document_title: SEC Championship Game

question_text: when is the last time georgia won sec championship

text: SEC Championship Game

text: History[edit]

text: The SEC was the first NCAA conference in any division to hold a football championship game that was exempt from NCAA limits on regular-season contests. Such a game was made possible by two separate developments. The first came in 1987, when the NCAA membership approved a proposal sponsored by the Division II Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference and Central Intercollegiate Athletic Association that allowed any conference with 12 football members to split into divisions and stage a championship game between the divisional winners. The SEC took advantage of this rule by adding the University of Arkansas and the University of South Carolina in 1992, bringing the conference membership to 12, and splitting into two football divisions.[1] The format has since been adopted by other conferences to decide their football champion (the first being the Big 12 in 1996). If two SEC teams split a season series 1-1 but one team wins the SEC championship the winnings team victory makes the season series 1.5 to 1

text: The first two SEC Championship Games were held at Legion Field in Birmingham, Alabama. From 1994 until 2016, the game has been played at the Georgia Dome in Atlanta.[2] With the Georgia Dome scheduled to be demolished after the 2016 season, the SEC chose to keep the title game in Atlanta at the Georgia Dome's replacement, Mercedes-Benz Stadium. The game will be played at the new stadium through 2027.[3]

text: In 2016, Alabama and Florida met in the SEC Championship Game for the ninth time in the twenty-five year history of the game, the record for the most times any two teams have faced each other in the championship game. And at least one of those two teams has qualified for the game in 14 of 25 seasons. The only other matchup in the SEC Championship played more than twice is Georgia and LSU, which has been played three times. Alabama has faced Florida in nine of their eleven SEC Championship Game appearances. In addition, the 2009 game marked the second consecutive year that the No. 1 (Florida) and No. 2 (Alabama) ranked teams in the AP Poll met in the SEC Championship game. 2009 was the first time any conference championship game had featured two undefeated teams. Alabama won 32–13 and earned a berth in the 2010 BCS National Championship Game, which it went on to win as well.

text: Auburn and Missouri met in the 2013 SEC Championship Game (in Missouri's 2nd year in the SEC). Auburn won the game 59–42, breaking the previous record of 56 points for most points scored by a single team in the SEC Championship Game (previously set by Auburn in 2010).

text: In recent years, the game has been nicknamed the "national semifinal" for college football. The 2008, 2009, and 2012 games were essentially national semifinal games, as both participating teams were virtually guaranteed a berth in the BCS national championship game with a win. The 2013 game was not thought of as such at the time of the game, but results of other games later that day meant that it effectively was such a semifinal.

text: Between 2006 and 2013 the winner of the SEC Championship Game went on to play in the BCS National Championship Game eight straight years, posting a 6-2 record in the game. Since 2014, the SEC Championship Game winner has gone on to appear in the College Football Playoff every season.

text: Results[edit]

text: Results from all SEC Championship games that have been played.[4] Rankings are from the AP Poll released prior to matchup.

text:
Year
Eastern Division
Western Division
Site
Attendance
TV Rating
MVP

1992
12 Florida Gators
21
2 Alabama Crimson Tide
28
Legion Field • Birmingham, AL
83,091
9.8
CB Antonio Langham, Alabama

1993
9 Florida Gators
28
16 Alabama Crimson Tide
13
76,345

QB Terry Dean, Florida

1994
6 Florida Gators
24
3 Alabama Crimson Tide
23
Georgia Dome • Atlanta, GA
74,751
10.5
DT Ellis Johnson, Florida

1995
2 Florida Gators
34
23 Arkansas Razorbacks
3
71,325
7.2
QB Danny Wuerffel, Florida

1996
4 Florida Gators
45
11 Alabama Crimson Tide
30
74,132
7.0
QB Danny Wuerffel, Florida

1997
3 Tennessee Volunteers
30
11 Auburn Tigers
29
74,896

QB Peyton Manning, Tennessee

1998
1 Tennessee Volunteers
24
23 Mississippi State Bulldogs
14
74,795

WR Peerless Price, Tennessee

1999
5 Florida Gators
7
7 Alabama Crimson Tide
34
71,500

WR Freddie Milons, Alabama

2000
7 Florida Gators
28
18 Auburn Tigers
6
73,427

QB Rex Grossman, Florida

2001
2 Tennessee Volunteers
20
21 LSU Tigers
31
74,843
7.0
QB Matt Mauck, LSU

2002
4 Georgia Bulldogs
30
22 Arkansas Razorbacks
3
75,835
3.2
QB David Greene, Georgia

2003
5 Georgia Bulldogs
13
3 LSU Tigers
34
74,913
4.1
RB Justin Vincent, LSU

2004
15 Tennessee Volunteers
28
3 Auburn Tigers
38
74,892
4.8
QB Jason Campbell, Auburn

2005
13 Georgia Bulldogs
34
3 LSU Tigers
14
73,717
3.9
QB D. J. Shockley, Georgia

2006
4 Florida Gators
38
8 Arkansas Razorbacks
28
73,374
4.7
WR Percy Harvin, Florida

2007
15 Tennessee Volunteers
14
5 LSU Tigers
21
73,832
6.0
QB Ryan Perrilloux, LSU

2008
2 Florida Gators
31
1 Alabama Crimson Tide
20
75,892
10.4
QB Tim Tebow, Florida

2009
1 Florida Gators
13
2 Alabama Crimson Tide
32
75,514
11.8
QB Greg McElroy, Alabama

2010
19 South Carolina Gamecocks
17
1 Auburn Tigers
56
75,802
6.3
QB Cam Newton, Auburn

2011
12 Georgia Bulldogs
10
1 LSU Tigers
42
74,515
7.4
CB Tyrann Mathieu, LSU

2012
3 Georgia Bulldogs
28
2 Alabama Crimson Tide
32
75,624
10.0
RB Eddie Lacy, Alabama

2013
5 Missouri Tigers
42
3 Auburn Tigers
59
75,632
8.7
RB Tre Mason, Auburn

2014
14 Missouri Tigers
13
1 Alabama Crimson Tide
42
73,526
7.7
QB Blake Sims, Alabama

2015
18 Florida Gators
15
2 Alabama Crimson Tide
29
75,320
8.3[5]
RB Derrick Henry, Alabama

2016
15 Florida Gators
16
1 Alabama Crimson Tide
54
74,632
7.0
LB Reuben Foster, Alabama

2017
6 Georgia Bulldogs
28
4 Auburn Tigers
7
Mercedes-Benz Stadium • Atlanta, GA
76,532
8.4
LB Roquan Smith, Georgia

text: Results by team[edit]

text:
Appearances
School
Wins
Losses
Win %
Year(s) Won

12
Florida
7
5
.583
1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 2000, 2006, 2008

11
Alabama
7
4
.636
1992, 1999, 2009, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016

6
Auburn
3
3
.500
2004, 2010, 2013

6
Georgia
3
3
.500
2002, 2005, 2017

5
LSU
4
1
.800
2001, 2003, 2007, 2011

5
Tennessee
2
3
.400
1997, 1998

3
Arkansas
0
3
.000

2
Missouri
0
2
.000

1
Mississippi State
0
1
.000

1
South Carolina
0
1
.000

text: Kentucky, Ole Miss, Texas A&M, and Vanderbilt have yet to make an appearance in an SEC Championship Game.

text: Home/away designation[edit]

text: The team designated as the "home" team alternates between division champions. The designation goes to the Eastern champion in even-numbered years and the Western champion in odd-numbered years.

text: After the 2017 contest, the designated "home" team is 15–11 overall in SEC championship games.

text: In 2009, the Western division champion, Alabama, was the home team, ending a streak where the SEC Western team had worn white jerseys in nine consecutive SEC Championship Games (2000–2008). This was because LSU had represented the Western division in the previous four seasons that the Western division champion was the "home" team, and LSU traditionally chooses to wear white jerseys for home games. Additionally, for the next three years (2010–2012), the Eastern representative wore their home jerseys because in 2011, LSU again represented the Western division.[4]

text: Rematches[edit]

text: The SEC Championship game has featured a rematch of a regular season game a total of seven times (1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2010, 2017). The team which won the regular season game is 5–2 in the rematches, the exceptions being 2001 and 2017.

text: Common matchups[edit]

text: Matchups that have occurred more than once:

text:
# of Times
East Division
West Division
Record
Years Played

9
Florida
Alabama
Alabama 5–4
1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1999, 2008, 2009, 2015, 2016

3
Georgia
LSU
LSU 2–1
2003, 2005, 2011

2
Florida
Arkansas
Florida 2–0
1995, 2006

2
Tennessee
Auburn
Tied 1–1
1997, 2004

2
Tennessee
LSU
LSU 2–0
2001, 2007

text: Selection criteria[edit]

text: Division standings are based on each team's overall conference record. The SEC Commissioner's Regulations requires each football team play all eight conference games in a season in order to be eligible to compete for a divisional title and play in the SEC Championship Game. Often, two or more teams tie for the best record in their division and each team is recognized as a divisional co-champion. However, tiebreakers are used to determine who will represent the division in the championship game.[6]

text: Two-team tie-breaker procedure[edit]

text:
Head-to-head competition between the two tied teams.
Records of the tied teams within the division.
Records against the team within the division with the best overall (divisional and non-divisional) conference record and proceeding through the division. Multiple ties within the division will be broken from first to last.
Complete record vs. all non-divisional opponents.
Complete record vs. all common non-divisional teams if there be any.
Record vs. common non-divisional opponent (if there be any) with the best overall conference (divisional and non-divisional) record and proceeding through other common non-divisional teams based on their order of finish within their division.
Best cumulative conference winning percentage of non-divisional opponents
Coin flip of the tied teams

text: NOTE: Although all division rivals meet during the season and NCAA overtime is played in case of a tie game, the SEC has provisions in case a game ends in a tie under NCAA Rule 3-3-3 (c) and (d), Suspending the Game, or if the two tied teams did not play an official game because of weather. As such, SEC rules still contain the remaining procedures if those circumstances were to happen.[6]

text: Three or more-team procedure[edit]

text: (Once the tie has been reduced to two teams, go to the two-team tie-breaker format.)

text:
Combined head-to-head record among the tied teams.
Record of the tied teams within the division.
Records against the team within the division with the best overall (divisional and non-divisional) Conference record and proceeding through the division. Multiple ties within the division will be broken from first to last.
Complete record vs. non-division teams.
Complete record vs. all common non-divisional teams.
Record vs. common non-divisional team with the best overall Conference (divisional and non-divisional) record and proceeding through other common non-divisional teams based on their order of finish within their division.
Best cumulative Conference winning percentage of non-divisional opponents (Note: If two teams' non-divisional opponents have the same cumulative record, then the two-team tiebreaker procedures apply. If four teams are tied, and three teams' non-divisional opponents have the same cumulative record, the three-team tiebreaker procedures will be used beginning with #1
Coin flip of the tied teams with the team with the odd result being the representative (Example: If there are two teams with tails and one team with heads, the team with heads is the representative)

text: Winner's bowl performance[edit]

text: Currently the SEC champion plays in the Sugar Bowl unless they have been selected to play in a College Football Playoff semi-final bowl.[7] In the SEC Championship Game era, ten winners of the game have gone on to win the national title (outright or shared), with eleven SEC teams winning national titles overall, including seven consecutive titles from the 2006–2012 seasons. In 2011 LSU won the SEC Championship Game and advanced to the BCS National Championship Game which they lost 21–0 to fellow SEC member Alabama.

