document_title: The Place Beyond the Pines

question_text: when is the place beyond the pines set

question_tokens: when is the place beyond the pines set

text: The Place Beyond the Pines

text: Plot[edit]

text: In 1997, Luke Glanton (Gosling) is a motorcycle stuntman. In Schenectady, New York, Luke reunites with his ex-lover Romina Gutierrez (Mendes), who is dating another man named Kofi Kancam (Ali). Luke discovers that Romina has a baby son named Jason that he fathered which she never revealed to him, so Luke quits his job to stay with Romina and their son.

text: Luke begins working part-time for auto mechanic Robin Van Der Hook (Mendelsohn). Luke asks Robin for more work, and Robin offers to partner with Luke in robbing banks. Luke and Robin successfully rob a few banks, with Luke performing the robbery and using his motorcycle as a getaway vehicle, hiding it in a box truck driven by Robin.

text:
Luke gives his share of the money to Romina, and visits her and his son more often. Luke takes Romina and Jason out for ice cream, and the three ask a passerby to take a photo to capture the moment.
Luke and Kofi, who objects to Luke’s presence, get into a fight, and Luke is arrested after hitting Kofi in the head with a wrench. After Robin bails him out of jail, Luke gives his savings to Romina to give to Jason when he's older. Luke insists on resuming their bank robberies, but Robin objects, and the two have a falling-out that results in Robin dismantling Luke’s motorcycle. Luke robs Robin at gunpoint, and uses the money to buy a new bike.

text: Luke attempts to rob a bank alone, but is pursued by police. Luke is cornered in a house by rookie police officer Avery Cross (Cooper) and calls Romina, asking her not to tell Jason who he was. Avery enters the room and shoots Luke in the stomach. Luke fires back, hitting Avery in the leg, but falls out the window to his death.

text: Avery gains hero status after taking down Glanton, but feels remorse about the shooting. Avery and his fellow officers illegally seize the stolen money from Romina's home, but Avery tries to return the money to Romina, who rejects it. Avery then tries to turn the money in to the chief of police, who rebuffs him. Discouraged, Avery tape records other illegal practices in the police department, and uses the recording to get a position as the assistant district attorney.

text: Fifteen years later, Avery is running for Attorney General of New York. He has his troubled teenage son A.J., who had been living with Avery’s ex-wife, move in with him and transfer to Schenectady High School. There, A.J. befriends Jason (DeHaan), but neither know the history between their fathers. The two are later arrested for felony drug possession, but when Avery is called in to pick up his son, he recognizes Jason's name. He gets Jason's charge dropped to a misdemeanor and orders A.J. to stay away from him.

text: Kofi finally tells Jason his father's name, allowing Jason to discover Luke's past on the Internet. Jason visits Robin, who tells him more about Luke and their robberies. Back in school, A.J. pressures Jason to steal Oxycontin, which Jason does, narrowly escaping the owner after failing to sneak back out undiscovered.

text: Jason eventually realizes that A.J.'s father is the man who killed his own father. After a fight with A.J., which leaves Jason hospitalized, Jason buys a gun, breaks into the Cross family home, beats A.J., and takes Avery hostage. Jason forces Avery to drive into the woods, where Avery breaks down and tearfully apologizes for killing Jason's father. Instead of killing him, Jason steals Avery's wallet and leaves him unharmed. In the wallet, Jason finds the photo of him and his parents eating ice cream, which Avery had stolen from the evidence locker.

text: Sometime later, Avery wins his bid for New York Attorney General, with A.J. at his side. Romina receives an envelope addressed to "Mom", with the old photograph inside. Jason purchases a motorcycle, starts the bike, and rides away from his old life.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Ryan Gosling as Luke Glanton
Bradley Cooper as Avery Cross
Eva Mendes as Romina Gutierrez
Dane DeHaan as Jason Gutierrez-Kancam (né Glanton)
Emory Cohen as A. J. Cross
Ben Mendelsohn as Robin Van Der Hook
Rose Byrne as Jennifer Cross
Mahershala Ali as Kofi Kancam
Bruce Greenwood as Bill Killcullen
Ray Liotta as Peter Deluca
Harris Yulin as Albert Cross
Robert Clohessy as Chief Weirzbowski
Olga Merediz as Malena Gutierrez

tag: ul

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The Place Beyond the Pines premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 7, 2012; it received a limited release in the United States on March 29, 2013 and was widely released on April 12, 2013.[7] The film grossed $279,457 from 4 theaters with an average of $69,864 per theater. The film ended up earning $21,403,519 in North America and $14,082,089 internationally for a total of $35,485,608, above its $15 million production budget.[2]

text: Critical reception[edit]

text: The Place Beyond the Pines received positive reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes the film has a rating of 80%, based on 205 reviews, with an average score of 7.3/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Ambitious to a fault, The Place Beyond the Pines finds writer/director Derek Cianfrance reaching for—and often grasping—thorny themes of family, fatherhood, and fate."[8] On Metacritic has a score of 68 out of 100, based on 42 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[9]

text: Writing for the Indiewire "Playlist" blog, Kevin Jagernauth praised the film as an "ambitious epic that is cut from some of the same thematic tissue as Cianfrance's previous film, but expands the scope into a wondrously widescreen tale of fathers, sons and the legacy of sins that are passed down through the generations".[10] David Rooney of The Hollywood Reporter praised the acting, cinematography, atmosphere, and score, but criticized the film's narrative flow.[11] In The Daily Telegraph, Robbie Collin drew attention to the film's "lower-key and largely unstarry third act" that was criticized in early reviews. "In fact, it’s the key to deciphering the entire film," he wrote. Collin drew parallels between Gosling's character and James Dean's Jim Stark in Rebel Without a Cause, and said Cianfrance's film was "great American cinema of the type we keep worrying we’ve already lost."[12]

text: Henry Barnes of The Guardian gave a mixed review, writing: "The Place Beyond the Pines is ambitious and epic, perhaps to a fault. It's a long, slow watch in the final act, a detour into the next generation that sees the sons of Luke and Avery pick away at their daddy issues together. Cianfrance signposts the ripple effects of crime with giant motorway billboards, then pootles along, following a storyline that drops off Mendes and Byrne before winding on to its obvious conclusion."[13] A negative review came from Slant Magazine's Ed Gonzalez, who criticized the film's plot, themes, "self-importance", shallow characters, and melodramatic nature.[14]

text: Top ten lists[edit]

text:
5th — Randy Myers, San Jose Mercury News[15]
6th — Kristopher Tapley, Hitfix[15]
6th — Richard Lawson, Vanity Fair[15]
7th — Total Film[15]
9th — Den of Geek[15]
9th — Kyle Smith, New York Post[15]
10th — Lisa Kennedy, The Denver Post[15]
10th — Steve Persall, The Tampa Bay Times[15]
No order — Stephen Witty, The Star-Ledger[15]
No order — Claudia Puig, USA Today[15]


