document_title: The Suite Life of Zack & Cody

question_text: who plays maddie on the suite life of zack and cody

text: The Suite Life of Zack & Cody

text: Plot[edit]

text: The show centers upon Zack and Cody Martin, twin brothers who live in the Tipton Hotel (parody of the Hilton Hotel) in Boston, where their mother, Carey, sings and performs in the hotel lounge.[1] However, it also centers upon the hotel owner's teenage daughter, London Tipton (A parody of Paris Hilton), who is very wealthy and ditzy, the hotel's down-to-earth candy-counter girl, Maddie Fitzpatrick,[3] and Mr. Moseby, the strict, dutiful, and serious manager, who is often the foil to Zack and Cody's schemes and has a liking to the piano, pocket hankies and ballet.[3] The show is often set at the Tipton Hotel, but has other settings such as Zack and Cody's school, Cheevers High,[4] and Maddie and London's private school, Our Lady of Perpetual Sorrow Catholic.[5] Zack and Cody often get in trouble (sometimes unintentionally) and come up with witty ideas to get out of it.

text: Cast and characters[edit]

text: Main[edit]

text:
Cole Sprouse portrays Cody Martin, the calm, mature, and smarter twin. He is a "straight A" student (except for wood shop, in which he receives a C, but uses Pass/Fail), making him better, academically, than his brother Zack, who gets "D's". In the first season of the show, it was revealed that Cody is ten minutes younger than Zack.[6] Janice and Jessica seem to like Cody more (due to his sensitive nature). Cody has an on-again, off-again girlfriend named Barbara. Cody is the more gentle twin compared to his brother and somehow always gets talked into going along with Zack's schemes. In The Fairest of Them All, he dressed as a girl to win money. He never drinks soda after 9:30 (unless he is at a bachelor party).
Dylan Sprouse portrays Zack Martin, the self-centered, outgoing, immature twin, who usually dresses in skater and baggy-camo clothes. At school, he is a straight "D" student, although he does well in wood shop. In the first season of the show it was revealed that Zack is ten minutes older than Cody, as he was born at 6:30 and Cody at 6:40[6] which he uses against Cody, normally telling him, since he's older, to do some sort of job that he doesn't want to do. Or in some cases, gives him "brotherly" advice because, "I'm the older twin." He has a big crush on Maddie, but after the first season, he was showing this less frequently. He has also taken advantage of his teachers and has faked conditions like dyslexia (in Smart and Smarterer).
Brenda Song portrays London Tipton, the only daughter of Wilfred Tipton, the owner of the Tipton Hotel. London is a rich, dimwitted teenager with her own private suite at the Tipton Hotel in Boston, complete with a large wardrobe with several divisions (each with their own talking mirror) and a kitchen. London loves fashion; she only wears designer clothes and hates plaid, especially the plaid Catholic school uniforms. She does not have a nanny, or any other adult, to help her but relies on the Tipton Hotel Staff for any assistance or guidance. In the episode Forever Plaid, due to her poor attendance at her old school, she transferred to the same Catholic girls' school, "Our Lady of Perpetual Sorrow," that Maddie attends. In the episode First Day of High School, London transfers to Zack and Cody's public school, "Cheevers High," due to being expelled from all of the private schools she had previously attended. She dislikes her step-moms (previous and current) and usually talks to Mr. Moseby and Maddie about her problems. When happy she always claps her hands repeatedly while saying her catchphrase, "Yay me!" She also has her own web show called Yay Me! Starring London Tipton that exists both within the program and in the real world.[7] London often refuses to go to school and even skipped detention twice. Though it seems like London may lead the ultimate rich-girl life, her childhood was not perfect. In the episode Arwinstein, she states she is allergic to lobster, although in one episode she asked Maddie for a lobster dinner. However, it is possible that she developed an allergy to lobster after the earlier episodes and before the later ones. It is also revealed in one episode that she must think about what she does before doing it. For example, she was walking through the lobby while thinking "left, right, blink, breathe" in the episode Super Twins (although this was Zack's dream). London is a shopaholic who shops to fill the void of lack of attention from her father.
Ashley Tisdale portrays Maddie Fitzpatrick, the teenage candy-counter girl at the Tipton Hotel, who throughout the series holds several other jobs/positions including a cashier at the Cluck Bucket, manager on the Camp Tipton Daycare Center, and counselor for her school's summer camp program – Camp Heaven on Earth. She also visits Antarctica during the series to help save the penguins. While she comes from a lower-class family, Maddie is very hard-working, outspoken, and intelligent. On the occasions that her selfish side comes out, she can be a bigger opportunist than London, though she always loses out when this side of her personality is shown. Like Esteban, it is shown she has an incredibly long name; in the episode "Pilot Your Own Life," it is revealed to be Madeline Margaret Genevieve Miranda Catherine Fitzpatrick.[8] She attends private school at "Our Lady of Perpetual Sorrow" and later attends "Cheevers High." Maddie is London's closest friend, though London often treats her like a servant, as in the episode Footloser, usually bribing her with money. Maddie also babysat Zack and Cody throughout season one. Zack has a huge crush on her in Season One, however the crush is less visible during the other two seasons. She is a strong supporter of environmental causes. She is left-handed. It is revealed that she has asthma. She also plays volleyball as seen in the episode "Volley Dad. She appeared sporadically throughout Season 3.
Phill Lewis portrays Mr. Marion Moseby, the stern and uptight manager of the Tipton Hotel, who speaks with a large vocabulary and an urbane vernacular, and is often annoyed by Zack's and Cody's schemes. It is later revealed that his first name is Marion and the majority of the other characters often made fun of his masculinity because of his feminine name, as well as his experience as a ballet dancer. His repeated catch phrases, "Good luck with that" or "Pish posh" have become his trademark. Though he acts as though he does not care about the boys, he actually has a great deal of affection for them. For example, when Mr. Moseby took the boys to a baseball game, he caught a ball for Cody, ultimately making Mr. Moseby "the most hated man in Boston". In the episode "The Ghost of 613," it is revealed that he started out at the Tipton as a bellhop back in the 1970s, and had a "voluminous 'fro". Mr. Moseby is more of a father to London than her own, because Mr. Tipton is seldom around. Moseby even taught London how to walk, her ABCs, and tried to teach her how to drive. He cares for London and treats her like his own child. He also helps London with any problems she is having. He was also known as the "Meanager," due to his stern persona. He has an older brother named Spencer, who is a little person (played by Dana Michael Woods), who is very wealthy and lactose intolerant. His mother's' name is Beulah Moseby, who favors Spencer, but still likes Marion. His grandmother is Rose Moseby (whom Phill Lewis also plays) who visits him in the episode "Nugget of History". He has a 16-year-old niece named Nia Moseby (played by Giovonnie Samuels) who comes to stay with him during the third season and temporarily replaces Maddie as candy counter girl, while she is in Antarctica.