text: Rankings are from the AP Poll at the time the game was played.

text:
Season
SEC Champ
Result
Opponent
Opp. Conference
Bowl Game
National Champion

1992
#2 Alabama
W 34–13
#1 Miami
Big East
1993 Sugar Bowl[8]
Alabama

1993
#8 Florida
W 41–7
#3 West Virginia
Big East
1994 Sugar Bowl
Florida State

1994
#5 Florida
L 17–23
#7 Florida State
ACC
1995 Sugar Bowl
Nebraska

1995
#2 Florida
L 24–62
#1 Nebraska
Big 8
1996 Fiesta Bowl[8]
Nebraska

1996
#3 Florida
W 52–20
#1 Florida State
ACC
1997 Sugar Bowl
Florida

1997
#3 Tennessee
L 17–42
#2 Nebraska
Big 12
1998 Orange Bowl[8]
Nebraska, Michigan[9]

1998
#1 Tennessee
W 23–16
#2 Florida State
ACC
1999 Fiesta Bowl[10]
Tennessee

1999
#5 Alabama
L 34–35 OT
#8 Michigan
Big Ten
2000 Orange Bowl[11]
Florida State

2000
#7 Florida
L 20–37
#2 Miami
Big East
2001 Sugar Bowl
Oklahoma

2001
#12 LSU
W 47–34
#7 Illinois
Big Ten
2002 Sugar Bowl
Miami

2002
#4 Georgia
W 26–13
#16 Florida State
ACC
2003 Sugar Bowl
Ohio State

2003
#3 LSU
W 21–14
#2 Oklahoma
Big 12
2004 Sugar Bowl[10]
LSU, USC[12][13]

2004
#3 Auburn
W 16–13
#9 Virginia Tech
ACC
2005 Sugar Bowl
USC[14]

2005
#8 Georgia
L 35–38
#13 West Virginia
Big East
2006 Sugar Bowl
Texas

2006
#2 Florida
W 41–14
#1 Ohio State
Big Ten
2007 BCS Champ. Game[10]
Florida

2007
#2 LSU
W 38–24
#1 Ohio State
Big Ten
2008 BCS Champ. Game[10]
LSU

2008
#2 Florida
W 24–14
#1 Oklahoma
Big 12
2009 BCS Champ. Game[10]
Florida

2009
#1 Alabama
W 37–21
#2 Texas
Big 12
2010 BCS Champ. Game[10]
Alabama

2010
#1 Auburn
W 22–19
#2 Oregon
Pac-10
2011 BCS Champ. Game[10]
Auburn

2011
#1 LSU
L 0–21
#2 Alabama
SEC
2012 BCS Champ. Game[10]
Alabama

2012
#2 Alabama
W 42–14
#1 Notre Dame
Independent
2013 BCS Champ. Game[10]
Alabama

2013
#2 Auburn
L 31–34
#1 Florida State
ACC
2014 BCS Champ. Game[10]
Florida State

2014
#1 Alabama
L 35–42
#4 Ohio State
Big Ten
2015 Sugar Bowl (CFP Semifinal)
Ohio State

2015
#2 Alabama
W 38–0
#3 Michigan State
Big Ten
2015 Cotton Bowl (CFP Semifinal)
Alabama

W 45–40
#1 Clemson
ACC
2016 CFP National Championship

2016
#1 Alabama
W 24-7
#4 Washington
Pac-12
2016 Peach Bowl (CFP Semifinal)
Clemson

L 31–35
#2 Clemson
ACC
2017 CFP National Championship

2017
#3 Georgia
W 54-48
#2 Oklahoma
Big 12
2018 Rose Bowl (CFP Semifinal)
Alabama

L 23-26 OT
#4 Alabama
SEC
2018 CFP National Championship

text: Runner up's bowl performance[edit]

text:
Season
SEC Runner Up
Result
Opponent
Opp. Conference
Bowl Game

1992
#14 Florida
W 27–10
#12 NC State
ACC
1992 Gator Bowl

1993
#18 Alabama
W 24–10
#12 North Carolina
ACC
1993 Gator Bowl

1994
#6 Alabama
W 24–17
#13 Ohio State
Big Ten
1995 Citrus Bowl

1995
#24 Arkansas
L 10–20
North Carolina
ACC
1995 Carquest Bowl

1996
#16 Alabama
W 17–14
#15 Michigan
Big Ten
1997 Outback Bowl

1997
#13 Auburn
W 21–17
Clemson
ACC
1998 Peach Bowl

1998
#25 Mississippi State
L 11–38
#20 Texas
Big 12
1999 Cotton Bowl

1999
#10 Florida
L 34–37
#9 Michigan State
Big Ten
2000 Citrus Bowl

2000
#20 Auburn
L 28–31
#17 Michigan
Big Ten
2001 Citrus Bowl

2001
#8 Tennessee
W 45–17
#17 Michigan
Big Ten
2002 Citrus Bowl

2002
#25 Arkansas
L 14–29
Minnesota
Big Ten
2002 Music City Bowl

2003
#11 Georgia
W 34–27
#12 Purdue
Big Ten
2004 Capital One Bowl

2004
#15 Tennessee
W 38–7
#22 Texas A&M
Big 12
2005 Cotton Bowl

2005
#10 LSU
W 40–3
#9 Miami
ACC
2005 Peach Bowl

2006
#12 Arkansas
L 14–17
#6 Wisconsin
Big Ten
2007 Capital One Bowl

2007
#16 Tennessee
W 21–17
#18 Wisconsin
Big Ten
2008 Outback Bowl

2008
#4 Alabama
L 17–31
#6 Utah
Mountain West
2009 Sugar Bowl

2009
#5 Florida
W 51–24
#4 Cincinnati
Big East
2010 Sugar Bowl

2010
#19 South Carolina
L 17–26
#23 Florida State
ACC
2010 Chick-Fil-A Bowl

2011
#18 Georgia
L 30–33 3OT
#12 Michigan State
Big Ten
2012 Outback Bowl

2012
#7 Georgia
W 45–31
#16 Nebraska
Big Ten
2013 Capital One Bowl

2013
#9 Missouri
W 41–31
#13 Oklahoma State
Big 12
2014 Cotton Bowl Classic

2014
#16 Missouri
W 33–17
#25 Minnesota
Big Ten
2015 Citrus Bowl

2015
#19 Florida
L 7–41
#14 Michigan
Big Ten
2016 Citrus Bowl

2016
#20 Florida
W 30–3
#21 Iowa
Big Ten
2017 Outback Bowl

2017
#7 Auburn
L 27-34
#10 UCF
American
2018 Peach Bowl

text: Footnotes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ Staples, Andy (May 16, 2014). "Should NCAA alter title game requirements? Look at the rule's origin". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved January 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Southeastern Conference". www.secsports.com.
Jump up ^ "SEC Championship Game to remain in Atlanta until 2027". ESPN. Retrieved 8 September 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Southeastern Conference". secsports.com.
Jump up ^ "CFB Week 14 Overnights: SEC Championship Top Game of Season - Sports Media Watch". 6 December 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Southeastern Conference". www.secdigitalnetwork.com.
Jump up ^ "nokiasugarbowl.com". www.nokiasugarbowl.com.
^ Jump up to: a b c Bowl Coalition (1992-1994) or Bowl Alliance (1995-1997) Championship Game
Jump up ^ Nebraska shared the 1997 NCAA title with Michigan
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j BCS National Championship Game
Jump up ^ Alabama took the spot of ACC champion Florida State in the Orange Bowl, as the Seminoles were selected to play in the BCS national championship game in the Sugar Bowl.
Jump up ^ "Maisel: Power to the people". ESPN.com. 14 July 2004.
Jump up ^ http://media.www.mtsusidelines.com/media/storage/paper202/news/2004/01/14/Sports/Lsu-Usc.Split.National.Championship-580477.shtml
Jump up ^ Southern California won the BCS Championship but the title was vacated following an investigation into improper payments to various players. USC retained its AP National Championship.


document_title: State of Origin series

question_text: how many series has qld won in a row

question_tokens: how many series has qld won in a row

root

text: State of Origin series

text: Teams[edit]

text: Since the 1908 establishment of rugby league in Australia, the sport's two major states, New South Wales and Queensland, have played representative matches against each other which have continued into the "state of origin" era which began in the 1980s. The two states' teams are frequently referred to as the Blues and Maroons, reflecting the respective colours of their jerseys. These were the colours of the Australia national rugby league team's jersey until the adoption of the green and gold. The Blues team is administered by the New South Wales Rugby League and the Maroons by the Queensland Rugby League. The New South Wales team are sometimes referred to by the nickname "Cockroaches" and the Queensland team as "Cane Toads", due to names given to them by Barry Muir and Johnny Raper respectively. It was reinforced by a marketing campaign used in the 1980s where the respective teams were caricatured as such.

tag: p

text: Whilst other Australian states also have representative rugby league teams, they have not competed in State of Origin.

text: History[edit]

text: Interstate Rugby League prior to 1980[edit]

text: The first calls for a state of origin selection policy in interstate rugby football came before the schism between the union and league codes eventuated in Australia. In 1900 a journalist known as 'The Cynic' wrote in The Referee that star rugby player and recent immigrant to Queensland, Stephen Spragg, should be able to play for his home state of New South Wales.[1]

text: Since the beginning of Australian rugby league in 1908, an interstate competition between New South Wales and Queensland has been conducted from time to time. Until 1982 each team drew its players from the clubs based in that state. No consideration was given to the origins of the players themselves.[2]

text: The first of these interstate games was played at Sydney's Agricultural Ground on 11 July 1908, before Queensland had even commenced its club competition. New South Wales easily accounted for Queensland in a 43–0 victory. The local media were unimpressed.

text: The interstate series was dominated by New South Wales, apart from a golden period for Queensland in the 1920s. From 1922 to 1925 Queensland defeated New South Wales 11 times in 12 matches. At the end of the 1925 season a Kangaroo team was to be picked for touring Great Britain. Instead of announcing an Australian team dominated by Queenslanders, the Australian Rugby League Board of Control informed the media that the Rugby Football League had decided that the Kiwis would provide stronger opposition, and that there would be no Australian tour.[4] The period spanning 1922 to 1929 saw no Australian team play in Great Britain, the only such hiatus outside the two World Wars.[5]

text: The New South Wales dominance of interstate football increased after 1956 when gaming machines were legalised for all registered clubs in New South Wales. This provided New South Wales football clubs with a revenue source unmatched by Queensland clubs. From this time on an increasing number of Queensland players moved to the much stronger Sydney competition, becoming ineligible for Queensland state selection. Paul Hogan famously told a Queensland Rugby League gathering in 1977 that "every time Queensland produces a good footballer, he finishes up being processed through a New South Wales poker machine."[6]

text: Prior to 1956, NSW had won 75% and Qld only 25% of series played. From 1956–1981, NSW dominance soared even higher and Qld wins dwindled to only 3.8% with only 1 series win, in 1959.