document_title: God of War: Chains of Olympus

question_text: when does god of war chains of olympus take place

root

text: God of War: Chains of Olympus

text: Gameplay[edit]

text: God of War: Chains of Olympus is a third-person single-player video game viewed from a fixed camera perspective. The player controls the character Kratos in combo-based combat, platforming, and puzzle game elements, and battles foes who primarily stem from Greek mythology, including cyclopes, Gorgons, satyrs, harpies, minotaurs, hoplites, and sphinxes. Morpheus beasts, shades, banshees, fire guards, fire sentries, hyperion guards, and death knights were created specifically for the game. Platforming elements require the player to climb walls, jump across chasms, swing on ropes, and balance across beams to proceed through sections of the game. Some puzzles are simple, such as moving a box so that the player can use it as a jumping-off point to access a pathway unreachable with normal jumping, but others are more complex, such as finding several items across different areas of the game to unlock one door.[2][3]

tag: p

text: Combat[edit]

text: Kratos' main weapon is the Blades of Chaos: a pair of blades attached to chains that are wrapped around the character's wrists and forearms. In gameplay, the blades can be swung offensively in various maneuvers. As the game progresses, Kratos acquires new weapons—the Sun Shield and Gauntlet of Zeus—offering alternative combat options.[2] Kratos only learns three magical abilities, as opposed to four in previous installments, including the Efreet, the Light of Dawn, and Charon's Wrath, giving him a variety of ways to attack and kill enemies. He acquires the relic Triton's Lance—similar to Poseidon's Trident in God of War— which allows him to breathe underwater; a necessary ability as parts of the game require long periods of time there.[2][4]

text: The challenge mode in this game is called the Challenge of Hades (five trials), and requires players to complete a series of specific tasks (e.g., Burn 50 soldiers with the Efreet). It is unlocked by completing the game. The player may unlock bonus costumes for Kratos, behind-the-scenes videos, and concept art of the characters and environments, as rewards. Completion of each of the game's difficulty levels unlocks additional rewards.[5]

text: Synopsis[edit]

text: Setting[edit]

text: As with the previous games in the God of War franchise, God of War: Chains of Olympus is set in an alternate version of ancient Greece, populated by the Olympian Gods, Titans, and other beings of Greek mythology. With the exception of flashbacks, the events are set between those of the games Ascension (2013) and God of War (2005). Several locations are explored, including the real world locations of the ancient cities of Attica and Marathon, the latter including fictional settings of the Temple of Helios and the Caves of Olympus, and several other fictional locations, including the Underworld, which features scenes at the River Styx, Tartarus, the Fields of Elysium, and the Temple of Persephone.

text: Attica is a war-torn city under assault by the Persian Empire and their pet basilisk, and is the site of Eurybiades' last battle. The city of Marathon is covered in the black fog of the Dream God, Morpheus. Just beyond the city is the Temple of Helios, which sits atop the Sun Chariot, which has plummeted to Earth in Helios' absence. Boreas, Zephyros, Euros, and Notos, gods of the north, west, east, and south winds, respectively, reside in the temple and guide the chariot. The Caves of Olympus is an underground cavern below Mount Olympus and houses the goddess Eos, the Primordial Fires, and a statue of Triton. The Underworld is the underground realm of the dead and is host to the River Styx and ferryman of the dead, Charon. Tartarus is the prison of the dead and the Titans where the massive Titan Hyperion is chained. The Fields of Elysium are home to deserving souls that roam peacefully and are overlooked by the Temple of Persephone.

text: Characters[edit]

text: The protagonist of the game is Kratos (voiced by Terrence C. Carson), a former Captain of Sparta's Army, and once servant to the God of War, Ares. He now serves the other Olympian Gods in hopes that they will free him of his nightmares. Other characters include Kratos' mentor and ally Athena (Erin Torpey), the Goddess of Wisdom; Eos (Erin Torpey), the Goddess of Dawn and sister of Helios; Persephone (Marina Gordon), the Queen of the Underworld and the main antagonist; and Atlas (Fred Tatasciore), a four-armed Titan imprisoned in Tartarus after the Great War. Kratos' deceased daughter Calliope (Debi Derryberry) briefly reunites with him in the Fields of Elysium and his wife Lysandra appears in a flashback. Minor characters include Helios (Dwight Schultz), the captured Sun God; Charon (Dwight Schultz), the ferryman of the Underworld; and the Persian King (Fred Tatasciore), leader of the Persian forces attacking Attica.[6] The Dream God Morpheus is an unseen character that affects the plot.[2]

text: Plot[edit]

text: During Kratos' ten years of service to the Olympian Gods, he is sent to the city of Attica to help defend it from the invading Persian army. After successfully killing the Persian King, decimating his army and slaying their pet basilisk, Kratos observes the Sun fall from the sky, plunging the world into darkness. As he fights his way through the city of Marathon, the Spartan witnesses the black fog of the Olympian Morpheus cover the land. He hears a haunting flute melody, which he recognizes as a melody once played by his deceased daughter Calliope. Finding the Temple of Helios, Kratos is tasked by Athena to find the missing Sun God, as Morpheus has caused many of the gods to fall into a deep slumber in the absence of light. The Spartan eventually locates Helios' sister, Eos, who tells Kratos that the Titan Atlas has abducted her brother. Eos advises Kratos to seek the Primordial Fires, which he uses to awaken the fire steeds of Helios. The steeds take the Spartan to the Underworld, where he has two encounters with Charon at the River Styx. Although Charon initially defeats Kratos and banishes him to Tartarus, the Spartan returns and destroys the ferryman.[2]

text: After locating the Temple of Persephone and confronting the Queen of the Underworld, Kratos is given a choice: renounce his power and be with his deceased daughter (at a cost to mankind) or proceed with his mission. Kratos sacrifices his weapons and power to be reunited with his daughter, but discovers that Persephone is embittered by Zeus' betrayal and her imprisonment in the Underworld with her husband Hades. While he was distracted by his reunion with Calliope, Persephone's ally Atlas was using the power of the kidnapped Helios to destroy the Pillar of the World, which would also end Olympus. Choosing to abandon Calliope forever, Kratos takes back his power and binds Atlas to the Pillar of the World he sought to destroy, forcing the Titan to hold the weight of the world on his shoulders. Kratos then battles Persephone to the death. Although victorious, he is warned by a dying Persephone that his suffering will never end. Atlas also warns Kratos that he will eventually regret helping the gods and that he and Atlas will meet again. Kratos then rides the Sun Chariot back to the mortal world and into the sky as Morpheus retreats.[2]