tag: ul

text: Kim Rhodes portrays Carey Martin, the single working mother of Zack and Cody. She is the hotel's lounge singer, who sings beautifully. She and her sons traveled to several cities before arriving at the Boston Tipton Hotel, which she called the "best gig we've ever had." She was married to Kurt Martin, but they divorced after the twins were born for unstated reasons. Arwin has made it known on several occasions that he has a massive crush on her (a crush that didn't wane during the series' course). Whenever Carey kisses Arwin, he faints. When Zack and Cody have an argument, she tells them stories about her ex-boyfriends, much to their dismay.

text: Throughout the series' run, Brenda Song was absent for two episodes while Ashley Tisdale was absent from twelve episodes. All other main cast members appeared in all 87 episodes.

text: Recurring[edit]

text: Below is a list of cast members who have appeared in significant roles as recurring characters throughout the series. Each of the cast members listed has appeared in between 6 and 45 episodes and the list is ordered according to the number of episodes credited (highest number first).[9] A complete list of all characters who have appeared more than once is included at list of recurring characters in The Suite Life of Zack & Cody.

text:
Actor
Character
Seasons

1
2
3

Adrian R'Mante
Esteban Ramirez
Recurring

Brian Stepanek
Arwin Hawkhauser
Recurring

Charlie Stewart
Bob
Recurring

Estelle Harris
Muriel
Recurring

Guest

Aaron Musicant
Lance Fishman
Recurring

Sophie Oda
Barbara Brownstein
Recurring

Kara Taitz
Millicent

Recurring

Patrick Bristow
Patrick
Recurring

Adam Tait
Various characters

Recurring

Anthony Acker
Norman
Recurring

Camilla and Rebecca Rosso
Janice and Jessica

Recurring

Giovonnie Samuels
Nia Moseby

Recurring

Monique Coleman
Mary Margaret
Recurring

Alyson Stoner
Max
Recurring

Robert Torti
Kurt Martin
Recurring

Sharon Jordan
Irene
Recurring

text: Notable appearances[edit]

text:
Actor
Appearing as
Season
Episode

Moises Arias
Randall
2
Day Care

Cheryl Burke
Shannon
2
Loosely Ballroom

The Cheetah Girls
Themselves
3
Doin' Time in Suite 2330

Chris Brown
Himself
3
Doin' Time in Suite 2330

Miley Cyrus
Hannah Montana
2
That's So Suite Life of Hannah Montana

Michael Clarke Duncan
Coach Little
3
Benchwarmers

Daniella Monet
Dana
3
Benchwarmers

Zac Efron
Trevor
2
Odd Couples

Tony Hawk
Himself
3
Foiled Again

Mark Indelicato
Antonio
3
Lip Synchin' in the Rain

Kathryn Joosten
Grandma Marilyn
2
Not So Suite 16

Victoria Justice
Rebecca
1
The Fairest of Them All

Nathan Kress
Jamie
2
Back in the Game

Meaghan Jette Martin
Stacey
3
Sleepover Suite

Jesse McCartney
Himself
1
Rock Star in the House

Daryl Mitchell
Daryl
2
Back in the Game

Tahj Mowry
Brandon
2
Scary Movie

Kathy Najimy
Principal Milletidge
3
First Day of High School

Kay Panabaker
Amber
3
First Day of High School

Tom Poston
Merle
2
Ah! Wilderness

Raven-Symoné
Raven Baxter
2
That's So Suite Life of Hannah Montana

Drew Seeley
Geoffrey
3
Romancing the Phone

Jaden Smith
Travis
3
Romancing the Phone

Mindy Sterling
Sister Rose
2
Volley Dad

The Veronicas
Themselves
2
The Suite Life Goes Hollywood Part 2

D. C. Douglas
Snooty Interviewer
2
Books & Birdhouses

text: Episodes[edit]

text: The 2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike resulted in the series being on hiatus. When the strike ended, new episodes began airing on April 19, 2008. The show eventually ended for good with its series finale, a total of three seasons and 87 episodes on September 1, 2008.[10]

text:
Season
Episodes
Originally aired

First aired
Last aired

1
26
March 18, 2005 (2005-03-18)
January 27, 2006 (2006-01-27)

2
39
February 3, 2006 (2006-02-03)
June 2, 2007 (2007-06-02)

3
22
June 23, 2007 (2007-06-23)
September 1, 2008 (2008-09-01)

text: Crossover with That's So Raven and Hannah Montana[edit]

text: The episode "That's So Suite Life of Hannah Montana" is the second part of a three-way crossover that begins on That's So Raven and concludes on Hannah Montana. Raven Baxter meets Zack and Cody as she visits the Tipton Hotel to do a photo shoot promoting a new fashion line for boys, only to have a troubling psychic vision of Cody. In the meantime, London refuses to wear one of Raven's original designs until Hannah Montana stops by and shows an interest in the fashions.