text: Conception of State of Origin football[edit]

text: By the 1970s the prestige of interstate matches had been seriously downgraded. Matches were played mid-week, so as not to interfere with the Sydney club competition, and the small crowds in New South Wales were hosted at suburban grounds.[12] Interstate football reached its nadir in 1977 when the New South Wales Rugby Football League (NSWRFL) declined to host the Queensland team, and both interstate games were played in Queensland.[7]

text: Former Queensland captain and Australian vice-captain Jack Reardon, who had later become a journalist, was the first to suggest that Sydney-based Queenslanders should be available for selection to represent their state.[13]

text: Brisbane Courier-Mail reporter Hugh Lunn, Barry Maranta (the future co-founder of the Brisbane Broncos) [8] and Maranta's business partner Wayne Reid played a part in persuading QRL chairman Ron McAullife that the concept could be used in rugby league.[9] Lunn told McAullife that "you can take the Queenslander out of Queensland, Ron, but you can't take the Queensland out of the Queenslander."[10] McAuliffe was initially sceptical. "What if we recall our boys from Sydney to play, and we are beaten. Where would we go from there?" Reid spoke to NSWRFL president Kevin Humphreys and suggested that a one-off state of origin match could be used as a Test Match selection trial. [11]

text: New South Wales clubs were reticent in their support of the concept and set two conditions:

text:
If the third game was to decide the series it was not to act as a selection trial, and also,
that the expatriate Queenslanders would be under the supervision of a representative of the NSWRFL whose duty it would be to protect the interests of both the NSWRFL and the clubs to which they were contracted. (From 1980 this role was filled by Bob Abbott, a Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks official.)

tag: ul

text: Three Sydney clubs remained opposed to the plan: St. George Dragons, South Sydney Rabbitohs and Eastern Suburbs Roosters. As these clubs were refusing to release players, Humphreys threatened to make the game an official Australian Rugby League trial, which would make release mandatory. The clubs backed down.[12]

text: Experimentation[edit]

text: After Queensland lost the first two interstate matches in 1980 (35–3 and 17–7, the second game in front of only 1,638 Sydneysiders) it was announced that a 'state of origin' match would take place on 8 July at Lang Park in Brisbane. The New South Wales media gave both the event, and Queensland's chance of winning it, little credence, calling the game a "three day wonder". Australia's 1978 captain Bob Fulton called the match "the non-event of the century". Ron MacAullife however, was now committed to the concept and vigorously promoted the match. Thousands of tickets were sold before the game had been officially sanctioned. Although interstate matches in Brisbane had still been well attended (24,653 had attended the opening match of the 1979 series), few expected the sell-out crowd of 33,210 Queensland rugby league fans, delighted to see their heroes in the likes of Arthur Beetson representing their home state for the first time ever. Queensland convincingly beat New South Wales 20–10.[13]

text: I was strongly against such a match, but last night's gripping clash showed that such a fixture would be a welcome addition to the League program.[14]

text: In 1981 the first two interstate matches were again played under the old selection rules. As New South Wales won the first two matches in the series, state of origin selection rules were used once more in the third match. Although New South Wales ran out to an early 15–0 lead in the game, Queensland rallied to win 22–15.

text: Adoption[edit]

text: The interest generated by the experimental state of origin matches of 1980 and 1981 and the potential for financial rewards were enough to convince the authorities to play all three games under state of origin rules the following year.[14]

text: The State of Origin format is the only possible way to allow the interstate series to survive.

text: Despite the Maroons' success so far in the State of Origin experiments, the New South Wales media dismissed the seriousness of the Queensland threat to the Blues' long-held dominance in series wins. Queensland however, under the leadership of immortal captain Wally Lewis, was inspired by this, and for the first three State of Origin series Queensland won 2 matches to 1.

text: However, in 1985, under the leadership of captain Steve Mortimer, New South Wales won the deciding match in front of 29,068 spectators at the Sydney Cricket Ground, claiming the series for the first time. The following year the Blues were able to go one better and complete the first state of origin whitewash, taking the series 3–0.[15]

text: 1987: American controversy[edit]

text: After Queensland had won the 1987 series 2–1, a fourth game was played at Long Beach, California to showcase rugby league to the American public.[16]

text: In Origin: Rugby League's Greatest Contest 1980–2002 (2003) Queensland writer Jack Gallaway tells a story:

text: In 1987 the Australian Rugby League (ARL), New South Wales Rugby League and Queensland Rugby League agreed that the match would only count towards the players' individual statistics. On 15 July 2003 the Australian Rugby League (whose primary members are originally from the New South Wales Rugby League) announced that the fourth 1987 game was to be classified as an official match, and that a win in the state of origin match on 16 July 2003 would take New South Wales into the overall lead.

text: ARL and NSWRL chief executive Geoff Carr said: "There had been some debate over whether the Origin fixture . . . in 1987 was counted as an official match but a search of ARL records has confirmed the status conferred on that clash by the game's governing body at the time. In announcing the match in Big League in April 1987, Ken Arthurson, the ARL's chief executive in 1987, was quoted as saying 'It's an exciting experiment but the match isn't and won't be billed as an exhibition match'."

text: After the controversy of the match played in the United States, the Queensland halves pairing of Allan Langer and Wally Lewis led the Maroons in their 3–0 series wins in both 1988 and 1989. The rise of the Canberra Raiders in the then Winfield Cup club competition produced for the Blues the formidable halves combination of Ricky Stuart and Laurie Daley who brought New South Wales back from defeat with two wins in the opening games of the 1990 series. It was evident that as the rivalry between the two states grew, the Origin matches had become much more physical forward orientated game than the open running play seen in earlier series.[18]

text: As the great Queensland players from the 1980s began to retire from the game, the Maroons struggled with a team of fresh faces and considerable inexperience. The 1992, 1993 and 1994 series all went to NSW as the talent and experience of Blues players such as Brett Mullins, Daley and Stuart in the backs and Benny Elias and Bradley Clyde in the forwards gave the Blues the edge when the games were on the line. It wasn't until the upheaval of the Super League war in 1995 that the Maroons were able to again clinch a series.

text: A main cause for concern for Queensland was the fact that the Brisbane Broncos, its players and many other Queenslanders were not aligned with the ARL prohibiting any players signed with the Super League to play for the Maroons. Despite this the Queenslanders won the 1995 series 3–0 in a shocking white-wash. The 1996 series saw the off-field contract dramas put aside as all players were allowed, regardless of contract, state of origin selection. Having the majority of the Queenslanders back didn't help the Maroons though as the Blues 1996 white-wash with a 3–0 series win of their own.

text: The Australian game divided in 1997 into two competitions, one run by the ARL and one by the News Limited-owned Super League, and an interstate series was played in each. Under the Super League banner there was a Tri-Origin series with a New Zealand side added to the competition. The ARL meanwhile stuck to its traditional format. The teams were selected using origin rules, and New South Wales and Queensland met twice. These matches do not count towards the official state of origin record. As with the premiership, players were spread between two representative tournaments as well.

text: The competitions merged again in 1998 as the current National Rugby League, and the series that year proved to be enthralling as both sides won a game each away from home, setting up a decider at the Sydney Football Stadium where 39,000 fans witnessed the visiting Queenslanders take the series 2–1. The end of the decade saw a dramatic series with each side taking one game each and game three ending in a draw. Queensland were awarded the series as at the time the previous winners retained the interstate honours.

text: The early to mid-2000s saw New South Wales starting to assert its traditional interstate dominance, causing some critics [who?] to question the future of State of Origin. However, this imbalance tipped in the third and deciding game of the 2006 State of Origin series, which is seen as the starting point of Queensland's unprecedented dynasty. Queensland followed by winning the 2007 series, as well as the 2008 series, which made Queensland's streak three series in a row. New South Wales won Game 1 on 21 May 2008, however Queensland won Game 2 on 11 June 2008, and Game 3 on 2 July 2008. Queensland continued to follow this up by winning the first two games of the 2009 series becoming the first state to win four series in a row.

text: Queensland won its historic, record breaking, fifth consecutive Origin series with a 23–18 win in the third and final match of the State of Origin, 2010. This was the first Queensland team to win all three consecutive State of Origin Games in 15 years. Queensland full back Billy Slater won man of the match in the third game and was awarded the Wally Lewis Medal as Man of the Series in 2010.

text: The 2010 State of Origin series was also the second televised program in Australia to be shot in 3D 1080i DVB-T as well as being simultaneously broadcast in regular 576i and 1080i DVB-T and PAL.

text: In the first game of the 2011 series Queensland defeated New South Wales 16–12. In the second game of the 2011 series New South Wales defeated Queensland 18–8. Queensland won the series 34–24 in the 2011 decider in what was Queensland captain Darren Lockyer's 36th and final game. Cameron Smith won man of the match in both the first and third game and was awarded the Wally Lewis Medal as Man of the Series.

text: In 2012, then NRL CEO David Gallop introduced the Under-20s State of Origin for Toyota Cup players which saw New South Wales winning. Queensland went on to win an historic 7th series win in 2012, winning the final game by 1 point.

text: In 2013, New South Wales defeated Queensland 14 to 6 in game 1, Queensland defeated New South Wales 26 to 6 in game 2, while in game 3 Queensland defeated New South Wales 12 to 10 to take out the overall Origin title for the eighth consecutive time. The 2013 series set a new State of Origin television ratings record for a whole series since the 2001 introduction of the ratings system.[16]

text: In 2014, New South Wales defeated Queensland 12-8 in the first game of the series, and 6-4 in the second.[17] In the third game Queensland defeated New South Wales 32-8 after scoring the first try of the game in the 37th minute, with Queensland leading 6-2 in the first half. This gave the Blues the first series win in 8 years.

text: In 2015, Queensland defeated New South Wales 11-10 in game 1 played in Sydney, New South Wales defeated Queensland 26-18 in game 2 played in Melbourne, Queensland defeated New South Wales 52-6 in game 3 played in Brisbane, winning the series 2-1.

text: In 2016, Queensland defeated New South Wales 6-4 in game 1 and clinched the series with a 26-16 win in the second match. New South Wales closed off the series with a 18-14 win over Queensland.

text: In 2017, New South Wales won Game 1, 28-4 sparking the New South Wales media to start proclaiming the beginning of the Blues Dynasty. Queensland won Game 2, 18-16 after making changes to the team with the returning Billy Slater and Johnathan Thurston, who kicked the winning goal for Queensland. Thurston injured his shoulder in the 30th minute of the match, essentially disabling it as he played out the whole match. Thurston was later ruled out for the rest of the year after scans revealed his shoulder needed a reconstruction, ending his representative career as he announced 2017 would be his last representative year. In Game 3, New South Wales went in with an unchanged lineup for all three games, the first to do so since 1996. Queensland dominated the Blues, winning 22-6, with Queensland Winger Dane Gagai winning the Wally Lewis Medal for Best Player in the series. It also had Johnathan Thurston raise the Origin Shield with Queensland Captain Cameron Smith, before being chaired off the ground by his teammates, ending Thurston's representative career on a high note.