text: In a post-credits scene, Kratos is still riding Helios' chariot back into the sky and after seeing the return of the Sun, Kratos loses consciousness from the exertion and plummets to the ground. At the last moment, Kratos is saved by Athena and Helios, and Athena tells Helios that "He will live."[2]

text: Development[edit]

text: Game developer Ready at Dawn pitched the idea of a God of War game for the PlayStation Portable to SCE Santa Monica Studio soon after the original God of War launched.[7] In February 2007, Ready at Dawn posted a teaser featuring "Coming Soon" in the God of War font.[8] An editor from 1UP obtained an early copy of God of War II and posted the game's instruction manual, featuring a one-page teaser with "PSP" in the Omega symbol and stating "Coming 2007".[9] On March 12, 2007, God of War II was launched at the Metreon: God of War II Game Director Cory Barlog officially confirmed the development of Chains of Olympus, stating "It is its own story that connects to the overall story. God of War, God of War II, and then if all the stars align God of War III will be the telling of a trilogy. This PSP story will be a further fleshing out."[10] An initial trailer for Chains of Olympus was released on April 25, 2007, coinciding with the announcement of a demo on UMD—the optical disc medium for the PSP.[11] The trailer is narrated by voice actress Linda Hunt.[12]

text: God of War: Chains of Olympus uses a proprietary, in-house engine referred to as the Ready at Dawn engine, which expanded on the engine created for their previous game, Daxter (2006), to include a fluid and cloth simulator.[13][14] The camera system was modified to cater to the fixed cinematic camera for God of War gameplay,[13] and the lighting system was reworked to aid in presenting realistic graphics.[15] The game was originally designed for the PlayStation Portable's restricted 222 megahertz (MHz) processor. Ready at Dawn repeatedly contacted Sony regarding increasing the clock speed of the PSP on account of the difference to the game and had developed a version of the game with higher speed.[16] Sony released a firmware upgrade that allowed games to use the full 333 MHz processor. The faster processor allowed for more realistic blood effects, lighting effects, and shadows as well as improved enemy intelligence. The upgrade, however, noticeably decreased battery life.[16][17] After the game's completion, Game Director Ru Weerasuriya stated multiplayer options and other puzzles, characters, and dialogue had to be removed due to time constraints.[13]

text: Audio[edit]

text: Two of the voice actors returned from the previous installments to reprise their roles, which were Terrence C. Carson and Linda Hunt, who voiced Kratos and the narrator respectively. Erin Torpey adopted the dual roles of Athena and Eos. Fred Tatasciore, who voiced different characters in previous installments, returned, and in this game, voiced both Atlas and the Persian King. Carole Ruggier and Michael Clarke Duncan did not return to reprise their roles, which were Athena and Atlas respectively. Voice actor Dwight Schultz voiced both Charon and Helios; Debi Derryberry voiced Calliope and continued this role in a later installment; and Marina Gordon provided the voice of Persephone. Brian Kimmet, Don Luce, and Andrew Wheeler provided the voices of several minor characters and Keythe Farley was the Voice Director.[6]

text: The soundtrack was composed by Gerard K. Marino, but to date, it has not been commercially released.[6] After the release of the demo disc, Ready at Dawn offered pre-order customers a music track on disc titled "Battle of Attica". Composer Gerard Marino stated that it was the first cue written for the game, based on concept art and screenshots.[18] Marino composed roughly thirteen minutes of music for the game and re-worked other music from the previous titles. Three tracks from the soundtrack are included as bonus tracks on the God of War: Ghost of Sparta soundtrack.[19]

text: Release[edit]

text: The demo disc, officially titled God of War: Chains of Olympus – Special Edition: Battle of Attica, was released on September 27, 2007. In the demo, Kratos battles Persian soldiers and a giant basilisk. The demo progresses through the city of Attica as Kratos chases the basilisk, culminating with Kratos fighting the Persian King. The disc also included a developer video and a lanyard in the shape of the Greek letter Omega.[20] Following the demo's release, a downloadable version was made available through the PlayStation Store in North American and European regions.[21] Due to the delay of the game, Ready at Dawn offered a "special edition" version of the demo to pre-order customers,[22] with one Ready at Dawn developer stating that preparation of the special demo disc took up to 40% of the team's production time.[15]

text: God of War: Chains of Olympus was originally scheduled to be released during the fourth quarter of 2007,[23] but it was rescheduled[22] and released on March 4, 2008, in North America,[24] March 27 in Australia,  March 28 in Europe,[25] and July 10 in Japan, where it was published by Capcom.[25] The game was a commercial success, debuting at No. 5 on the North American charts with 340,500 copies sold in the first month.[26] The game was re-released in Europe on October 17, 2008, as part of Sony's Platinum Range and was also re-released in Japan and North America in April 2009 under Capcom's Best Price and Sony's Greatest Hits labels, respectively.[25] It became available for download from the PlayStation Store on September 30, 2009, in North America, October 1 in Europe, and November 11, 2010, in Japan.[25] Sony released a limited-edition bundle pack only in North America, on June 3, 2008. The pack included the game, a UMD of the 2007 film Superbad, a voucher for the PSP title Syphon Filter: Combat Ops, and a red edition of the console imprinted with an image of Kratos' face on the rear.[27] As of June 2012, Chains of Olympus has sold more than 3.2 million copies worldwide.[28]

text: Together with God of War: Ghost of Sparta, the game was released for the PlayStation 3 as part of the God of War: Origins Collection (called God of War Collection – Volume II in Europe) on September 13, 2011, in North America, September 16 in Europe, September 29 in Australia, and October 6 in Japan.[29] The collection is a remastered port of both games to the PS3 hardware, with features including high-definition resolution, stereoscopic 3D, anti-aliased graphics locked at 60 frames per second, DualShock 3 vibration function, and PlayStation 3 Trophies.[30] God of War: Origins Collection and full trials of its two games were also released for download on the PlayStation Store on September 13, 2011, in North America.[31] By June 2012, the collection had sold 711,737 copies worldwide.[28] On August 28, 2012, God of War Collection, God of War III, and Origins Collection were released as part of the God of War Saga under Sony's line of PlayStation Collections for the PlayStation 3 in North America.[32]

text: Reception[edit]

tag: table

text: God of War: Chains of Olympus received "universal acclaim" according to review aggregator Metacritic with a score of 91 out of 100,[34] and a 91.44% at GameRankings,[33] achieving the highest composite score for a PlayStation Portable title. The game was praised for its graphics and presentation. Matt Leone of 1UP claimed Chains of Olympus is "a technical showpiece for Sony, and arguably the best-looking game on the system."[1] Robert Falcon of Modojo.com similarly praised the presentation, calling it "an absolute stunner, the pinnacle of PSP development". He also praised the visuals as "absolutely breathtaking," and that the "game moves beautifully throughout, with very little loss in detail or speed."[41] However, G4's Jonathan Hunt said that it "occasionally suffers from screen tearing and framerate drops."[36]