text: Settings[edit]

text: The Tipton Hotel is where Zack, Cody, Carey, and London all live, and where the majority of the other characters in the series work. It is the main setting for the series. The Tipton Hotel is located in Boston, Massachusetts. Hotel Vancouver is used for the exterior of the hotel.

text: In the episode "Let Us Entertain You", Zack, Cody, and Carey spent a week vacationing on board the SS Tipton. It is also the setting of the sequel series, The Suite Life on Deck. The first time the SS Tipton is referenced is in the episode, "To Catch a Thief". While Maddie talks to London on the phone a life preserver with the words "S.S. Tipton" can be seen in the background.

text: The twins' Middle School. The school's mascot is a badger.

text: In the scene outside of the school where a few students are walking between two buildings shows "The Mall" area that's located in Lincoln Park High School, in Chicago, Illinois. Some of the students that attend Buckner were Max, Bob, and Agnes. Carey would come sit outside of the detention area while Zack was being punished. She said when she was outside the principal's office at Cheevers High that, "Thanks to Zack, I knitted 32 sweaters and an afghan."

text: The name comes from former-Boston Red Sox first baseman Bill Buckner.

text: Maddie and Mary Margaret (Monique Coleman) attended this private school in season one. Later in season two, Corrie (Vanessa Hudgens) and Leslie (Kaycee Stroh) were added to the minor cast, with London also attending the school in season two. In season three, London, Maddie, and Leslie no longer attend Our Lady. External shots of Our Lady of Perpetual Sorrow Catholic School are of University College at the University of Toronto in Canada.

text: Zack and Cody work at the Paul Revere mini mart for the manager, Wayne Wormser. The mini mart's motto is, "The savings are coming! The savings are coming!" It is across the street from another mini mart with a patriotic name and theme, The Betsy Ross Stop and Shop, which is run by Wormser's business enemy and fierce rival.

text: The summer camp where Maddie works over the summer. The only part of the camp shown is the cabin in which Maddie and the young girls stay.

text: Where Zack, Cody, London, Maddie, and Nia attend along with other students including Barbara, Bob, and Mark. This setting was used in "Lip Synchin' in the Rain," "First Day of High School," "Orchestra," and "Benchwarmers." John Marshall High School (Los Angeles, California) is shown in a snapshot as Cheevers High School.

text: Scenes also take place in several other places in Boston, including Fenway Park, a movie theater, Maddie's apartment, the local shopping mall, a bowling alley (The same bowling alley was used to film a scene from the Hannah Montana episode, "People Who Use People"),[12] a miniature golf course, Kurt's apartment, Mr. Moseby's condo, the Goose Lodge, Liberty Park, an apartment where Maddie and her friends painted for a poor family for community service, Arwin's apartment, camp Knock-a-Number, the forest that has Merele's cabin, Kurt's tour bus, the shop where Maddie demanded London give her inhaler, an art museum, a dance club, an alley with a garbage container, a pizza restaurant, Theo's home, the "Risk It All" studio, the Cluck Bucket, an aptitude company, and the restaurant where Wayne "dates" London. There are even two episodes that take place in Hollywood, which includes a movie studio, LAX, a beach, Sunset Blvd, Hollywood Blvd, and the Tipton Los Angeles.

text: Theme song and opening sequence[edit]

text: The show's theme song, "Here I Am," was written by John Adair and Steve Hampton (who also wrote the theme for the show's spinoff The Suite Life on Deck, as well as for fellow Disney Channel series Phil of the Future, Wizards of Waverly Place, Good Luck Charlie, Shake It Up, Sonny with a Chance, Jonas, So Random!, A.N.T. Farm, PrankStars, and Austin & Ally and the ABC Kids series Power Rangers: RPM), with music composed by Gary Scott (who also composed the music cues to signal scene changes and promo breaks, which are styled similarly to the theme), and is performed by Loren Ellis and the Drew Davis Band (who also performed the theme to Phil of the Future, and whose performance is uncredited). The theme was remixed for the ending credits of "Rock Star in the House" in a form similar to "Beautiful Soul" to accompany the episode's guest appearance of Jesse McCartney.

text: The opening title sequence to the show begins with a shot of the Tipton Hotel's ground floor exterior, which then zooms to a window on what is presumed to be the 23rd Floor of the hotel (where Zack, Cody and Carey's suite is), which then displays clips from various episodes (which were updated for each season), with five clips featuring each cast member being shown after the computerized Tipton hotel exterior shoots from window to window. The sequence then closes with the show's title logo (a door plaque with the words "The Suite Life" with a piece of paper with the words "of Zack and Cody", made to look as if drawn by differently colored crayons, attached to it), which was accompanied by the Disney logo atop the title logo for the third season (all Disney Channel sitcoms made from 2007 onwards feature the Disney logo above the title logo). Starting with season two, the cast members and creators' names were displayed with a yellow glow around the text.

text: Sequel series and film[edit]

text: The Suite Life on Deck is a sequel to The Suite Life of Zack & Cody, that debuted on Disney Channel on September 26, 2008, set on a cruise ship with Zack, Cody, and London attending a semester-at-sea program, while Mr. Moseby manages the ship. Debby Ryan joins the cast as Bailey Pickett, who becomes Zack and Cody's friend (and Cody's girlfriend) and London's friend and roommate.[13] The series also introduces Doc Shaw as Marcus Little, a former superstar who lost his fame after his voice changed. While an attempted spin-off, Arwin!, which was to star Selena Gomez and Brian Stepanek, was not picked up by Disney Channel,[14] The Suite Life on Deck skipped the pilot process and went straight to the series.

text: On September 20, 2010, Disney Channel announced that production has begun for a Disney Channel Original Movie based on The Suite Life of Zack & Cody and The Suite Life on Deck.[15]

text: The Suite Life Movie premiered on the Disney Channel in the United States and Canada on March 25, 2011.[16] The Suite Life on Deck eventually ended on May 6, 2011.