text: Venues[edit]

text: Queensland[edit]

text:
Venue
City
No. of Games
Highest Crowd
Lowest Crowd

Lang Park (Brisbane Stadium/Suncorp Stadium)
Brisbane
52
52,540
16,559

Queensland Sport and Athletics Centre (QE2 Stadium)
Brisbane
2
49,441
47,989

tag: table

text: New South Wales[edit]

text:
Venue
City
No. of Games
Highest Crowd
Lowest Crowd

Stadium Australia (Telstra Stadium/ANZ Stadium)
Sydney
25
88,336
55,421

Sydney Football Stadium (Allianz Stadium)
Sydney
14
41,955
16,910

Sydney Cricket Ground (SCG)
Sydney
6
42,048
20,242

text: Interstate & International[edit]

text:
Venue
City
State
Country
No. of Games
Highest Crowd
Lowest Crowd

Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG)
Melbourne
Victoria
Australia
4
91,513
25,105

Docklands Stadium (Telstra Dome/Etihad Stadium)
Melbourne
Victoria
Australia
3
56,021
50,967

Olympic Park Stadium
Melbourne
Victoria
Australia
1
25,800
–

Veterans Memorial Stadium
Long Beach
California
United States
1
12,439
–

text: Popularity[edit]

text: In 2013, each individual game in the series drew a higher Australian television audience than any other sporting event.[18] In recent years the series has gained popularity outside of New South Wales and Queensland, with games played in Melbourne drawing record crowds for rugby league [19] and local television ratings comparable to those of some Victorian AFL matches.[20] Internationally, the series is televised in 91 countries,[21] and is a national obsession in Papua New Guinea, occasionally sparking riots, violence and deaths.[22][23] It also draws a strong following in neighbouring New Zealand.[24]

text: Broadcasting[edit]

text: Within Australia, Nine Network is the main broadcaster for the series, with replays airing on Fox Sports. The series is also broadcast on radio by ABC Grandstand.

text: Setanta Sports broadcasts live matches in Asia. In the United States, Fox Soccer televised all matches live using the Nine feed since 2011, with the coverage moving to Fox Sports 2 when Fox Soccer was discontinued in August 2013.[25][26] Premier Sports broadcasts live coverage of State of Origin in the UK.

text: Another twist on the coverage was Roy and HG's State of Origin commentary on Australian youth radio network Triple J. This broadcast was presented by the characters "Rampaging" Roy Slaven and HG Nelson (played by John Doyle and Greig Pickhaver), who commentated the game with a unique comedic style. Roy and HG's broadcasts began in the late 1980s, and continued until 2008. Roy and HG moved from Triple J to radio network Triple M in 2009, at which point the duo ceased their State of Origin commentary.

text: Selection rules[edit]

text: Under State of Origin rules players were previously selected for the state in which they first played senior (or registered) rugby league.[19] In 2012, the NSWRL, CRL, QRL and ARLC agreed on new criteria in determining Origin eligibility, to encompass other factors, such as place of birth [20]. Players must also be eligible to represent Australia at international level.

text: Controversy[edit]

text: From time to time the selection of players under the State of Origin rules creates controversy. Since 1980, Queensland has completed just the 7 series with a team completely made up of players of a Queensland birth, while for New South Wales the total is only 6.[27] However, place of birth has only been a relevant factor in eligibility since 2012.

text: An issue of contention has been the selection of players such as Peter Sterling, Ken Nagas, James McManus, Israel Folau and Greg Inglis. Folau was born and raised in New South Wales but is eligible to play for Queensland as he played his first senior rugby league match in Queensland. Ken Nagas was born and raised in Queensland but decided to play for New South Wales, Peter Sterling was born in Toowoomba, Queensland and raised in Wagga Wagga, Newcastle & Sydney, all in New South Wales, while McManus was born in Scotland and was raised in the Northern Territory, but was ruled eligible to play for New South Wales in the 2009 series.

text: The selection of Greg Inglis by Queensland was disputed. The Queensland Rugby League selected him based on the fact that either Wavell State High School or Brisbane Norths was Inglis' first senior football, making him eligible for both states per the rules at the time.[28][29][30] However Inglis had previously played for Hunter Sports High School in Newcastle, New South Wales, in the Arrive Alive Cup; considered to be a senior competition. Hunter Sports High coach Steve Dunn said "there was some talk the other day that he was actually brought to Queensland before his 16th birthday but I was coach of the team. He played for us at 16, he's a Blue".[31] The controversy led to the creation of the "That's In Queensland" viral video.

text: Due to the clarification of selection rules the Sims brothers are eligible for different States. Tariq and Ashton are eligible for New South Wales while Korbin Sims is eligible for Queensland.[32] Previously father and son combinations, such as Steve and Mat Rogers have represented different states. This duo was especially notable because Mat was born in New South Wales and played for Queensland while Steve was born in Queensland and played for New South Wales. Steve Rogers played his first senior game of rugby league for the Southport Tigers on Queenslands Gold Coast

text: Foreign born players have also represented each state. New Zealand has had several players, such as Brad Thorn, Ben Te'o, Craig Smith, Willie Mason, Tonie Carroll, James Tamou and Karmichael Hunt play Origin. Tamou's selection by New South Wales in 2012 was controversial as he was born in Palmerston North and played for the Junior Kiwis, lived in New Zealand until he moved to Sydney when he was 13 and was included in the New Zealand Kiwis training squad for the 2011 Four Nations.[33] Both Hunt and Tamou played for Australia before being selected for State of Origin. Other players, such as Sam Kasiano and Jason Taumalolo are also eligible, creating concern in the New Zealand Rugby League.[34] Apart from representing Queensland, Brad Thorn is also a dual rugby international, having played international rugby league for Australia, and international rugby union for the All Blacks.

text: Papua New Guinea-born Adrian Lam and Fijian-born Lote Tuqiri, Akuila Uate and Petero Civoniceva have also played Origin. Benny Elias was born in Lebanon and has played for and captained NSW. Mario Fenech was born in Malta and has played for NSW. The most recent case of a foreign born player being selected was the selection of former Samoan international, Ben Te'o, by Queensland in game three of the 2012 season.[35]

text: A report into eligibility based on a player's birth state showed; "Of the 18 series that QLD has won, it had the greater percentage of non-State [born] players in its side on 14 of those occasions – revealing a 77.8% dependency. Of the 13 series that NSW has won, on five of those occasions it had the higher percentage of non-State [born] players across the series – revealing a 38.5% dependency."[27]

text: Anomalies[edit]

text:
In 1995 and 1997 Super League players were made ineligible for the ARL State of Origin series selection. This included most of Queensland's usual team, who now played for the Super League affiliated Brisbane Broncos. The ARL hence decided to relax the rules in those years, allowing Queensland to select Adrian Lam who had previously played for Papua New Guinea. The 1995 Origin series was the scene of the biggest upset in Origin history when the relatively inexperienced Maroon's swept aside NSW, who even without their Super League players could still boast a number of senior Origin and international players, 3-0.
During the 2000 World Cup a number of Australian players were granted dispensations to appear for other nations under the grandparent rule. The players affected were David Barnhill (NSW), Kevin Campion (Qld), Tonie Carroll (Qld), Graham Mackay (NSW), Willie Mason (NSW), Luke Ricketson (NSW), Lote Tuqiri (Qld) and Adrian Vowles (Qld), [21] [22]

tag: ol

text: Results[edit]

text: Year by year[edit]

text: Of the 36 full series played, Queensland have won 21, New South Wales 13, with 2 series drawn (Queensland retained the Shield on both occasions as the previous year's winner). With the addition of three one-off games that were played in 1980, 1981 and 1987, the total number of games played is 108. Queensland have won 58, New South Wales have won 48, with 2 matches being drawn.[36]

text: The series of 1999 and 2002 are considered drawn series, as both New South Wales and Queensland won a single game of each 3 match series, with the final game concluding in a draw. At that time there was no overtime rule to break the deadlock, and by the same set of rules, Queensland retained the shield as they were the previous holders, but did not win the series. Due to controversy around the second drawn series, and the rule awarding the series champions to Queensland, the rules were subsequently changed to rule out drawn matches and series. Equal points at the close of full-time are now resolved with the golden point method.

text:
State of Origin series

Year
Winner
Wins
Losses
Drawn
Shield Holder

1982
Queensland
2
1
0
Queensland

1983
Queensland
2
1
0
Queensland

1984
Queensland
2
1
0
Queensland

1985
New South Wales
2
1
0
New South Wales

1986
New South Wales
3
0
0
New South Wales

1987
Queensland
2
1[23]
0
Queensland

1988
Queensland
3
0
0
Queensland

1989
Queensland
3
0
0
Queensland

1990
New South Wales
2
1
0
New South Wales

1991
Queensland
2
1
0
Queensland

1992
New South Wales
2
1
0
New South Wales

1993
New South Wales
2
1
0
New South Wales

1994
New South Wales
2
1
0
New South Wales

1995
Queensland
3
0
0
Queensland

1996
New South Wales
3
0
0
New South Wales

1997
New South Wales
2
1
0
New South Wales

1998
Queensland
2
1
0
Queensland

1999
Draw
1
1
1
Queensland

2000
New South Wales
3
0
0
New South Wales

2001
Queensland
2
1
0
Queensland

2002
Draw
1
1
1
Queensland

2003
New South Wales
2
1
0
New South Wales

2004
New South Wales
2
1
0
New South Wales

2005
New South Wales
2
1
0
New South Wales

2006
Queensland
2
1
0
Queensland

2007
Queensland
2
1
0
Queensland

2008
Queensland
2
1
0
Queensland

2009
Queensland
2
1
0
Queensland

2010
Queensland
3
0
0
Queensland

2011
Queensland
2
1
0
Queensland

2012
Queensland
2
1
0
Queensland

2013
Queensland
2
1
0
Queensland

2014
New South Wales
2
1
0
New South Wales

2015
Queensland
2
1
0
Queensland

2016
Queensland
2
1
0
Queensland

2017
Queensland
2
1
0
Queensland

text:
State of Origin non-series matches

Year
Winner
Wins
Losses
Drawn

1980
Queensland
1
0
0

1981
Queensland
1
0
0

1987
New South Wales
1
0
0

text: Wally Lewis Medal[edit]

text: From 1992 to 2003 the Wally Lewis Medal was awarded by the Queensland Rugby League for the Queensland player of the series. Since 2003 it has been awarded to the player of the series, irrespective of state. The following players have been awarded the Wally Lewis Medal for player of the series1. Cameron Smith has won the medal a record four times.