text: Several reviewers praised Ready at Dawn's solution for the controls and gameplay. Because the PlayStation 2 (PS2) controller has two analog sticks and the PSP only has one, GamePro stated "the lack of a second analog stick could have been problematic but it's not."[37] Modojo.com similarly stated that despite the lack of a second analog stick, "Kratos handles superbly on the PSP" and that the weapon and magic attacks are "mapped out perfectly around the PSP's control set-up."[41] IGN's Chris Roper even claimed the control scheme "works better than on the PS2." Roper further claimed that Ready at Dawn "has done a stellar job of keeping Kratos' move set intact," stating that "combat is extremely responsive."[40] Matt Leone of 1UP similarly praised developers solution for the control scheme as well as the game's "fantastic" pacing.[1] However, GamePro criticized the relative lack of variety in enemies.[37] The puzzles were criticized, and G4 claimed that some "are so maddeningly difficult to solve",[36] while GameSpot's Aaron Thomas noted the lack of puzzles, claiming that it "could have used more".[38] GamePro also criticized the fact that "You still have to lug boxes around to solve environmental puzzles".[37] Kristan Reed of Eurogamer also criticized Ready at Dawn for cutting some puzzles, as well as cutting co-op play, multiplayer, dialogue, and characters.[35]

text: GameSpot[38] and IGN[40] criticized the short length and minimal boss fights, although GamePro stated that it has "the same epic feel" as the previous installments and claimed that if it was the only God of War title, "it would still stand on its own merits."[37] Cheat Code Central claimed Chains of Olympus is "one of the best games ever made for the PSP." They claimed that it is "definitely a must-buy game for all current fans" and that it "has everything you've come to expect from God of War, just in a little disc and on a smaller screen."[42] GameTrailers went on to praise the replay value for being able to "bring your powered-up methods of destruction with you."[39]

text: Awards and accolades[edit]

text: In IGN's Best of 2008 Awards, Chains of Olympus received the awards for "Best PSP Action Game",[43] "Best Graphics Technology",[44] and "Best Use of Sound".[45] In GameSpot's Best Games of 2008, it received the "Readers' Choice Award".[46] Diehard GameFAN awarded it "Best PSP Game" for 2008.[47] At the 2008 Spike Video Game Awards, it was a nominee for "Best Handheld Game".[48] It was Metacritic's 2008 "PSP Game of the Year".[34] In September 2010, GamePro named God of War: Chains of Olympus the best PSP game.[49]


document_title: Heart of the Night (song)

question_text: who wrote in the heart of the night

question_tokens: who wrote in the heart of the night

text: Heart of the Night (song)

text:
"Heart of the Night"

Single by Poco

from the album Legend

B-side
"The Last Goodbye"

Released
May 1979

Format
45" single

Recorded
1978

Genre
Southern rock

Length

4:49 (Album Version)
3:46 (Single Version)

Label
MCA

Songwriter(s)
Paul Cotton

Producer(s)
Richard Sanford Orshoff

Poco singles chronology

"Crazy Love"
(1979)
"Heart of the Night"
(1979)
"Legend"
(1979)

"Crazy Love"
(1979)
"Heart of the Night"
(1979)
"Legend"
(1979)

text: "Heart of the Night" is a song introduced on the 1978 album release by the country-rock group Poco entitled Legend: a 1979 hit single, "Heart of the Night" is also featured on the group retrospective 20th Century Masters album as well as The Essential Poco album.[1]

text: Featuring a lead vocal by its composer Paul Cotton, "Heart of the Night" is an evocation of the night life of the city of New Orleans. Cotton, who was born in Alabama but raised in Chicago, said in a September 2000 interview with Sound Waves magazine, "I'm just drawn to the South. Hey, I spent 25 winters in Chicago."[2]

text: In 1978, Cotton and Rusty Young, "got a little rehearsal hall, put together a band, and played...'Heart of the Night'" for ABC Records executives.[3] The song is highlighted by an alto saxophone solo by Phil Kenzie.

text: "Heart of the Night" was issued as the second single from Legend in May 1979, reaching a Hot 100 peak of #20. Billboard ranked "Heart of the Night" as a #5 Easy Listening hit, with the track appearing on the C&W chart at #96. In Canada "Heart of the Night" peaked at #18.

text: A live performance by Poco of "Heart of the Night" appears on the November 1979 multi-artist album No Nukes: The Muse Concerts for a Non-Nuclear Future which contains selections from the September 1979 Madison Square Garden concerts by the Musicians United for Safe Energy collective. A live rendition of "Heart of the Night" is also featured on the 2004 Poco concert album Keeping the Legend Alive recorded May 20, 2004 at the Belcourt Theatre in Nashville.


document_title: Once Upon a Time (2017 film)

question_text: once a time with you chinese movie cast

question_tokens: once a time with you chinese movie cast

text: Once Upon a Time (2017 film)

text: Plot[edit]

text: Bai Qian is the youngest of five in the Bai family, a family of fox deities and the rulers of the mystical land Qing Qiu. One day, Bai Qian is invited to the East Sea to attend a party. There, she runs into a little boy who steals her fan. When she notices the boy missing, she spots a lady dropping the fan. The lady is revealed to be Xuan Nu, the Demon Clan's Queen. Xuan Nu runs away, only for a man to come running to the boy, calling him Ah Li. Bai Qian, thinking that he is Xuan Nu, tries to stop him from approaching the Ah Li. While fighting, the man stops and calls her Su Su. The man is revealed to be Ye Hua, her betrothed, Ah Li's father, and the Heaven Tribe's Crown Prince. After Ye Hua apologizes, she leaves.

text: Back in Qing Qiu, Ye Hua and Ah Li has decided to stay with Bai Qian. While Bai Qian is with Zhe Yan, Mi Gu, a tree spirit, informs her that someone has come to Qing Qiu to take Ah Li away. The lady sees a man in an ice block in a cave. She recognizes the man as Mo Yuan and rushes out when she hears Bai Qian calling for Ah Li. The lady reveals herself to be Su Jin, a princess consort of the Heaven Tribe, who happens to be in love with Ye Hua. Ye Hua walks in and tells both of them that Ah Li will be returning to the Heaven Tribe after celebrating his birthday in the mortal realm with his mom and dad.

text: In the mortal realm, Ye Hua explains that three hundred years ago, he was mortally wounded in a battle and was too exhausted to use his powers. Su Su ended up taking care of him, and as a repayment for her kindness, Ye Hua agreed to marry her. Ye Hua realizes that Su Su and her are the same person and wishes that Bai Qian could remember and forget all that happened in the past.

text: Back in Qing Qiu, Bai Qian visits Mo Yuan, preserving him with her blood. She talks to him and calls him her master, saying that she has been waiting for him to awaken for seventy thousand years after he had trapped the Demon King, Qing Cang, in a bell. She tells him that she met someone recently who reminded her of Mo Yuan.