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text:
Year
Award
Category
Recipient
Result

2006
Young Hollywood Awards
Superstar of Tomorrow
Brenda Song
Won[17]

Role Model Award
Brenda Song
Won[17]

Asian Excellence Awards
Outstanding Newcomer Award
Brenda Song
Nominated[18]

Young Artist Awards
Best Performance In A TV Series (Comedy or Drama) – Leading Young Actor
Cole & Dylan Sprouse
Nominated[19]

Emmy Awards
Outstanding Choreography
Travis Payne (Episode Commercial Breaks)
Nominated[20]

2007
2007 Kids' Choice Awards
Favorite TV Show
The Suite Life of Zack & Cody
Nominated[21][22]

Favorite TV Actor
Cole Sprouse
Nominated[21][22]

Young Artist Awards
Best Performance In A TV Series (Comedy or Drama) – Leading Young Actor
Cole Sprouse
Nominated[23]

Dylan Sprouse
Nominated[23]

Best Performance In A TV Series (Comedy or Drama) – Guest Starring Young Actress
Alyson Stoner
Nominated[23]

Sammi Hanratty
Nominated[23]

Monet Monico
Won[23]

Best Performance In A TV Series (Comedy or Drama) – Recurring Young Actor
Charley Stewart
Nominated[23]

Best Performance In A TV Series (Comedy or Drama) – Recurring Young Actress
Sophie Oda
Nominated[23]

Best Family Television Series (Comedy)
The Suite Life of Zack and Cody
Won[23]

Emmy Awards
Outstanding Children's Program
The Suite Life of Zack & Cody
Nominated[24]

2008
2008 Kids' Choice Awards
Favorite TV Show
The Suite Life of Zack & Cody
Nominated[25][26]

Favorite TV Actor
Cole Sprouse
Nominated[25][26]

Dylan Sprouse
Nominated[25][26]

2008 UK Kids' Choice Awards
Favorite Kids' TV Show
The Suite Life of Zack & Cody
Nominated[27][28]

Favorite Male TV Star
Dylan Sprouse
Nominated[27][28]

2008 Australian Kids' Choice Awards
Fave International TV Star
Ashley Tisdale
Nominated[29][30]

Young Artist Awards
Best Performance In A TV Series – Recurring Young Actress
Sammi Hanratty
Nominated[31]

Alyson Stoner
Nominated[31]

Emmy Awards
Outstanding Children's Program
The Suite Life of Zack and Cody
Nominated[32]

2009
2009 Kids' Choice Awards
Favorite TV Show
The Suite Life of Zack & Cody
Nominated[33][34]

Favorite TV Actor
Cole Sprouse
Nominated[33][34]

Dylan Sprouse
Won[34]

Young Artist Awards
Best Performance in a TV series – Guest Starring Young Actor
Hunter Gomez
Nominated[35]

The 10th Annual Crown Awards
Best Hairstyle on Television
Brenda Song
Won[36]

text: Indian adaptation[edit]

text: An Indian adaptation of the show, titled The Suite Life of Karan & Kabir, premiered on Disney Channel India on April 8, 2012. It ran for two seasons and ended on January 19, 2014.[37]

text: Syndication[edit]

text: In 2005, ABC's child block ABC Kids aired The Suite Life of Zack and Cody until its closing in 2011. Then it become Toon Disney's first live-action comedy program in 2008. After Toon Disney's closing, they showed reruns on Disney XD. As of June 22, 2015, re-runs air on Disney Channel from 1-2 am eastern and from 4-5 am eastern. As of Fall 2015, re-runs air on Disney Channel at 1:30am eastern and 4:30am eastern.

text: International release[edit]

text: The Suite Life of Zack & Cody is broadcast on the following stations (and many others) around the world:

text:
Country / region
Network(s)
Series premiere
Title in country
Source(s)

 Australia
 New Zealand
Disney Channel Australia & New Zealand
April 15, 2005
The Suite Life of Zack & Cody
[38]

 Canada
Family Channel
September 3, 2005
[39]

Disney XD (Canada)
June 1, 2011
[40]

 United States
Disney Channel
March 18, 2005
N/A

ABC Kids
September 17, 2005

Toon Disney
September 1, 2008

Disney XD
February 13, 2009

text: DVD releases[edit]

text:
DVD Title
Release Date
Episodes Featured
Bonus Features

Disney Channel Holiday
November 1, 2005
*Christmas at the Tipton (Season 1)
Plus episodes from Phil of the Future, Lizzie McGuire, That's So Raven, Even Stevens and Kim Possible.

Volume 1: Taking Over the Tipton
USA: July 18, 2006
AUS: July 1, 2008[41]
*Rock Star in the House (Season 1)
*Kisses & Basketball (Season 1)
*Odd Couples (Season 2)
*French 101 (Season 2)
*Never Before Seen Episode: A Midsummer's Nightmare (Season 2)
*Behind The Scenes Featurette

That's So Suite Life of Hannah Montana
USA: January 16, 2007
AUS: July 2, 2008[42]
*Checkin' Out (That's So Raven, Season 4)
*That's So Suite Life of Hannah Montana (The Suite Life of Zack & Cody, Season 2)
*On The Road Again (Hannah Montana, Season 1)
*So You Think You Know Raven Challenge, Volume 2
*Never Before Seen Episode of The Suite Life of Zack & Cody (Health and Fitness, Season 2)
*Who Said by Miley Cyrus

Volume 2: Sweet Suite Victory
USA: August 7, 2007
AUS: October 21, 2008[43]
*Band In Boston (Season 1)
*Election (Season 2)
*Not So Suite 16 (Season 2)
The Suite Life's Sweet Lift Challenge hosted by Brenda Song
Gag reel