text:
Recipients

Year
Player
State
Position
Club

2004
Craig Fitzgibbon
New South Wales
Lock
Sydney Roosters

2005
Anthony Minichiello
New South Wales
Fullback
Sydney Roosters

2006
Darren Lockyer
Queensland
Five-eighth
Brisbane Broncos

2007
Cameron Smith
Queensland
Hooker
Melbourne Storm

2008
Johnathan Thurston
Queensland
Halfback, Five-eighth
North Queensland Cowboys

2009
Greg Inglis
Queensland
Centre
Melbourne Storm

2010
Billy Slater
Queensland
Fullback
Melbourne Storm

2011
Cameron Smith
Queensland
Hooker
Melbourne Storm

2012
Nate Myles
Queensland
Second-row
Gold Coast Titans

2013
Cameron Smith
Queensland
Hooker
Melbourne Storm

2014
Paul Gallen
New South Wales
Lock, Prop
Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks

2015
Corey Parker
Queensland
Lock
Brisbane Broncos

2016
Cameron Smith
Queensland
Hooker
Melbourne Storm

2017
Dane Gagai
Queensland
Wing
Newcastle Knights

text: 1The award was originally a Queensland only award from Lewis' retirement in 1992 until 2003, where the best player of the series could win the award, regardless of their state. The Ron McAuliffe Medal replaced the Wally Lewis Medal as the Queensland exclusive award.

text: Records[edit]

text: Team[edit]

text:
Most points scored in a game: 72, New South Wales 56 - 16 Queensland (Game III, 2000)
Most points scored by a team: 56, New South Wales 56 - 16 Queensland (Game III, 2000)
Largest winning margin: 46, Queensland 52 - 6 New South Wales (Game III, 2015)
Most consecutive games won: 8, Queensland (Game II, 1987 - Game III, 1989)
Most consecutive series won: 8, Queensland (2006–2013)
Most series clean sweeps: 4, Queensland (1988–1989, 1995, 2010)

text: Individual[edit]

text:
Oldest player: 36 years 74 days, Petero Civoniceva (2012) (Queensland)
Youngest player: 18 years and 83 days, Ben Ikin (1995) (Queensland)

text: Playing[edit]

text:
Most games: 42 Cameron Smith (2003–2017) (Queensland)
Most consecutive games: 36 Johnathan Thurston (2005–2017) (Queensland)
Most games as captain: 30 Wally Lewis (1981–1991) (Queensland)
Most games won: 24 Cameron Smith (2003–2017) (Queensland)
Most series won: 11 Cameron Smith (2006–2013, 2015–present) (Queensland) & Johnathan Thurston (2006–2013, 2015–2017) (Queensland)1
Most Man of the Match Awards won: 8 Wally Lewis (1982–1991) (Queensland)
Most points: 224 Johnathan Thurston (2005–2017) (Queensland)
Most tries: 18 Greg Inglis (2006–present) (Queensland)
Most goals: 101 Johnathan Thurston (2005–2017) (Queensland)
Most field goals: 4 Andrew Johns (1995–2005) (New South Wales)
Most points in one game: 32 Ryan Girdler (Game III, 2000) (New South Wales)
Most points in one series: 52 Ryan Girdler (2000) (New South Wales)
Most tries in one game: 3 (Anderson, Boustead, Girdler, Tuqiri, Sing, King, Gagai, Holmes)
Most tries in one series: 5 Ryan Girdler (2000) (New South Wales), Lote Tuqiri (2002) (Queensland)
Most goals in one game: 10 Ryan Girdler (Game III, 2000) (New South Wales)
Most goals in one series: 16 Ryan Girdler (2000) (New South Wales)
Most field goals in one game: 2 Ben Elias (Game III, 1994) (New South Wales)
Most field goals in one series: 2 Ben Elias (1994) (New South Wales), Andrew Johns (2003) (New South Wales)

text: Coaching[edit]

text:
Most games: 30 Mal Meninga (2006–2015) (Queensland)
Most games won: 19 Mal Meninga (2006–2015) (Queensland)
Most series won: 9 Mal Meninga (2006–2015) (Queensland)

text: These records that are about to be shown are mainly about the stadium's and players of the game. All this info can be found at http://afltables.com/rl/soo/records.html.

text:
Basic Records

Venue
Games
NSW
Drw
Qld
NSW pts
QLD pts
Total pts

Lang Park
52
18
1
33
745 (124-127-5)
1011 (170-167-8)
1756 (294-294-13)

S.C.G
6
3
0
3
68 (12-10-1)
76 (14-11-0
144 (26-21-1)

Long Beach
1
1
0
0
30 (5-5-0)
18 (3-3-0)
48 (8-8-0)

S.F.S
14
6
0
8
189 (33-28-1)
199 (34-31-1)
388 (77-59-2)

Olympic
1
1
0
0
12 (2-2-0)
6 (1-1-0)
18 (3-3-0)

M.C.G
4
3
0
1
67 (11-11-1)
52 (9-8-0)
119 (20-19-1)

Stadium Australia
25
16
1
8
471 (81-71-5)
318 (57-44-2)
789 (138-115-7)

QEII
2
0
0
2
32 (5-6-0)
66 (13-7-0)
98 (18-13-0)

Docklands
3
0
0
3
42 (8-5-0)
62 (11-9-0)
104 (19-14-0)

Totals
108
48
2
58
1656 (281-265-13)
1808 (312-281-11)
3464 (593-546-24)

text:
Leading Try Scorers

Try Scorer
State
Games
Tries (Ave.)

Greg Inglis
QLD
30
18 (0.60)

Darius Boyd
QLD
28
17(0.65)

Dale Shearer
QLD
26
12 (0.46)

Billy Slater
QLD
29
12 (0.44)

Michael O'Connor
NSW
19
11 (0.58)

Allan Langer
QLD
34
10 (0.29)

Darren Lockyer
QLD
36
9 (0.25)

Jarryd Hayne
NSW
23
11 (0.45)

Timana Tahu
NSW
12
8 (0.67)

Anthony Minichiello
NSW
11
8 (0.73)

Brad Fittler
NSW
31
8 (0.26)

text:
Leading Point Scores

Point Scorers
State
Games
Tries
Goals
Field Goals
Points (Ave.)

Johnathan Thurston
QLD
37
5
101
2
234 (5.94)

Mal Meninga
QLD
32
6
69
0
161 (5.03)

Michael O'Connor
NSW
19
11
42
1
129 (6.79)

Andrew Johns
NSW
23
4
38
4
96 (4.17)

Darren Lockyer
QLD
36
9
22
2
82 (2.28)

Ryan Girdler
NSW
8
7
27
0
82 (10.25)

Greg Inglis
QLD
30
18
0
0
72 (2.40)

Darius Boyd
QLD
28
17
0
0
68 (2.62)

Dale Shearer
QLD
26
12
9
0
66 (2.54)

Rod Wishart
NSW
22
5
22
0
64 (2.91)

Cameron Smith
QLD
42
5
19
0
64 (1.33)

text:
Venue Stats

Venue
State
Games
Total Attendance
Average

Lang Park
QLD
52
2,049,574
39,414

S.C.G
NSW
6
192,773
32,128

Long Beach
Neutral
1
12,439
12,439

S.F.S
NSW
14
521,836
37,274

Olympic
Neutral
1
25,800
25,800

M.C.G
Neutral
4
256,773
64,193

Stadium_Australia
NSW
25
1,862,616
74,504

QEII
QLD
2
97,430
48,715

Docklands
Neutral
3
161,821
53,940

text:
Appearance Stats

Players
State
Games
Years

Cameron Smith
QLD
42
2003-2017

Darren Lockyer
QLD
36
1998-2011

Johnathan Thurston
QLD
37
2005-2017

Allan Langer
QLD
34
1987-2002

Petero Civoniceva
QLD
33
2001-2012

Mal Meninga
QLD
32
1980-1994

Wally Lewis
QLD
31
1980-1991

Nate Myles
QLD
32
2006-2017

Brad Fittler
NSW
31
1990-2004

Greg Inglis
QLD
30
2006-2016

Steven Price
QLD
28
1998-2009

text:
Leading Goal Kickers

Players
State
Games
Goals/Attempts (%)

Jamie Soward
NSW
3
9/11 (81.82%)

Mat Rogers
QLD
5
12/15 (80.00%)

James Maloney
NSW
9
15/18 (80.00%)

Jamie Lyon
NSW
10
8/10 (80.00%)

Johnathan Thurston
QLD
36
96/121 (79.34%)

Trent Hodkinson
NSW
6
12/16 (75.00%)

Tim Brasher
NSW
21
9/12 (75.00%)

Craig Fitzgibbon
NSW
11
20/27 (74.07%)

Darren Lockyer
QLD
36
22/30 (73.33%)

Ryan Girdler
NSW
8
27/37 (72.97%)

Cameron Smith
QLD
39
16/22 (72.73%)

text:
Most Points Scored In A Games

Players
State
Tries
Goals
Field Goals
Points
Game

Ryan Girdler
NSW
3
10
0
32
Game 3, 2000

Lote Tuqiri
QLD
3
3
0
18
Game 2, 2002

Johnathan Thurston
QLD
0
9
0
18
Game 3, 2015

Michael O'Connor
NSW
2
5
0
18
Game 1, 1985

Mal Meninga
QLD
2
4
0
16
Game 1, 1989

Darren Lockyer
QLD
2
4
0
16
Game 3, 2001

Dale Shearer
QLD
2
4
0
16
Game 3, 1989

Mal Meninga
QLD
0
7
0
14
Game 1, 1980

Darren Lockyer
QLD
1
5
0
14
Game 1, 2001

Johnathan Thurston
QLD
0
7
0
14
Game 2, 2008

Michael O'Connor
NSW
1
5
0
14
Game 4,1987

text:
Series List

Year
Winners
Games
Crowd Average

1982
Queensland
3
22,334

1983
Queensland
3
25,705

1984
Queensland
3
26,426

1985
New South Wales
3
30,301

1986
New South Wales
3
31,623

1987
Queensland
3
36,020

1988
Queensland
3
25,056

1989
Queensland
3
35,452

1990
New South Wales
3
32,817

1991
Queensland
3
35,715

1992
New South Wales
3
37,806

1993
New South Wales
3
35,465

1994
New South Wales
3
56,340

1995
Queensland
3
44,122

text: Under 20s[edit]

text: The Under 20s State of Origin has only had six seasons so far(2012 to 2017)[37] with only one game a year, instead of three. New South Wales has won all of them. They play for the Darren Lockyer Shield.

text:
Year
Winner
Wins
Losses
Drawn

2012
New South Wales
1
0
0

2013
New South Wales
1
0
0

2014
New South Wales
1
0
0

2015
New South Wales
1
0
0

2016
New South Wales
1
0
0

2017
New South Wales
1
0
0

text: Women's State of Origin[edit]

text: The Women's State of Origin is the Women's rugby league version of the game, and has been running since 1999. The players play for the Nellie Doherty Cup. Furthermore, the current record for series won in the competition rests with Queensland, who won every series from 1999-2014, a better straight record than their male counterparts.