text: Bai Qian and Zhe Yan then rush to the Demon Clan, planning to rescue Mo Yuan, who Xuan Nu took while Bai Qian spent time with Zhe Yan. After rescuing him, Ye Hua recalls that in the books, it was told that after locking up Qing Cang, Mo Yuan went to live in seclusion with his favorite disciple, Si Yin, who was Bai Qian. She tells him that after Mo Yuan died, she brought him here and waited for him to come back.

text: During their wedding, Su Jin tells Bai Qian more of the story between Su Su and Ye Hua. Ye Hua took Su Su to the Heaven Palace and abandoned her there, driving Su Su to commit suicide. Su Jin warns her and says that Ye Hua is only with her because of the guilt he feels for Su Su. Bai Qian, filled with doubts, leaves him at the altar.

text: Later on, Bai Qian comes back planning to receive the soul-binding lamp from Ye Hua, so it could speed up the process of her master waking up. He finally confesses that Su Su and Bai Qian are actually the same person. She refuses to believe him. Finally, Ye Hua lends her the lamp and tells her that he hopes she can forgive him. Her memories are released and it is revealed that Su Jin, who was jealous, had Su Su's eyes removed to replace her own. Su Su asked Ye Hua to name their baby after the word 'parting' and jumped off of the Execution Platform. After snapping back to reality, Su Jin approaches her and pushes her off the Execution Platform, but Ye Hua catches her. Ye Hua tries to console Bai Qian, but she leaves him and returns to Qing Qiu.

text: Nai Nai, Bai Qian/Su Su's maid in the Heaven Palace, pleads Bai Qian to forgive Ye Hua. Nai Nai tells Bai Qian the true story of what actually happened. All the time that Ye Hua abandoned her, he was trying to get permission from the heavenly lord to marry her. And when she jumped off the Execution Platform, Ye Hua jumped after her, harming himself. He even took the lightning punishment that was meant for her for pushing Su Jin.

text: At the Bell, Su Jin awakens Qing Cang. Ye Hua decides to go fight Qing Cang. Bai Qian learns of the news and rushes to go help him, but she is too late. Ye Hua sacrifices himself, just like how Mo Yuan did, to lock up Qing Cang. The river freezes and Ye Hua floats away with Bai Qian following him. Ye Hua watches her and sinks to the bottom, his last wish being that she could forget him for all the pain that he has cause her.

text: Mo Yuan's ice block cracks and he awakens. As Bai Qian runs to finally see her master, she is stopped by Mo Yuan/Ye Hua standing there and asking her (Qian Qian, a nickname that only Ye Hua called her) to come closer.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Liu Yifei as Bai Qian / Si Yin / Su Su
Yang Yang as Ye Hua / Mo Yuan
Luo Jin as Zhe Yan
Yan Yikuan as Qing Cang
Li Chun as Su Jin
Gu Xuan as Xuan Nu
Peng Zisu as Ah Li (Bai Chen)

text: Production[edit]

text: On June 16, 2015, it was announced that Liu Yifei will play the leading role of Bai Qian / Si Yin / Su Su.[9] The role of Ye Hua, the male lead, was announced to be portrayed by Yang Yang on October 29.[10]

text: Principal photography started on December 18, 2015, and wrapped in March 21, 2016.[11][12] The dress design of the film was Lawrence Xu.[13]

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text:
No.
Title
Lyrics
Music
Singer
Length

1.
"Three Lifetimes, Ten Miles of Peach Blossoms (三生三世十里桃花)"
Ding Ding Zhang
Chan Kwong-wing
Na Ying
04:43

2.
"Ten Miles of Peach Blossoms (十里桃花)"
Fang Wen-shan
Zhang Liang-ying
Jane Zhang
03:21

3.
"Three Lifetimes, Ten Miles of Peach Blossoms (三生三世十里桃花)"
Ding Ding Zhang
Chan Kwong-wing
Liu Yifei, Yang Yang
04:13

4.
"Peach Blossom Rain (桃花雨)"
Xu Rongkai
Lao Zai
Henry Huo
04:21

text: Release[edit]

text: The film is scheduled for release in China (August 3), Vietnam (August 4), Cambodia (August 4), North America (August 11), Myanmar (August 11), Malaysia (August 17), UK (August 18), Singapore (August 24), Australia (August 31), Germany, Thailand, South Korea (in September) and Japan.

text: Box office[edit]

text: The film's opening day gross was CN¥175 million.[14] It grossed a total of US$82,3 million in China.[15] Variety reported that Once Upon a Time would open in North American screens on August 11, 2017.[16] It grossed US$485,728 in North America.[17] Wanda Vietnam company reported that Once Upon a Time have collected VND10 billion (US$440,000) after 9 days released, it can be considered very impressive in box office Vietnam.[18] It collected US$13,732 in UK, and was last reported to have collected US$54,932 in Australia.[19]

text: Awards and nominations[edit]

text:
Year
Award
Category
Recipient
Result
Ref.

2017
China Film Week in Tokyo & Okinawa - 2nd Golden Crane Award
Best Actress
Liu Yifei
Won
[20]

Best Actor
Yang Yang
Nominated


document_title: As I Lay Dying

question_text: what is cash building in as ilay dying

question_tokens: what is cash building in as ilay dying

text: As I Lay Dying

text: Plot summary[edit]

text: The book is narrated by 15 different characters over 59 chapters. It is the story of the death of Addie Bundren and her poor, rural family's quest and motivations—noble or selfish—to honor her wish to be buried in her hometown of Jefferson, Mississippi.

text: As the book opens, Addie is alive, though in ill health. Addie and others expect her to die soon, and she sits at a window watching as her firstborn, Cash, builds her coffin. Anse, Addie's husband, waits on the porch, while their daughter, Dewey Dell, fans her mother in the July heat. The night after Addie dies a heavy rainstorm sets in; rivers rise and wash out bridges the family will need to cross to get to Jefferson.

text: The family's trek by wagon begins, with Addie's non-embalmed body in the coffin. Along the way, Anse and the five children encounter various difficulties. Anse stubbornly refuses to accept any charity, including meals or lodging, from people, so at times the family goes hungry and sleeps in barns.

text: Jewel, Addie's middle child, tries to leave his dysfunctional family, yet cannot turn his back on them through the trials. Cash breaks a leg and winds up riding atop the coffin. He refuses to admit to any discomfort, but the family eventually puts a makeshift cast of concrete on his leg. Twice, the family almost loses Addie's coffin—first, while crossing a river on a washed-out bridge (two mules are lost) and, second, when a fire of suspicious origin starts in the barn where the coffin is being stored for a night.