Wish Gone Amiss
USA: November 27, 2007
AUS: October 21, 2008[44]
*Gone Wishin' (Cory in the House, Season 1)
*Super Twins (The Suite Life of Zack and Cody, Season 3)
*When You Wish You Were the Star (Hannah Montana, Season 2)
*I Wish I May, I Wish I Might: A Guide to Making Wishes hosted by Jason Earles

Volume 3: Lip Synchin' in the Rain
June 17, 2008
*Lip Synchin' in the Rain (Season 3)
*The Arwin That Came to Dinner (Season 3)
*A Tale of Two Houses (Season 3)
*Orchestra (Season 3)
*'Twin-Tastic' – Get the 411 on everything twins
*Gag reel

text: All episodes of the show are available on iTunes and Zune.

text: The Complete First Season was released to Germany and Brazil on November 13, 2008. Turkey on December 30, 2009 by Disney DVD. and Greece on September 9, 2010 by Sony Pictures.[45]

text: According to Amazon.com, all three seasons of the show will be released, however no release dates have been announced.

text: Episodes in the DVD "Lip Syncin' in the Rain" include a French Language dub for French Canadians

text: Other media[edit]

text: Novels[edit]

text: Like many Disney Channel Original Series, The Suite Life of Zack & Cody had a number of novels based on episodes of the series, as well as original books. The following list of novels is based on information from the Barnes & Noble website[46] and List of The Suite Life of Zack and Cody episodes. A inspired stories book set, based on the show was released in 2007.

text:
#
Novel title
Published
Based on episode

1
Hotel Hangout
May 2006
Hotel Hangout

2
Double Trouble
May 2006
Maddie Checks In

3
The Room of Doom
August 2006
The Ghost of Suite 613

4
Zack Attack
November 2006
Footloser

5
Check It Out
February 2007
Hotel Inspector

6
Star Crazy
November 2007
Rock Star in the House

text: Merchandise[edit]

text: The series has spawned three video games entitled The Suite Life of Zack & Cody: Tipton Caper for the Game Boy Advance, The Suite Life of Zack & Cody: Tipton Trouble, and The Suite Life of Zack & Cody: Circle of Spies for the Nintendo DS. They were developed by Artificial Mind and Movement and published by Buena Vista Games, with the exception of Circle of Spies, which was published by Disney Interactive Studios.

text: Disney Press has released several books based on the shows including The Suite Life of Zack & Cody: Tipton Caper, The Suite Life of Zack & Cody: Tipton Trouble, and The Suite Life of Zack & Cody: Circle of Spies novels based on the television episode and the video game.[47] A calendar for the show, Disney The Suite Life of Zack and Cody 2008 Calendar[48] has been released. Merchandise based on the series are sold exclusively at Amazon.com, Wal-Mart, Sears, Macy's, and several other retailers. They include clothing (such as pajamas[49] and tee shirts),[50] bags (tote bags, backpacks, etc.), bedding collection,[51][52] and toys.[53]

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text: A soundtrack for the show was announced to be released around Summer 2008. It would have featured songs from and inspired from the show, including songs from Ashley Tisdale, Brenda Song, Jesse McCartney, and Raven-Symoné. This idea was scrapped as of 2017.


document_title: Lake Ontario

question_text: when was the last time lake ontario frozen over

root

text: Lake Ontario

text: Geography[edit]

text: Lake Ontario is the easternmost of the Great Lakes and the smallest in surface area (7,340 sq mi, 18,960 km2),[1] although it exceeds Lake Erie in volume (393 cu mi, 1,639 km3). It is the 14th largest lake in the world. When its islands are included, the lake has a shoreline that is 712 miles (1,146 km) long. As the last lake in the Great Lakes' hydrologic chain, Lake Ontario has the lowest mean surface elevation of the lakes at 243 feet (74 m)[2] above sea level; 326 feet (99 m) lower than its neighbor upstream. Its maximum length is 193 statute miles (311 kilometres; 168 nautical miles) and its maximum width is 53 statute miles (85 km; 46 nmi).[2] The lake's average depth is 47 fathoms 1 foot (283 ft; 86 m), with a maximum depth of 133 fathoms 4 feet (802 ft; 244 m).[2][3] The lake's primary source is the Niagara River, draining Lake Erie, with the St. Lawrence River serving as the outlet. The drainage basin covers 24,720 square miles (64,030 km2).[1][5] As with all the Great Lakes, water levels change both within the year (owing to seasonal changes in water input) and among years (owing to longer term trends in precipitation). These water level fluctuations are an integral part of lake ecology, and produce and maintain extensive wetlands.[6][7] The lake also has an important freshwater fishery, although it has been negatively affected by factors including over-fishing, water pollution and invasive species.[8]

tag: p

text: Baymouth bars built by prevailing winds and currents have created a significant number of lagoons and sheltered harbors, mostly near (but not limited to) Prince Edward County, Ontario and the easternmost shores. Perhaps the best-known example is Toronto Bay, chosen as the site of the Upper Canada (Ontario) capital for its strategic harbour. Other prominent examples include Hamilton Harbour, Irondequoit Bay, Presqu'ile Bay, and Sodus Bay. The bars themselves are the sites of long beaches, such as Sandbanks Provincial Park and Sandy Island Beach State Park. These sand bars are often associated with large wetlands, which support large numbers of plant and animal species, as well as providing important rest areas for migratory birds.[9][10] Presqu'ile, on the north shore of Lake Ontario, is particularly significant in this regard. One unique feature of the lake is the Z-shaped Bay of Quinte which separates Prince Edward County from the Ontario mainland, save for a 2-mile (3.2 km) isthmus near Trenton; this feature also supports many wetlands and aquatic plants, as well as associated fisheries.

text: Major rivers draining into Lake Ontario include the Niagara River, Don River, Humber River, Trent River, Cataraqui River, Genesee River, Oswego River, Black River, Little Salmon River, and the Salmon River.