text:
Year
Winner
Wins
Losses
Drawn

1999
Queensland
1
0
0

2000
Queensland
1
0
0

2001
Queensland
1
0
0

2002
Queensland
1
0
0

2003
Queensland
1
0
0

2004
Queensland
1
0
0

2005
Queensland
1
0
0

2006
Queensland
1
0
0

2007
Queensland
1
0
0

2008
Queensland
1
0
0

2009
Queensland
1
0
0

2010
Queensland
1
0
0

2011
Queensland
1
0
0

2012
Queensland
1
0
0

2013
Queensland
1
0
0

2014
Queensland
1
0
0

2015
Draw
0
0
1

2016
New South Wales
1
0
0

2017
New South Wales
1
0
0

text: All-Team Records[edit]

text: Points

text: Queensland: 1808 Points

text: New South Wales: 1842 Points


document_title: Peñate

question_text: where does the last name peinado come from

text: Peñate

text:
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text:
Peñate

Pronunciation
Spanish pronunciation: [peˈɲa.te]

Gender
Unisex

Language(s)
Spanish

Origin

Language(s)
Spanish and Basque

Derivation
Pineda, Pinto, Puente, Peinado, Pantoja, Pinedo, Pont, Ponte, Pando, Pujante, Penedo, Pejenaute, Pañeda, Punti, Pinta, Pantiga, Pintea, Peñato, Pandiella, Panait, Ponti, Pomeda, Puñet, Pujantell, Penido, Penide, Pomata, Pantea, Pontaque, Pantojo

text: Peñate Spanish pronunciation: [peˈɲa.te] is a surname of Spanish origin. It appears to have originated in the town of Aguilar de Campo in the Province of Palencia, Castile and León. The name comes from "peña", the Spanish word for "cliff," and the Basque "ate", meaning "gate" or "ravine."[citation needed]

text: Statistics[edit]

text: Today in Spain there are 2,019 people with the last name Peñate.[citation needed] These people live in 52 provinces, though the majority live in Las Palmas. There is also a relatively high concentration on Peñates in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Huelva, Sevilla, Madrid, and Barcelona.[citation needed]

text: People[edit]

text: Jack Peñate (1984-), English musician and singer-songwriter

text: Spanish-language surnames

text: Articles lacking sources from August 2011All articles lacking sourcesOrphaned articles from August 2009All orphaned articlesArticles with multiple maintenance issuesAll articles with unsourced statementsArticles with unsourced statements from August 2011


document_title: Gretna Green

question_text: where do you get married in gretna green

text: Gretna Green

text: Marriage[edit]

text: Gretna Green is one of the world's most popular wedding destinations,[citation needed] due to its romantic wedding traditions dating back over centuries, which originated from cross-border elopements stemming from differences between Scottish marriage laws and those in neighbouring countries.

text: It has usually been assumed that Gretna's famous "runaway marriages" began in 1754 when Lord Hardwicke's Marriage Act came into force in England. Under the Act, if a parent of a minor (i.e., a person under the age of 21) objected to the minor's marriage, the parent could legally veto the union. The Act tightened the requirements for marrying in England and Wales but did not apply in Scotland, where it was possible for boys to marry at 14 and girls at 12 with or without parental consent (see Marriage in Scotland). It was, however, only in the 1770s, with the construction of a toll road passing through the hitherto obscure village of Graitney, that Gretna Green became the first easily reachable village over the Scottish border.[2]

text: Scottish law allowed for "irregular marriages", meaning that if a declaration was made before two witnesses, almost anybody had the authority to conduct the marriage ceremony. The blacksmiths in Gretna became known as "anvil priests", culminating with Richard Rennison, who performed 5,147 ceremonies. The local blacksmith and his anvil became lasting symbols of Gretna Green weddings. Two in particular, The Old Blacksmith's Shop, built around 1712, and Gretna Hall Blacksmith's Shop (1710) became, in popular folklore at least, the focal tourist points for the marriage trade. The Old Blacksmith's Shop opened to the public as a visitor attraction as early as 1887.

text: One of the keenest chroniclers of the Victorian era, Robert Smith Surtees, described Gretna Green at length in his 1848, New Monthly Magazine serial, The Richest Commoner in England:

text: Since 1929, both parties in Scotland have had to be at least 16 years old, but they still may marry without parental consent. In England and Wales, the age for marriage is now 16 with parental consent and 18 without. Of the three forms of "irregular marriage" that had existed under Scottish law, the last was abolished by the Marriage (Scotland) Act 1939, which came in force from 1 July 1940. Prior to this act, any citizen was able to witness a public promise.

text: Gretna's two blacksmiths' shops and countless inns and smallholding became the backdrops for tens of thousands of weddings. Today there are several wedding venues in and around Gretna Green, from former churches to purpose-built chapels. The services at all the venues are always performed over an iconic blacksmith's anvil. Gretna Green endures as one of the world's most popular wedding venues[citation needed], and thousands of couples from around the world come to be married 'over the anvil' in Gretna Green.

text: In common law, a "Gretna Green marriage" came to mean, in general, a marriage transacted in a jurisdiction that was not the residence of the parties being married, to avoid restrictions or procedures imposed by the parties' home jurisdiction.[3] A notable "Gretna" marriage was the second marriage in 1826 of Edward Gibbon Wakefield to the young heiress Ellen Turner, called the Shrigley abduction (his first marriage was also to an heiress, but the parents wanted to avoid a public scandal).[citation needed] Other towns in which quick, often surreptitious marriages could be obtained came to be known as "Gretna Greens".[4] In the United States, these have included Elkton, Maryland,[5] Reno and, later, Las Vegas.

text: In 1856 Scottish law was changed to require 21 days' residence for marriage, and a further law change was made in 1940. The residential requirement was lifted in 1977.[6] Other Scottish border villages used for such marriages were Coldstream Bridge, Lamberton, Mordington and Paxton Toll.[7]

text: In popular culture[edit]

text:
An anvil was installed in Gretna, Manitoba, Canada, to symbolise the blacksmith and the source of the town's name.[citation needed]
In an episode of the BBC series You Rang, M'Lord?, two of the characters elope to Gretna Green. This then prompts two other characters to elope in a similar manner. However, they are stopped before they reach their destination.
In Love and Freindship (sic) by Jane Austen, the main characters convince an impressionable girl to elope with an acquaintance to Gretna Green.
In Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen, When Lydia Bennet elopes with George Wickham she leaves behind a note stating that their intended destination is Gretna Green, though later they are found in London [8]
In The Richest Commoner in England by Robert Smith Surtees, Tom Rocket proposes a "Gretna Green match" to Maria "Moley" Dooey, to "escape the persecution of the lawyers, and the parsons, and the toast-givers, and the devil knows what." Surtees tells his readers that "Moley was dumb-founded at the proposition, or perhaps she thought it pretty to be so, for it was not the first, nor the second, nor the third time, that she had had a similar offer. Habit familiarises ladies' ears to the sound just as Lord Byron said men's ears became used to the cock of the pistol."
In Nemesis by Agatha Christie, Miss Marple references Gretna Green in passing, noting: "There was no need for them to fly off to Gretna Green, they were of sufficiently mature age to marry."
In the novel A Poisoned Season by Tasha Alexander, the main character Lady Emily Ashton discusses with her suitor whether he loves her enough to consider eloping to Gretna Green. At the end of the novel, secondary characters Lord Pembroke and Isabelle Eliot elope there.
Some scenes of Les grandes vacances (1967) with Louis de Funès were set there.
In the BBC drama Waterloo Road, Francesca Montoya (a teacher) and Jonah Kirby (a pupil) flee to Gretna Green to be married.
In the BBC soap opera EastEnders, Sam Mitchell and Ricky Butcher flee to Gretna Green, as they are both teenagers, in 1991.
Two couples elope to Gretna Green in Lisa Kleypas's Wallflower book series.
In Lynsay Sands' romance novel The Heiress the main characters' goal is to marry at Gretna Green.
In the second series of Downton Abbey, Lady Sybil Crawley and the chauffeur Tom Branson set off for Gretna Green with plans to elope, before being caught by her sisters.
In the soap opera Coronation Street Sophie Webster and Sian Powers nearly run off to Gretna Green to elope. In 1998 Nick Tilsley married Leanne Battersby at Gretna Green.
Season 3 Episode 7 of the BBC series May to December, Zoe surprised Alec with a trip to Gretna Green to be married.
In the Japanese manga series Embalming -The Another Tale of Frankenstein-, Azalea and Phillip are on their way to Gretna Green to elope.
In the book The Meaning of Liff by Douglas Adams, Gretna Green is defined as "A shade of green which makes you wish you'd painted whatever it was a different colour."
Gretna Green, a lost 1915 silent film about lovers headed to Gretna Green starring Marguerite Clark, based on the then popular novel by Grace Livingston Furniss.
In "Sylvester" or "The Wicked Uncle" by Georgette Heyer, in which Phoebe Marlow is thought to have eloped with Tom Orde to Gretna Green.
In the 1949 Hitchcock movie Under Capricorn, Sam Flusky and Lady Henrietta were a runaway couple married at Gretna Green.
The song Bonny Away of Skinny Lister's album Down on Deptford Broadway is telling the story of two young English lovers who want to meet the anvil priests to get married.
Gretna is the focus of Moonlighting, a 1975 song by Leo Sayer.
In the Amazon Series Doctor Thorne The character Frank makes a joke about him and Mary running off to marry in Gretna Green.
In Susan Enoch's "Rogue with a Brogue", a Romeo and Juliet type story, the principal characters flee to elope in Gretna Green.
In the comedy Mind Your Language the Londoner Miss Courtney mentions that as a young girl she and her then boyfriend tried to elope to Gretna Green but only got as far as Golder's Green.
In the movie We're Not Married, Fred Allen marries Ginger Rogers in Gretna Green.


document_title: The Campaign for North Africa

question_text: board game that takes 1500 hours to complete

text: The Campaign for North Africa

text: Complexity[edit]

text: Though some fans of war simulation games appreciate detail, The Campaign for North Africa offered more detail  than any board wargame before or since, leading to the ambivalent reaction with which the game is regarded.  Even gamers who were initially fascinated with the idea of an extremely detailed war game might have been chagrined when they opened the box to discover 1,800 counters, maps large enough to cover several tables, and a three-volume rulebook of considerable weight and density.  The rules cover logistics in extreme detail, far more so than the combat simulation.  It is recommended that each side be played by a five-person team, including a Commander-In-Chief and four subordinate commanders, making a total of ten players needed for a game, although it can be played with the usual two.  According to SPI, a complete game can run over 1,500 hours. However, the logistics of keeping a ten-person group together for fifteen hundred hours of gaming was a feat beyond even most hardcore wargamers, and completed full games of The Campaign for North Africa are rare.

text: Legacy[edit]

text: Although The Campaign for North Africa is playable only with great difficulty in terms of time, the game is prized by collectors and has been praised by some players, who consider it something of the "ultimate paper war game".  A commonly cited example of its level of detail (and one noted in SPI's advertising) noted is the fact that the game's Italian troops required additional water supplies so that they could prepare pasta. The game represents a brief evolutionary step between the relative simplicity of most paper war games of its time, and the dawn of the era of computer war games, where complexity and depth need not come at the expense of playability.