text: After nine days, the family finally arrives in Jefferson, where the stench from the coffin is quickly smelled by the townspeople. In town, family members have different items of business to take care of. Cash's broken leg needs attention. Dewey Dell, for the second time in the novel, goes to a pharmacy, trying to obtain an abortion that she does not know how to ask for. First, though, Anse wants to borrow some shovels to bury Addie, because that was the purpose of the trip and the family should be together for that. Before that happens, however, Darl, the second eldest, is seized for the arson of the barn [clarification needed] and sent to the Mississippi State Insane Asylum in Jackson.[7] With Addie only just buried, Anse forces Dewey Dell to give up her money, which he spends on getting "new teeth", and marries the woman from whom he borrowed the spades.

text: As is many of Faulkner's works, the story is set in Yoknapatawpha County, Mississippi, which Faulkner referred to as "my apocryphal county", a fictional rendition of the writer's home of Lafayette County in the same state.

text: Characters[edit]

text:
Addie Bundren – Addie is the wife of Anse and the mother of Cash, Darl, Jewel, Dewey Dell, and Vardaman.
Anse Bundren – Anse is Addie's widower, the father of all the children but Jewel.
Cash Bundren – Cash is a skilled and helpful carpenter and the eldest son of the family. In his late twenties, he builds Addie's coffin.
Darl Bundren – The second eldest of Addie's children, Darl is about two years younger than Cash. Darl is the most articulate character in the book; he narrates 19 of the 59 chapters.
Jewel Bundren – Jewel is the third of the Bundren children, most likely around nineteen years of age. A half-brother to the other children and the favorite of Addie, he is the illegitimate son of Addie and Reverend Whitfield. Most, if not all, of the characters other than Addie seem unaware of this.
Dewey Dell Bundren – Dewey Dell is the only daughter of Anse and Addie Bundren; at seventeen years old, she is the second youngest of the Bundren children.
Vardaman Bundren – Vardaman is the youngest Bundren child, somewhere between seven and ten years old.
Vernon Tull – Vernon is a good friend of the Bundrens, who appears in the book as a good farmer, less religious than his wife.
Cora Tull – Cora is the wife of Vernon Tull, a neighbor of Addie's who is with her at her death. She is very religious and this shows in her language.
Peabody – Peabody is the Bundrens' doctor; he narrates two chapters of the book. Anse sends for him shortly before Addie's death. This is far too late for Peabody to do anything more than to watch Addie die. Toward the end of the book, when he is working on Cash's leg, Peabody gives an excellent assessment of Anse and the entire Bundren family from the perspective of the community at large.
Lafe – Lafe is a farmer who has impregnated Dewey Dell and given her $10 to get an abortion.
Reverend Whitfield – Whitfield is the local minister with whom Addie had an affair, resulting in the birth of Jewel.
Samson – Samson is a local farmer who lets the Bundren family stay with him the first night on their journey to Jefferson. Samson's wife, Rachel, is disgusted with the way the family is treating Addie by dragging her coffin through the countryside.
Other narrators: MacGowan, Moseley, and Armstid

text: Literary techniques[edit]

text: Throughout the novel, Faulkner presents 15 different points of view, each chapter narrated by one character, including Addie, who expresses her thoughts after she has already died. In 59 chapters titled only by their narrators' names, the characters are developed gradually through each other's perceptions and opinions, with Darl's predominating.

text: As I Lay Dying helped to solidify Faulkner's reputation as a pioneer, like James Joyce and Virginia Woolf, of stream of consciousness. He first used the technique in The Sound and the Fury, and it gives As I Lay Dying its distinctly intimate tone, through the monologues of the tragically flawed Bundrens and the passers-by whom they encounter. Faulkner plays with the narrative technique by manipulating conventional differences between stream of consciousness and interior monologue. For example, Faulkner has a character such as Darl speak in his interior monologue with far more intellectual diction than he realistically possesses. This is directly playing with conventions of interior monologues because, as Dorrit Cohn states in Transparent Minds: Narrative Modes for Presenting Consciousness in Fiction, the language in the interior monologue is "like the language a character speaks to others ... it accords with his time, his place, his social station, level of intelligence ..." The novel helped found the Southern Renaissance and directs a great deal of effort as it progresses to reflections on being and existence, the existential metaphysics of everyday life.

text: Significance[edit]

text: As I Lay Dying is consistently ranked among the best novels of 20th-century literature.[4][5][8] The novel has been reprinted by the Modern Library,[9] the Library of America, and numerous publishers, including Chatto and Windus in 1970,[10] Random House in 1990,[11] Tandem Library in 1991,[12] and Vintage Books in 1996.[13] and the Folio Society in 2013. Faulkner was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1949 for his novels prior to that date, with this book being among them. [14]

text: The novel has also directly influenced a number of other critically acclaimed books, including British author Graham Swift's 1996 Booker Prize-winning novel Last Orders[15] and Suzan-Lori Parks's Getting Mother's Body, which is a reimagining of Faulkner's novel from an African-American point of view.[16][17]

text: In 1998, the Modern Library ranked As I Lay Dying 35th on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century.

text: The Grammy-nominated metalcore band As I Lay Dying derived its name from this novel.[18]

text: The character Darl Bundren also appeared in Faulkner's 1935 short story "Uncle Willy".

text: Film adaptation[edit]

text: In 2013, writer/director James Franco released a film adaptation of the novel. The novel was adapted for the screen by James Franco and Matt Rager. Franco viewed it as a challenge because the novel was described as a story impossible to be transformed into a film due to the multi-narrative voices within it.[19] Franco also stars as Darl Bundren.[20]

text: Theatre adaptation[edit]

text: An adaptation of the novel was presented by Theatre Smith-Gilmour from March 8–31, 2013, at Theatre Passe Muraille in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.


document_title: Gerry Bertier

question_text: who played gary bertier in remember the titans

text: Gerry Bertier

text: Early life[edit]

text: Bertier's parents divorced early in his childhood (around age 8) and he was raised primarily by his mother, until she remarried to Robert Agnew. As a child and young man, Bertier was described as an amiable, goal-oriented individual.[1] Growing up, Bertier frequently discussed his lifetime goal of winning a gold medal in the Olympics, and as an active participant in various athletics, seemed to be on track for this goal.