text: Geology[edit]

text: The lake basin was carved out of soft, weak Silurian-age rocks by the Wisconsin ice sheet during the last ice age. The action of the ice occurred along the pre-glacial Ontarian River valley which had approximately the same orientation as today's basin. Material that was pushed southward by the ice sheet left landforms such as drumlins, kames, and moraines, both on the modern land surface and the lake bottom,[15] reorganizing the region's entire drainage system. As the ice sheet retreated toward the north, it still dammed the St. Lawrence valley outlet, so that the lake surface was at a higher level. This stage is known as Lake Iroquois. During that time the lake drained through present-day Syracuse, New York into the Mohawk River, thence to the Hudson River and the Atlantic. The shoreline created during this stage can be easily recognized by the (now dry) beaches and wave-cut hills 10 to 25 miles (15 to 40 km) from the present shoreline.

text: When the ice finally receded from the St. Lawrence valley, the outlet was below sea level, and for a short time the lake became a bay of the Atlantic Ocean, in association with the Champlain Sea. Gradually the land rebounded from the release of the weight of about 6,500 feet (2,000 m) of ice that had been stacked on it. It is still rebounding about 12 inches (30 cm) per century in the St. Lawrence area. Since the ice receded from the area last, the most rapid rebound still occurs there. This means that the lake bed is gradually tilting southward, inundating the south shore and turning river valleys into bays. Both north and south shores experience shoreline erosion, but the tilting amplifies this effect on the south shore, causing loss to property owners.

text: History[edit]

text: The name Ontario is derived from the Huron word Ontarí'io, which means "great lake". The lake was a border between the Huron people and the Iroquois Confederacy in the pre-Columbian era. In the 1600s, the Iroquois drove out the Huron from southern Ontario and settled the northern shores of Lake Ontario. When the Iroquois withdrew and the Anishnabeg / Ojibwa / Mississaugas moved in from the north to southern Ontario, they retained the Iroquois name.[16]

text: It is believed that the first European to reach the lake was Étienne Brûlé in 1615. As was their practice, the French explorers introduced other names for the lake. In 1632 and 1656, the lake was referred to as Lac de St. Louis or Lake St. Louis by Samuel de Champlain and cartographer Nicolas Sanson respectively (likely for Louis XIV of France)[17] In 1660 Jesuit historian Francis Creuxius coined the name Lacus Ontarius. In a map drawn in the Relation des Jésuites (1662–1663), the lake bears the legend "Lac Ontario ou des Iroquois" with the name "Ondiara" in smaller type. A French map produced in 1712 (currently in the Canadian Museum of History[18]), created by military engineer Jean-Baptiste de Couagne, identified Lake Ontario as "Lac Frontenac" named after Louis de Buade, Comte de Frontenac et de Palluau. He was a French soldier, courtier, and Governor General of New France from 1672 to 1682 and from 1689 to his death in 1698.

text: Artifacts which are believed to be of Norse origin have been found in the area of Sodus Bay, indicating the possibility of trading by the indigenous peoples with Norse explorers on the east coast of North America.[19]

text: A series of trading posts were established by both the British and French, such as Fort Frontenac (Kingston) in 1673, Fort Oswego in 1722, Fort Rouillé (Toronto) in 1750. After the French and Indian War, all forts around the lake were under British control. The United States did not take possession of forts on present-day American territory until the signing of the Jay Treaty in 1794. Permanent, non-military European settlement began during the American Revolution. As the easternmost and nearest lake to the Atlantic seaboard of Canada and the United States, population centres here are among the oldest in the Great Lakes basin, with Kingston, Ontario, formerly the capital of Canada, dating to the 1670s (Fort Frontenac). The lake became a hub of commercial activity following the War of 1812 with canal building on both sides of the border and heavy travel by lake steamers. Steamer activity peaked in the mid-19th century before competition from railway lines.

text: In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a type of scow known as a stone hooker was in operation on the north-west shore, particularly around Port Credit and Bronte. Stonehooking was the practice of raking flat fragments of Dundas shale from the shallow lake floor of the area for use in construction, particularly in the growing city of Toronto.[20]

text: Ecology and environmental concerns[edit]

text: The Great Lakes watershed is a region of high biodiversity, and Lake Ontario is important for its diversity of birds, fish, reptiles amphibians and plants. Many of these special species are associated with shorelines, particularly sand dunes, lagoons, and wetlands. The importance of wetlands to the lake has been appreciated, and many of the larger wetlands have protected status. However, these wetlands are changing in part because the natural water level fluctuations have been reduced. Many wetland plants are dependent upon low water levels to reproduce.[21] When water levels are stabilized, the area and diversity of the marsh is reduced. This is particularly true of meadow marsh (also known as wet meadow wetlands); for example, in Eel Bay near Alexandria Bay, regulation of lake levels has resulted in large losses of wet meadow.[22] Often this is accompanied by the invasion of cattails, which displace many of the native plant species and reduce plant diversity. Eutrophication may accelerate this process by providing nitrogen and phosphorus for the more rapid growth of competitively dominant plants.[23] Similar effects are occurring on the north shore, in wetlands such as Presqu'ile, which have interdunal wetlands called pannes, with high plant diversity and many unusual plant species.[24]

text: Most of the forests around the lake are deciduous forests dominated by trees including maple, oak, beech, ash and basswood. These are classified as part of the Mixedwood Plains Ecozone by Environment Canada, or as the Eastern Great Lakes and Hudson Lowlands by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, or as the Great Lakes Ecoregion by The Nature Conservancy.[25] Deforestation in the vicinity of the lake has had many negative impacts,[26] including loss of forest birds, extinction of native salmon, and increased amounts of sediment flowing into the lake. In some areas more than 90 percent of the forest cover has been removed and replaced by agriculture. Certain tree species, such as hemlock, have also been particularly depleted by past logging activity.[27] Guidelines for restoration stress the importance of maintaining and restoring forest cover, particularly along streams and wetlands.[28][29]

text: The open water is less-affected by shoreline features, such as wetlands, and more affected by nutrient levels that control the production of algae. Algae are the basis of the open water food web, and the source of primary production that ends up as Lake Trout and Walleye at the top of the open water food web.