text: Re-release[edit]

text: Due to the game's collectability and legendary status, it has long been considered a candidate for possible reissue. Decision Games expressed a desire to do so, promising "the unplayable monster made playable", which suggests that the game would be considerably revamped instead of simply reprinted.  The December 2007 flyer allows a prospective purchaser to commit to buying the game if and when it is published.

text: Latest developments[edit]

text: The original game has received an extensive rules review, which nevertheless retains the unique and detailed game systems. Apart from a variety of minor fixes, a series of deeper changes have been made to "fix" the oft-criticised air game rules. An extensive spreadsheet system, backed by custom programming has been developed in association with the update. This "playable" version is hosted at the CNA Play Group.


document_title: Tyler Perry

question_text: when did the first madea movie come out

question_tokens: when did the first madea movie come out

text: Tyler Perry

text: Early life[edit]

text: Perry was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, as Emmitt Perry Jr., the son of Willie Maxine Perry (née Campbell) and Emmitt Perry, Sr., a carpenter.[10] He has three siblings.[11] Perry once said his father's "answer to everything was to beat it out of you".[12] As a child, Perry once went so far as to attempt suicide in an effort to escape his father's beatings. In contrast to his father, his mother took him to church each week, where he sensed a certain refuge and contentment.[12] At age 16, he had his first name legally changed from Emmitt to Tyler in an effort to distance himself from his father.[1]

text: Many years later, after seeing the film Precious, Perry was moved to reveal for the first time that he had been molested by a friend's mother at age 10;[13] he was also molested by three men prior to this, and later learned his own father had molested his friend.[14] A DNA test Perry took in the 2010s stated that Emmitt Sr. was not Perry's biological father.[15]

text: While Perry did not complete high school, he earned a GED.[16] In his early 20s, watching an episode of The Oprah Winfrey Show, he heard someone describe the sometimes therapeutic effect the act of writing can have, enabling the author to work out his or her own problems. This comment inspired him to apply himself to a career in writing. He soon started writing a series of letters to himself, which became the basis for the musical I Know I've Been Changed.[17]

text: Career[edit]

text: Stage[edit]

text: Around 1990, Perry moved to Atlanta, where two years later I Know I've Been Changed was first performed at a community theater, financed by the 22-year-old Perry's $12,000 life savings.[18] The play included Christian themes of forgiveness, dignity, and self-worth, while addressing issues such as child abuse and dysfunctional families. The musical initially received a "less than stellar" reception and was a financial failure.[19] Perry persisted, and over the next six years he rewrote the musical repeatedly, though lackluster reviews continued. In 1998, at age 28, he succeeded in retooling the play and restaging it in Atlanta, first at the House of Blues, then at the Fox Theatre. Perry continued to create new stage productions, touring with them on the so-called "Chitlin' Circuit" (now also known as the "urban theater circuit")[1][20] and developing a large, devoted following among African-American audiences. In 2005, Forbes reported that he had sold "more than $100 million in tickets, $30 million in videos of his shows and an estimated $20 million in merchandise", and "the 300 live shows he produces each year are attended by an average of 35,000 people a week".[18]

text: Film[edit]

text: Perry raised a US $5.5 million budget in part from the ticket sales of his stage productions to fund his first movie, Diary of a Mad Black Woman,[21] which went on to gross US$50.6 million domestically, while scoring a 16% approval rating at the film review web site Rotten Tomatoes.[22] On its opening weekend, February 24–26, 2006, Perry's film version of Madea's Family Reunion opened at number one at the box office with $30.3 million. The film eventually grossed $65 million. Perry and his co-stars promoted the film on The Oprah Winfrey Show. As with Diary, almost all of the Madea's earnings have been generated in the United States.[23]

text: Perry's next Lionsgate project, Daddy's Little Girls, starred Gabrielle Union and Idris Elba and was released in the United States on February 14, 2007. It grossed over US$31 million.[24] Perry wrote, directed, produced and starred in his next film, Why Did I Get Married?, released on October 12, 2007. It opened at number one, grossing US$21.4 million that weekend. It is loosely based on his play of the same name. Filming began March 5, 2007, in Whistler, British Columbia, a resort town north of Vancouver, then moved to Atlanta, where Perry had opened his own studio. Janet Jackson, Sharon Leal, Jill Scott, and Tasha Smith appeared in the film. Perry's 2008 film, Meet the Browns, released on March 21, opened at number 2 with a US$20.1 million weekend gross.[25] The Family That Preys opened on September 12, 2008, and grossed over US$37.1 million.[26]

text: Madea Goes to Jail opened at number one on February 20, 2009, grossing US$41 million and becoming his largest opening to date. This was Perry's seventh film with Lionsgate Entertainment. At the request of director J. J. Abrams,[27] also in 2009, Perry had a small role as the Starfleet Academy commandant Admiral Barnett in Star Trek, which opened on May 8. This was his first film appearance outside of his own projects. Perry next wrote, directed, and starred in I Can Do Bad All By Myself (2009), a film structured around his Madea character. This was Perry's eighth film and it also made number one at the box office.[28] In 2009, Perry teamed with Oprah Winfrey to present Precious, a film based on the novel Push by Sapphire.[29] Why Did I Get Married Too?, the sequel to Why Did I Get Married?, opened in theaters on April 2, 2010. It featured Janet Jackson, Cicely Tyson, Louis Gossett, Jr., Jill Scott, and Malik Yoba. The film grossed US$60 million domestically, with US$29 million made the opening weekend.[30]

text: Perry directed a film adaptation of Ntozake Shange's 1975 choreopoem For Colored Girls Who Have Considered Suicide When the Rainbow Is Enuf, which was released in theaters November 5, 2010.[31] He appeared in the stage show Madea's Big Happy Family, which toured the U.S. as a stage play and was released as a movie in 2011, written, directed by, and starring Perry. The film version of Madea's Big Happy Family raked in US$25.8 million at the box office, taking second place.[32] Perry's next film with Lionsgate was Good Deeds, in which Perry plays lead character Wesley Deeds. Good Deeds is a romantic drama film written, directed by, and starring Perry. The film was released on February 24, 2012. It is the tenth of eleven films that Perry directed and appears in. The film received a 29% rating by review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes and opened with a box office US$15.5 million gross.[33] The movie also stars Thandie Newton, Rebecca Romijn, Gabrielle Union, Eddie Cibrian, Jamie Kennedy, Phylicia Rashad, and others.[34]

text: As of June 2011[update], Perry's films had grossed over US$500 million worldwide.[35] Perry's Madea's Witness Protection, his seventh film within the Madea franchise, was released on June 29, 2012.

text: Perry took over the role of James Patterson's Alex Cross from Morgan Freeman for a new film in the series, titled Alex Cross.[36] The film opened on October 19, 2012, and received praise from critics and audiences for his role. His performance gained the attention of director David Fincher, who subsequently cast Perry in his 2014 thriller Gone Girl, co-starring with Ben Affleck, Rosamund Pike, and Neil Patrick Harris.

text: Perry released his thirteenth film, Temptation: Confessions of a Marriage Counselor (based on his 2008 play of the same name) on March 29, 2013. The film stars Lance Gross, Jurnee Smollett, Brandy Norwood, Robbie Jones, Vanessa L. Williams, and Kim Kardashian. He produced Tyler Perry Presents Peeples, released on May 10, 2013.[37] He returned to the big screen with A Madea Christmas, released on December 13, 2013.[38] Perry directed the film The Single Moms Club, which opened on March 14, 2014. His first animated movie Madea's Tough Love was released on DVD January 20, 2015. In 2016, Perry played scientist Baxter Stockman in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows.[39] In mid January 2016, Perry started filming his seventeenth film, and ninth within the Madea franchise, Boo! A Madea Halloween. The film was released on October 21, 2016. A sequel, Boo 2! A Madea Halloween, was released in October 2017. Perry, alongside Oprah Winfrey, lent his voice in his first computer-animated film, called The Star, which is based on the Nativity of Jesus. Developed by Sony Pictures Animation, the film was released on November 17, 2017.[40]

text: Film partnerships and distribution[edit]

text: Perry's films are co-produced and distributed by Lions Gate Entertainment; he retains full copyright ownership under the corporate name Tyler Perry Films, and places his name in front of all titles.[41] Perry's movies have seen very limited release outside North America, but in May 2010, Lionsgate announced plans to begin releasing his films in the United Kingdom.[42]

text: Television programs[edit]

text: Perry produced the long-running sitcom Tyler Perry's House of Payne, which ran for 8 seasons from June 21, 2006, to August 10, 2012. The series followed an African-American household of three generations. The show demonstrated the family members' serious, true-to-life struggles with faith and love. The show ran in the spring of 2006 as a 10-show pilot. After the successful pilot run, Perry signed a US$200 million, 100-episode deal with TBS. On June 6, 2007, the first two episodes of Tyler Perry's House of Payne ran on TBS. After receiving high ratings, House of Payne entered broadcast syndication. Reruns were played through December 2007 before the second season began. Perry also wrote, directed and produced the sitcom Meet the Browns, which premiered on TBS on January 7, 2009 and ended on November 18, 2011.[43]

text: OWN and partnership with Oprah[edit]

text: On October 2, 2012, Perry struck an exclusive multi-year partnership with Oprah Winfrey and her Oprah Winfrey Network (OWN). The partnership was largely for the purposes of bringing scripted television to the OWN, Perry having had previous success in this department.[7]

text: Tyler Perry's For Better or Worse, based on his films Why Did I Get Married? and Why Did I Get Married Too?, premiered on TBS on November 25, 2011. The series was cancelled by TBS in February 2013 but was revived by OWN for a third season, which began on September 18, 2013.[44][45]

text: Perry also has two other new television series featured on OWN: the hour-long soap opera/drama series The Haves and the Have Nots and the sitcom Love Thy Neighbor. The Haves and the Have Nots premiered on May 28, 2013, while Love Thy Neighbor premiered on May 29, 2013.[46] It was reported on May 29, 2013 that The Haves and the Have Nots set a new record for OWN, scoring the highest ratings ever for a series premiere on the network.[47][48] Love Thy Neighbor scored the second highest ratings ever for a series premiere on OWN, behind The Haves and the Have Nots;[49] however, Love Thy Neighbor has significantly declined in ratings while The Have and the Have Nots has continued to increase its ratings.[50][51] On February 4, 2014, The Haves and the Have Nots came in as the most watched program in all of cable television.[52] On Tuesday, March 11, 2014, a Haves and the Have Nots season 2 episode set an OWN record when it scored the highest ratings in the network's history. The record-breaking episode brought in 3.6 million viewers, surpassing the 3.5 million that tuned in for the Oprah's Next Chapter interview with Bobbi Kristina which was the network's previous highest rated viewing.[8]

text: On January 9, 2014, as part of Perry's continued partnership with OWN, the network ordered its fourth scripted series (and fourth series by Perry) based on the feature film, The Single Moms Club, called If Loving You Is Wrong. The hour-long drama series premiered on September 9, 2014.