text: High school career[edit]

text: Bertier began his high school career at Hammond High School and joined the football team. He became a key player, soon becoming the backbone of the defense. As a sophomore, he was starting linebacker, a position for which he won many honors.[3] However, he was only able to play three seasons, when Hammond H.S. was merged with two other Alexandria high schools to form T.C. Williams High School.[3] The consolidation meant there were many new faces on the football team as well as on the coaching staff, which caused racial tension between team members. This new mixture of Titans was forced to come together as a single successful team, dealing with the issue of racial prejudice, a difficult battle for many members of the team. As a captain, Bertier, along with friend and teammate defensive end Julius Campbell, supported their teammates through this time of struggle.[3] Even though the team was still struggling with prejudice as the season opener rolled around, the strife was not evident in the way the T.C. Titans began the 1971 season. The Titans went 13-0, including nine shut outs, and went on to win the Virginia State Championship.[3] During the Titans' undefeated season, they also outscored their opponents by a 357-45 margin.[3] Bertier's stats during the season included 142 tackles, 42 sacks. Bertier was named team Defensive Most Valuable Player.[3] He was named National Prep School Football Player of the Year, and received First Team All-Region, All-State, and All-American honors. As he prepared to move to the next level, Bertier received many football scholarship offers from prominent colleges like Notre Dame and University of Alabama.[3]

text: Car accident[edit]

text: On December 11, 1971, Bertier had been at a banquet honoring the players of the 1971, T.C. Williams Titans football team for their undefeated season. After the banquet, Bertier borrowed his mother's new 1971 Chevrolet Camaro. Bertier lost control of the Camaro and crashed. The cause of the accident was determined to be a mechanical failure in the motor mount of the engine. Gerry was moved to the operating room when he was stabilized.[4] Although doctors tried to relieve pressure on his spine to help him regain some feeling, it was unsuccessful. Bertier coordinated with Junior Colleges in Alexandria to set up a "Walk for Mankind," and he encouraged students, adults, company executives to donate. Bertier occasionally met with others who suffered similar injuries, helping them with their rehabilitation. Outside of his hometown, Gerry made speeches across the country for rights for the handicapped. He addressed subjects such as making buildings handicapped accessible. Bertier worked for Abbey Medical selling medical equipment to the handicapped, a position which allowed him to attend wheelchair sporting events held nationally.

text: Paralympics[edit]

text: After Bertier recuperated from his injuries, he once again became a competitive athlete. According to his sister, Becky Britt, "During Gerry's childhood he had mentioned being in the Olympics. His long-term goal was to receive a gold medal."[1] He decided to occupy himself in Wheelchair Track and Field, the Wheelchair Basketball League, and the United States Paralympics, setting state and national records.[5] He was coached throughout his life by Bill Yoast, winning gold medals in both the discus throw and shot put.[2][dubious – discuss]

text: Death[edit]

text: On March 20, 1981, Bertier was killed in a car accident while returning home from a business trip. Driving alone, his southbound 1980 Oldsmobile collided with a northbound car, which crossed over the center line on Route 20 in Charlottesville, Virginia.[5] Bertier died nearly two hours later in the University of Virginia hospital. A man from Schulyer, Virginia was charged with manslaughter and driving under the influence of alcohol in connection with the accident.[5]

text: Remember the Titans[edit]

text: Gerry Bertier was portrayed in the Disney film Remember the Titans by actor Ryan Hurst. While most of the film is historically accurate, there are certain aspects of Bertier's portrayal that are not completely factual. The name of Bertier's girlfriend[6] and Bertier and Campbell's relationship, for example, were misrepresented.[7] Bertier's on-the-field portrayal in the film, however, is almost entirely correct. As the team's defensive captain, Bertier was a dominating force on the linebacking corps and received All-American honors following the team's championship season. Although heralded as an exceptional leader on and off the football field, Bertier's duties never included cutting fellow players from the team as he was shown doing in the film.[6]

text: Gerry Bertier #42 Foundation[edit]

text: After becoming paralyzed, Bertier became very active in assisting other victims of spinal cord injuries. Bertier frequented the spinal cord injury wards of local hospitals to help victims with their acceptance of the injury and eventually their rehabilitation. After Bertier died in 1981, his sister, Becky Britt, decided to continue his legacy. Her recent creation of the "Gerry Bertier #42 Foundation." is meant to build upon Bertier's tradition of helping sufferers of spinal cord injuries. The foundation is dedicated to raising money for the research of spinal cord injuries and works with the Virginia Commonwealth University to host annual fundraising golf tournaments. These tournaments draw the support of many Virginia residents, including several members of the 1971 T.C. Williams championship team.[8] The second annual tournament was held September 29, 2007, at the Cannon Ridge Golf Club of Fredericksburg, Virginia.[9] Proceeds were donated to the Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation and Research Center of the Virginia Commonwealth University Health System (VCUHS). The 2007 tournament raised approximately $20,000 for donation to the VCUHS.[10]


document_title: Half dollar (United States coin)

question_text: when did half dollars stop being all silver

text: Half dollar (United States coin)

text: Circulation[edit]

text: Half dollar coins saw heavy use, particularly in the first half of the 20th century. For many years, they were commonly (and in many areas still are) used by the gambling community. Rolls of half dollars may still be kept on hand in cardrooms for games requiring 50-cent antes or bring-in bets, for dealers to pay winning naturals in blackjack, or where the house collects a rake in increments. Additionally, some concession vendors at sporting events distribute half dollar coins as change for convenience.

text: By the early 1960s, the rising price of silver was nearing the point where the bullion value of U.S. silver coins would exceed face value. In 1965, the U.S. introduced layered composition coins made of a copper core laminated between two cupronickel outer faces. The silver content of dimes and quarters was eliminated, but the Kennedy half dollar composition still contained silver (reduced from 90 to 40 percent) from 1965 to 1970.

text: Half dollars issued through the end of the 1960s were hoarded as the only precious metal U.S. coins remaining in production, and as the price of silver continued to rise, pre-1964 halves disappeared from circulation as well. By the time that the coin's composition was changed to match that of the clad dimes and quarters in 1971, both businesses and the public had begun to adapt to a country in which the half dollar did not generally circulate. The half saw a moderate increase in usage during the mid 1970s, only to fall again by the end of the decade. The quarter then took over the half's role as the highest-value component of change in general use.

text: Most coins enter circulation through the change drawers of businesses. Few businesses stock their change drawers with half dollars, and some banks do not stock them at all. Most banks do not hand them out as normal business practice, so the coins see little circulation.  Most U.S. vending machines do not accept half dollars, nor do payphones, which further curtails their circulation; Many transit systems however, accept halves and the coin is the most common denomination used for U.S. commemorative coins.[3]

text: Since 2002, half dollars have been minted only for collectors, due to large Federal Reserve and government inventories on hand of pre-2001 pieces; this is mostly due to lack of demand and large quantity returns from casino slot machines that now operate "coinless". Eventually, when the reserve supply runs low, the mint will again fill orders for circulation half dollars.[citation needed] It took about 18 years (1981–1999) for the large inventory stockpile of a similar low-demand circulation coin, the $1 coin, to reach reserve levels low enough to again produce circulation pieces.[citation needed] Modern-date half dollars can be purchased in proof sets, mint sets, rolls, and bags from the U.S. Mint, and existing inventory circulation pieces can be ordered through most U.S. banks. All collector issues since 2001 have had much lower mintages than in previous years. Although intended only for collectors, these post-2001 half dollars sometimes find their way into circulation.[4]