text: Like the other Great Lakes, Lake Ontario used to have an important commercial fishery. It has been largely destroyed, mostly by over-fishing. Consider the Lake Sturgeon as but one example. Lake sturgeon are huge fish—they can grow up to three meters long and exceed 190 kg in weight. The females mature slowly and require decades to reach sexual maturity. It was once an abundant species in Lake Ontario. "In 1860, this species, taken on incidental catches of other fishes, was killed and dumped back in the lake, piled up on shore to dry and be burned, fed to pigs, or dug into the earth as fertilizer."[30] It was even stacked like cordwood and used to fuel steamboats. Once its value was realized, "They were taken by every available means from spearing and jigging to set lines of baited or unbaited hooks laid on the bottom to trapnets, poundnets and gillnets."[30] Over 5 million pounds were taken from adjoining Lake Erie in a single year. The fishery collapsed, largely by 1900. They have never recovered. Like most sturgeons, the lake sturgeon is rare now, and is protected in many areas. Populations in the Oswego River are being actively managed for recovery.

text: This food web has been damaged not only by over-fishing, and changes in nutrient levels, but also by other types of pollution from industrial chemicals, agricultural fertilizers, untreated sewage, phosphates from laundry detergents, and pesticides. Some pollutant chemicals that have been found in the lake include DDT, benzo[a]pyrene and other pesticides; PCBs, aramite, chromium, lead, mirex, mercury, and carbon tetrachloride. The International Joint Commission has identified areas where pollution is particularly intense (point sources) and mapped them as Areas of Concern. A Remedial Action Plan has been developed for each area. Some Lake Ontario areas of concern include the Oswego River and Rochester Embayment on the American side, and Hamilton Harbour and Toronto on the Canadian side.[citation needed]

text: By the 1960s and 1970s, the increased pollution caused frequent algal blooms to occur in the summer.[8] These blooms killed large numbers of fish, and left decomposing piles of filamentous algae and dead fish along the shores.[31] At times the blooms became so thick that waves could not break. Fish eating birds such as osprey, bald eagle and cormorant were being poisoned by contaminated fish. Since the 1960s and 1970s, environmental concerns have forced a cleanup of industrial and municipal wastes. Cleanup has been accomplished through better treatment plants, tighter environmental regulations, deindustrialization and increased public awareness. Today, Lake Ontario has recovered some of its pristine quality; for example, walleye, a fish species considered as a marker of clean water, are now found. However, regional airshed pollution remains a concern. The lake has also become an important sport fishery, although with introduced species (Coho and Chinook salmon) rather than the native species. Bald eagle and osprey populations are also beginning to recover.

text: Invasive species are a problem for Lake Ontario, particularly lamprey and zebra mussels. Lamprey are being controlled by poisoning in the juvenile stage in the streams where they breed. Zebra mussels in particular are difficult to control, and pose major challenges for the lake and its waterways.

text: Climate[edit]

text: The lake has a natural seiche rhythm of eleven minutes. The seiche effect normally is only about 3⁄4 inches (2 cm) but can be greatly amplified by earth movement, winds, and atmospheric pressure changes.

text: Because of its great depth, the lake as a whole never freezes in winter, but an ice sheet covering between 10% and 90% of the lake area typically develops, depending on the severity of the winter. Ice sheets typically form along the shoreline and in slack water bays, where the lake is not as deep. During the winters of 1877 and 1878, the ice sheet coverage was up to 95–100% in most of the lake. In the winter of 1812, the ice cover was stable enough that the American naval commander stationed at Sackets Harbor feared a British attack from Kingston, over the ice.

text: When the cold winds of winter pass over the warmer water of the lake, they pick up moisture and drop it as lake-effect snow. Since the prevailing winter winds are from the northwest, the southern and southeastern shoreline of the lake is referred to as the snowbelt. In some winters the area between Oswego and Pulaski may receive twenty or more feet (600 cm) of snowfall. Also impacted by lake-effect snow is the Tug Hill Plateau, an area of elevated land that is about 20 miles (32 km) east of Lake Ontario, creating ideal conditions for lake-effect snowfall. The "Hill", as it is often referred to, typically receives more snow than any other region in the eastern United States. As a result, Tug Hill is a popular location for winter enthusiasts, such as snow-mobilers and cross-country skiers. Lake-effect snow often extends inland as far as Syracuse, with that city often recording the most winter snowfall accumulation of any large city in the United States. Other cities in the world receive more snow annually, such as Quebec City, which averages 135 inches (340 cm), and Sapporo, Japan, which receives 250 inches (640 cm) each year and is often regarded as the snowiest city in the world. Foggy conditions (particularly in fall) can be created by thermal contrasts and can be an impediment for recreational boaters. In a normal winter, Lake Ontario will be at most one quarter ice-covered, in a mild winter almost completely unfrozen. Lake Ontario has completely frozen over on five recorded occasions: from about January 20 to about March 20, 1830;[32] in 1874;[33] in 1893;[33] in 1912;[33] and in February 1934.[33]

text: Lake breezes in spring tend to retard fruit bloom until the frost danger is past, and in the autumn delay the onset of fall frost, particularly on the south shore. Cool onshore winds also retard early bloom of plants and flowers until later in the spring season, protecting them from possible frost damage. Such microclimatic effects have enabled tender fruit production in a continental climate, with the southwest shore supporting a major fruit-growing area. Apples, cherries, pears, plums, and peaches are grown in many commercial orchards around Rochester. Between Stoney Creek and Niagara-on-the-Lake on the Niagara Peninsula is a major fruit-growing and wine-making area. The wine-growing region extends over the international border into Niagara and Orleans counties. Apple varieties that tolerate a more extreme climate are grown on the lake's north shore, around Cobourg.

