Tower of London, and declares war on the Powhatan tribe.

text: At his home, a despondant Rolfe is approached by a hooded stranger who helps him break Pocahontas and Uti out of the tower and take them to an inn, where the man reveals himself to be John Smith. Smith implores Pocahontas to stay hidden with him, but she instead takes Rolfe's advice and decides to try and stop the war one last time. She openly confronts the King in the palace and reveals Smith, thus proving that Ratcliffe had been lying the entire time. Realising Ratcliffe's treachery, James sends a battalion to stop the armada. They are successful in stopping the ships before they can set sail, but Ratcliffe refuses to give up and tries to kill Pocahontas. Smith appears and fights Ratcliffe one-on-one until Ratcliffe draws a gun, but before he can fire, Rolfe sends him overboard with the ship's mast. Ratcliffe makes it back to the port, where he is arrested by the King.

text: Smith receives a royal pardon and his own ship from the King as a sign of apology. Pocahontas and Rolfe, meanwhile, appear on the verge of admitting that they love each other. Before they can, Smith appears and implores Pocahontas to accompany him on his new journeys around the world, but Pocahontas chooses otherwise and she and Smith part ways as friends. As Pocahontas later prepares to return to Jamestown, she finds Rolfe waiting for her on the ship, having chosen to go and live with her in Jamestown (with Uti remaining in London in his stead). They kiss as the ship sails into the sunset.

text: Cast

text:
Irene Bedard (Judy Kuhn singing) as Pocahontas: the main character. Desiring everlasting peace between England and her people, she travels to London as a diplomat, falling in love with John Rolfe on the way.
Billy Zane as John Rolfe: the diplomat sent to bring Chief Powhatan to England and who falls in love with Pocahontas to the point that he stands up against Ratcliffe and King James' injustice.
Donal Gibson as Captain John Smith: Pocahontas's one time love, presumed dead after a confrontation with Ratcliffe. He later resurfaces to aid Pocahontas and John Rolfe against Ratcliffe.
David Ogden Stiers as Governor Ratcliffe: the main villain. Having lied to King James about the events in Jamestown, Ratcliffe becomes more determined than ever to go to war with the Powhatans in order to find his falsely speculated treasure, even if it means influencing the King.
John Kassir as Meeko: Pocahontas's pet raccoon, ever looking for fun.
Russell Means as Chief Powhatan: Pocahontas's father and chief of the Powhatans. He refuses to travel to England, so Pocahontas goes in his stead.
Frank Welker as Flit: Pocahontas's hummingbird friend, now warmer towards strangers than before.
Linda Hunt as Grandmother Willow: Pocahontas's spiritual guardian. She advises Pocahontas to go to England for peace.
Danny Mann as Percy: once Ratcliffe's pet dog, now living with Pocahontas and Meeko in Jamestown.
Michelle St. John as Nakoma: Pocahontas's best friend, now married to a Powhatan who somewhat resembles Kocoum.
Jim Cummings as King James: King of England. While well-meaning, he is also simple-minded and snobbish, easily falling for every lie Ratcliffe tells him.
Finola Hughes as Queen Anne: James's wife, somewhat more intelligent and open than her husband.
Jean Stapleton as Mrs. Jenkins: John Rolfe's well-meaning housemaid.
Brad Garrett as Uttamatomakkin: Pocahontas's bodyguard, sent by Powhatan to watch over her. His nickname is "Uti".

text: Reception

text: On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a rating of 29%, based on 7 reviews, with an average rating of 4.4 out of 10.[1] David Keyes from Cinemaphile rated the movie with 3/4 saying: "Normally, I'd refuse to review such a sequel, but this attention must be paid here, because the original "Pocahontas" movie was not that great. Usually, a Disney sequel jumps back a step or two from its predecessors, as it did with "Aladdin." "Pocahontas II: Journey To A New World" does not--it stays at the same level of the original, by creating entertaining and colorful new characters which have usually been the best things about Disney animated movies." Keyes went on to criticize the historical inaccuracy of the film. [2] The Movie Report rates the movie with 2 out of 4 stars writing: "While Journey to a New World is the best of the crop of Disney's direct-to-video animation sequels, it's still a slapdash effort, with none of gorgeous colors and animation of the first film, and little of its emotional resonance."[3]

text: Music

text: The soundtrack of the movie was released on November 23, 2009, from the Walt Disney Records.[4]

text:
Where Do I Go From Here? – Sung by Pocahontas (Judy Kuhn)
What a Day in London – Sung by Pocahontas (Judy Kuhn)
Wait 'Till He Sees You – Sung by Mrs. Jenkins and John Rolfe (Jean Stapleton and Billy Zane)
Things Are Not What They Appear- Sung by Radcliffe (David Ogden Stiers)
Between Two Worlds – Sung by Pocahontas and John Rolfe (Judy Kuhn and Billy Zane)