text: Aspects of early history[edit]

text: On December 1, 1794, the first half dollars, approximately 5,300 pieces, were delivered. Another 18,000 were produced in January 1795 using dies of 1794, to save the expense of making new ones.[5] Another 30,000 pieces were struck by the end of 1801. The coin had the Heraldic Eagle, based on the Great Seal of the United States on the reverse.[5]  150,000 were minted in 1804 but struck with dies from 1803, so no 1804 specimens exist, though there were some pieces dated 1805 that carried a "5 over 4" overdate.[5]

text: In 1838, half dollar dies were produced in the Philadelphia Mint for the newly established New Orleans Mint, and ten test samples of the 1838 half dollars were made at the main Philadelphia mint. These samples were put into the mint safe along with other rarities like the 1804 silver dollar. The dies were then shipped to New Orleans for the regular production of 1838 half dollars. However, New Orleans production of the half dollars was delayed due to the priority of producing half dimes and dimes. The large press for half dollar production was not used in New Orleans until January 1839 to produce 1838 half dollars, but the reverse die could not be properly secured, and only ten samples were produced before the dies failed. Rufus Tyler, chief coiner of the New Orleans mint, wrote to Mint Director Patterson of the problem on February 25, 1839.[6] The Orleans mint samples all had a double stamped reverse as a result of this production problem and they also showed dramatic signs of die rust, neither of which are present on the Philadelphia produced test samples. While eight Philadelphia minted samples survive to this day, there is only one known New Orleans minted specimen with the tell-tale double stamped reverse and die rust. This is the famous coin that Rufus Tyler presented to Alexander Dallas Bache (great grandson of Benjamin Franklin) in the summer of 1839 and was later purchased in June 1894 by A. G. Heaton, the father of mint mark coin collecting.[7] The 1838 Philadelphia-produced half dollars are extremely rare, with two separate specimens having sold for $632,500 in Heritage auctions in 2005 and 2008[8] respectively.  The sole surviving Orleans minted 1838 is one of the rarest of all American coins.[9][10] In 1840 this mint produced nearly 180,000 half dollars.[5]

text: In 1861, the New Orleans mint produced coins for three different governments. A total of 330,000 were struck under the United States government, 1,240,000 for the State of Louisiana after it seceded from the Union, and 962,633 after it joined the Confederacy. Since the same die was used for all strikings, the output looks identical. However the Confederate States of America actually minted four half dollars with a CSA (rather than USA) reverse and the obverse die they used had a small die crack. Thus "regular" 1861 half dollars with this crack probably were used by the Confederates for some of the mass striking.[11]

text: There are two varieties of Kennedy half dollars in the proof set issues of 1964. Initially, the die was used with accented hair, showing deeper lines than the president's widow, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, liked. New dies were prepared to smooth out some of the details. It is estimated that about 1 to 3% (40,000 to 100,000) of the proof halves are of the earlier type, making them somewhat more expensive for collectors.[12]

text: List of designs[edit]

text:
Silver half dollars
Flowing Hair 1794–1795[13]
Draped Bust 1796–1807
Draped Bust, Small Eagle 1796–1797[14]
Draped Bust, Heraldic Eagle 1801–1807[15]
Capped Bust 1807–1839
Capped Bust (Large Size), With Motto 1807–1836[16]
Capped Bust (Small Size), No Motto 1836–1839[17]
Seated Liberty 1839–1891
Seated Liberty, No Motto 1839–1866[18]
Seated Liberty, With Motto 1866–1891[19]
Barber 1892–1915[20]
Walking Liberty 1916–1947[21]
Franklin 1948–1963[22]
Kennedy 1964 (General circulation issue)[23] (the last 90% silver half dollar for circulation, contains 0.36169 oz. net silver per coin, or 7.234 oz. silver per roll)
Kennedy 1992–present (silver proof sets available)

40% silver half dollars
Kennedy 1965–1969
Kennedy 1970 (collectors sets only)
Kennedy 1976 (only collectors sets produced with 40% silver)
Copper-nickel clad half dollars
Kennedy 1971–1974, 1977–1986, 1988–2001 (general circulation issues)
Kennedy 1987, 2002–present (collectors only)
Kennedy Bicentennial 1975–1976 (all dated 1776–1976.)
 Various half dollar designs

text: List of early commemorative issues[edit]

text:
Columbian half dollar (1892–1893)
Panama–Pacific half dollar (1915)
Illinois Centennial half dollar (1918)
Maine Centennial half dollar (1920)
Pilgrim Tercentenary half dollar (1920–1921)
Missouri Centennial half dollar (1921)
Alabama Centennial half dollar (1921)
Grant Memorial half dollar (1922)
Monroe Doctrine Centennial half dollar (1923)
Huguenot-Walloon half dollar (1924)
Lexington-Concord Sesquicentennial half dollar (1925)
Stone Mountain Memorial half dollar (1925)
California Diamond Jubilee half dollar (1925)
Fort Vancouver Centennial half dollar (1925)
United States Sesquicentennial half dollar (1926)
Oregon Trail Memorial half dollar (1926–1939)
Vermont Sesquicentennial half dollar (1927)
Hawaii Sesquicentennial half dollar (1928)
Maryland Tercentenary half dollar (1934)
Texas Centennial half dollar (1934–1938)
Daniel Boone Bicentennial half dollar (1934–1938)
Connecticut Tercentenary half dollar (1935)
Arkansas Centennial half dollar (1935–1939)
Arkansas-Robinson half dollar (1936)

Hudson Sesquicentennial half dollar (1935)
California Pacific International Exposition half dollar (1935–1936)
Old Spanish Trail half dollar (1935)
Rhode Island Tercentenary half dollar (1936)
Cleveland Centennial half dollar (1936)
Wisconsin Territorial Centennial half dollar (1936)
Cincinnati Musical Center half dollar (1936)
Long Island Tercentenary half dollar (1936)
York County, Maine Tercentenary half dollar (1936)
Bridgeport, Connecticut Centennial half dollar (1936)
Lynchburg Sesquicentennial half dollar (1936)
Elgin, Illinois, Centennial half dollar (1936)
Albany Charter half dollar (1936)
San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge half dollar (1936)
Columbia, South Carolina Sesquicentennial half dollar (1936)
Delaware Tercentenary half dollar (1936)
Battle of Gettysburg half dollar (1936)
Norfolk, Virginia Bicentennial half dollar (1936)
Roanoke Island half dollar (1937)
Battle of Antietam half dollar (1937)
New Rochelle, New York half dollar (1938)
Iowa Centennial half dollar (1946)
Booker T. Washington Memorial half dollar (1946–1954)