text: Settlements[edit]

text: A large conurbation called the Golden Horseshoe occupies the lake's westernmost shores, anchored by the cities of Toronto and Hamilton. Ports on the Canadian side include St. Catharines, Oshawa, Cobourg and Kingston, near the St. Lawrence River outlet. Close to 9 million people or over a quarter of Canada's population lives within the watershed of Lake Ontario. The American shore is largely rural, with the exception of Rochester and the much smaller ports at Oswego and Sackets Harbor. The city of Syracuse is 40 miles (64 km) inland, connected to the lake by the New York State Canal System. Over 2 million people live in Lake Ontario's American watershed.

text: A high-speed passenger/vehicle ferry, the Spirit of Ontario I, operated between Toronto and Rochester from June 17, 2004, to January 10, 2006, when the service was cancelled. The Crystal Lynn II, out of Irondequoit, New York, has been operating between Irondequoit Bay and Henderson, New York since May 2000, operated by Capt. Bob Tein.

text:
Toronto
Mississauga
Hamilton
Burlington
Oshawa
Kingston
Whitby
Stoney Creek
Grimsby
Oakville
St. Catharines
Port Hope
Cobourg
Brighton
Pickering
Ajax
Bowmanville
Belleville
Trenton
Niagara-on-the-Lake

text:
Rochester
Greece
Irondequoit
Webster
Oswego
Fair Haven
Sackets Harbor
Cape Vincent
Three Mile Bay
Wilson
Chaumont

text: Ocean and lake navigation[edit]

text: The Great Lakes Waterway connects the lake sidestream to the Atlantic Ocean via the St. Lawrence Seaway, and upstream to the other rivers in the chain via the Welland Canal and to Lake Erie. The Trent-Severn Waterway for pleasure boats connects Lake Ontario at the Bay of Quinte to Georgian Bay (Lake Huron), via Lake Simcoe. The Oswego Canal connects the lake at Oswego to the New York State Canal System, with outlets to the Hudson River, Lake Erie, and Lake Champlain.

text: The Rideau Canal, also for pleasure boats, connects Lake Ontario at Kingston to the Ottawa River in downtown Ottawa, Ontario.

text: Lighthouses[edit]

text:
Beach Canal Lighthouse
Braddock Point Light
Charlotte-Genesee Lighthouse
Gibraltar Point Lighthouse
Oswego Harbor West Pierhead Light
Presqu'ile Lighthouse
Selkirk Lighthouse
Sodus Point Light
Stony Point Light
Thirty Mile Point Light

text: Islands[edit]

text: Nearly all of Lake Ontario's islands are located on the eastern and north-eastern shores, between the Prince Edward County headland and the lake's outlet at Kingston. The Toronto Islands on the north-western shore are the remnants of a sand spit formed by coastal erosion, whereas the mostly larger eastern islands are underlain by the basement rock found throughout the region. The largest island, is Wolfe Island, at the east end of the lake. It is accessible by ferry from both Canada and the U.S.

text:
Toronto Islands
Wolfe Island
Association Island
Galloo Island – and nearby Little Galloo Island, Calf Island, and Stony Island
Amherst Island
Simcoe Island
Garden Island
Grenadier Island
Waupoos Island
Nicholson Island
Big Island

text: Other topics[edit]

text: The Great Lakes Circle Tour and Seaway Trail are designated scenic road systems connecting all of the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River.[34] As the Seaway Trail is posted on the U.S. side only, Lake Ontario is the only of the five Great Lakes to have no posted bi-national circle tour.

text: In the 1800s, there were reports of an alleged creature, similar to the so-called Loch Ness Monster, being sighted in the lake. The creature is described as large with a long neck, green in colour, and generally causes a break in the surface waves.[35][36][37]

text: Swims across the lake[edit]

text: As of 2012[update], nearly 50 people have successfully swum across the lake.[38] The first person who accomplished the feat was Marilyn Bell, who did it in 1954 at the age of 16. Toronto's Marilyn Bell Park is named in her honour. The park opened in 1984, and is located just to the east of the spot where Bell completed her swim.[39] In 1974, Diana Nyad became the first person who swam across the lake against the current (from north to south).[40] On August 28, 2007, 14-year-old Natalie Lambert from Kingston, Ontario, made the swim, leaving Sackets Harbor, New York, and reaching Kingston's Confederation basin less than 24 hours after she entered the lake.[41] On August 19, 2012, 14-year-old Annaleise Carr became the youngest person to swim across the lake. She completed the 32-mile (52-km) crossing from Niagara-on-the-Lake to Marilyn Bell Park in just under 27 hours.[42]

text: Industrialisation[edit]

text: The government of Ontario, which holds the lakebed rights of the Canadian portion of the lake under the Beds of Navigable Waters Act,[43] currently does not permit off-shore wind power to be generated offshore.[44] In Trillium Power Wind Corporation v. Ontario (Natural Resources),[43] the Superior Court of Justice held that Trillium Power—since 2004 an "Applicant of Record" who had invested $35,000 in fees and, when in 2011 the Crown made a policy decision against offshore windfarms, claimed an injury of $2.25 billion—disclosed no reasonable cause of action.

text: While the Great Lakes once supported an industrial-scale fishery, with record hauls in 1899, overfishing later blighted the industry.[45] Today only recreational fishing activities exist.

text: Images[edit]

text:
Satellite image during late autumn

The lake seen from dead end of Dutch St.; Huron, New York (A sparsely populated neighboring town of Wolcott, New York)

Sandbanks Provincial Park

Bathers at Southwick Beach State Park, eastern shore of Lake Ontario, New York State

Sodus Outer Light, Sodus Bay, New York

View of Lake Ontario from Toronto's CN Tower, showing Toronto Harbour, Toronto Islands, and the island airport

Pier in Oakville, Ontario

Sculpture at top of Scarborough Bluffs

Scarborough Bluffs

Lake Ontario from Prince Edward County, Ontario