text: Tyler Perry Studios[edit]

text: In 2015, Perry acquired the 330-acre former military base Fort McPherson, which he converted to studios.[53] The studios were used to film the HBO Films/OWN film version of "The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks," and is currently in ongoing use for the television series "The Walking Dead."[53][54] 50,000 square feet of the site are dedicated to standing permanent sets, including a replica of a luxury hotel lobby, a 16,000-square-foot mansion, a mock cheap hotel, a trailer park set, and a real 1950s-style diner that was relocated from a town 100 miles away; it also hosts 12 sound stages.[54]

text: Viacom[edit]

text: On June 14, 2017, Perry signed a long term deal with Viacom for 90 episodes/year of original drama and comedy series. Viacom will also have distribution rights to short video content and a first look at film concepts. The TV deal begins May 2019, as he is still under contract to OWN.[55]

text: Books[edit]

text: Perry's first book, Don't Make a Black Woman Take Off Her Earrings: Madea's Uninhibited Commentaries on Love and Life, appeared on April 11, 2006. The book sold 30,000 copies.[56] The hardcover reached number one on the New York Times Best Seller list and remained on the list for 12 weeks. It was voted Book of the Year, Best Humor Book at the 2006 Quill Awards.[57]

text: Legal actions[edit]

text: The Writers Guild of America, West[edit]

text: The Writers Guild of America, West has filed unfair labor practice charges with the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), alleging that Perry's production company, House of Payne, unlawfully fired four writers in October 2008 in retaliation for their trying to get a union contract.[58] The dispute was settled a month later, when Tyler Perry Studios agreed to be a WGA signatory.[59]

text: Mo' Money Taxes[edit]

text: In early 2009, Perry threatened legal action against Mo' Money Taxes, a tax preparation company based in Memphis, Tennessee, for running a TV spot that he felt offensively parodied his work, in particular Madea Goes to Jail. The ad features a large Caucasian male (John Cowan) in drag, named "Ma'Madea". The "offending" ad was dropped from circulation.[60]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Criticisms[edit]

text: Despite praising Perry in 2006, director Spike Lee criticized his work in 2009, stating "Each artist should be allowed to pursue their artistic endeavors but I still think there is a lot of stuff out today that is 'coonery buffoonery'."[61] When asked if Perry's success among black audiences was a result of just giving black America what they wanted, Lee responded, "the imaging is troubling."

text: In an open letter to Perry on National Public Radio, journalist Jamilah Lemieux, while thanking Perry for "giving black folks jobs in front of and behind the camera," also criticized his shows Meet the Browns and House of Payne. In her letter, she stated that "both your shows are marked by old stereotypes of buffoonish, emasculated black men and crass, sassy black women." While she noted his work for its humor and "positive messages of self-worth, love and respect," she later expressed frustration that African-Americans "have been fed the same images of ourselves over and over and over because they sell." Lemieux dismissed his famous Madea character, claiming that "Through her, the country has laughed at one of the most important members of the black community: Mother Dear, the beloved matriarch. ... Our mothers and grandmothers deserve much more than that." While she expressed appreciation toward Perry for dismissing critics' negative comments, Lemieux claimed that "many black folks have expressed some of the very same attitudes about your work that white critics have," and urged him to "stop dismissing the critics as haters and realize that black people need new stories and new storytellers."[62]

text: Response[edit]

text: In October 2009, during a 60 Minutes interview, Perry was read a quote of Spike Lee's comments about his work and responded, "I would love to read that [criticism] to my fan base. ... That pisses me off. It is so insulting. It's attitudes like that that make Hollywood think that these people do not exist, and that is why there is no material speaking to them, speaking to us." Perry also stated that "all these characters are bait – disarming, charming, make-you-laugh bait. I can slap Madea on something and talk about God, love, faith, forgiveness, family, any of those."[63] In an interview with Hip Hollywood, Perry responded to Spike Lee's comments by telling him to "go to hell."[64]

text: Acclaim[edit]

text: Perry's work has been praised by Oprah Winfrey, who joined Perry in promoting Lee Daniels' film Precious (2009). She told an interviewer, "I think [Perry] grew up being raised by strong, black women. And so much of what he does is really in celebration of that. I think that's what Madea really is: a compilation of all those strong black women that I know and maybe you do too? And so the reason it works is because people see themselves."[65]

text: Goldie Taylor, of The Grio and MSNBC, stated in an April 21, 2011 NPR All Things Considered interview regarding Perry's target audience: "I don't think Tyler Perry is talking to Touré. I don't think he's talking to me, but I know that he's speaking directly to my mother, my sister, my cousins and meeting them at their point of need, and that's what art and filmmaking is about."[66]

text: In his Huffington Post editorial, sociologist Shayne Lee lists Perry among the pantheon of today's most innovative filmmakers.[67]

text: Parodies and satire[edit]

text: In the American Dad! episode "Spelling Bee My Baby", Steve Smith deliberately misspelled his words in a spelling bee so as to express his love for Akiko (who was also competing), instead spelling random Tyler Perry and Madea films.[68]

text: Perry was satirized by South Park in the Season Fifteen episode "Funnybot". He was given an award for "Comedian Most likely to turn up to collect their comedy award", and the black characters in the episode, Token Black and President Obama, express their own disbelief that they can't stop watching his comedy and giving him money. At the end of the episode Perry, as Madea, is buried and encased in steel with Obama's declaring, "I am pleased to announce that the greatest threat to mankind has now gone forever. Justice has been done."[69]

text: Tyler Perry as Madea was parodied in The Boondocks episode "Pause", in which a thinly disguised version of Perry named Winston Jerome played a similar character to Madea dubbed "Ma Dukes." The parody had the "Ma Duke" character running a homosexual cult.[70]

text: Tyler Perry was also parodied in The Cleveland Show episode "A Brown Thanksgiving" in which Auntie Momma is really Donna Tubbs's Uncle Kevin.

text: Personal life[edit]

text: Perry describes himself as a Christian.[71] He has become good friends with Janet Jackson, Will Smith, and Oprah Winfrey.[72] Many of the themes in his work reflect theology and social behavior indicative of the predominantly black church culture, such as the many scenes in both his stage and screen work that feature church settings and worship styles commonly found in predominantly African American churches, including showcases of gospel music and artists.[73]

text: In 2007, Perry bought a 17-acre (6.9 ha) estate[74] in the Paces neighborhood of Buckhead, Atlanta.[75][76] In May 2016, he sold the house for $17.5 million. Also closing the biggest deal ever for a private home in the Georgia capital.[77] In 2013, his company, ETPC LLC, purchased around 1,100 acres (4.5 km2) in the New Manchester, Georgia area of Douglas County, Georgia.[78]

text: On July 20, 2009, Perry sponsored 65 children from a Philadelphia day camp to visit Walt Disney World, after reading that a suburban swim club, the Valley Swim Club in Huntingdon Valley, Pennsylvania, had shunned them.[79] He wrote on his website, "I want them to know that for every act of evil that a few people will throw at you, there are millions more who will do something kind for them."[80]

text: On December 8, 2009, Perry's mother, Willie Maxine Perry, died at age 64, following an illness.[81] As of 2016, he is unmarried.[82] He lives and works in Southwest Atlanta where he operates the Tyler Perry film and TV studios.[83] In August 2010, it was reported that he had purchased Dean Gardens, a 58-acre (23 ha) estate in the Atlanta suburb of Johns Creek. He tore down the existing 32,000-square-foot (3,000 m2) mansion and built a new, environmentally-friendly home on the property.[84][85]

text: On November 30, 2014, Perry's girlfriend Gelila Bekele gave birth to his son Aman Tyler Perry.[86][87]

text: In September 2017, Perry purchased a house in Mulholland Estates, a gated community in Los Angeles.[88]

text: Filmography[edit]

text: Film work[edit]

text:
Year
Film
Credited as

Director
Writer
Producer
Actor
Role

2005
Diary of a Mad Black Woman
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea / Joe / Brian

2006
Madea's Family Reunion
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea / Joe / Brian

2007
Daddy's Little Girls
Yes
Yes
Yes
No

2007
Why Did I Get Married?
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Terry Bob

2008
Meet the Browns
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea / Joe

2008
The Family That Preys
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Ben

2009
Madea Goes to Jail
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea / Joe / Brian

2009
Star Trek
No
No
No
Yes
Admiral Barnett

2009
I Can Do Bad All By Myself
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea / Joe

2009
Precious
No
No
Yes
No

2010
Why Did I Get Married Too?
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Terry Bob

2010
For Colored Girls
Yes
Yes
Yes
No

2011
Madea's Big Happy Family
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea / Joe

2012
Good Deeds
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Wesley Deeds

2012
Madea's Witness Protection
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea / Joe / Brian

2012
Alex Cross
No
No
No
Yes
Alex Cross

2013
Temptation: Confessions of a Marriage Counselor
Yes
Yes
Yes
No

2013
Tyler Perry Presents Peeples
No
No
Yes
No

2013
A Madea Christmas
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea

2014
The Single Moms Club
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
TK

2014
Gone Girl
No
No
No
Yes
Tanner Bolt

2015
Madea's Tough Love
No
No
Yes
Yes
Madea / Joe / Brian

2016
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows
No
No
No
Yes
Dr. Baxter Stockman

2016
Brain on Fire
No
No
No
Yes
Richard

2016
Boo! A Madea Halloween
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea / Joe / Brian

2017
The Star
No
No
No
Yes
Cyrus the Camel

2017
Boo 2! A Madea Halloween[89]
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea / Joe / Brian

2018
Backseat
No
No
No
Yes
Colin Powell

2018
Acrimony
Yes
Yes
Yes
No

2018
A Madea Family Funeral
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea / Joe / Brian / Heathrow

text: Stage work[edit]

text:
Year
Play
Credited as

Director
Writer
Producer
Actor
Role

1998
I Know I've Been Changed
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Joe

2000
I Can Do Bad All By Myself
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea

2001
Diary of a Mad Black Woman
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Daddy Charles / Madea

2002
Madea's Family Reunion
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea

2003
Madea's Class Reunion
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Dr. Willie Leroy Jones / Madea

2004
Why Did I Get Married?
Yes
Yes
Yes
No

2005
Meet the Browns
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Madea (voice only)

2006
Madea Goes to Jail
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea

2007
What's Done in the Dark
Yes
Yes
Yes
No

2008
The Marriage Counselor
Yes
Yes
Yes
No

2009
Laugh to Keep from Crying
Yes
Yes
Yes
No

2010
Madea's Big Happy Family
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea

2011
A Madea Christmas
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea

2011
Aunt Bam's Place
Yes
Yes
Yes
No

2011
I Don't Want To Do Wrong
Yes
Yes
Yes
No

2012
The Haves and the Have Nots
Yes
Yes
Yes
No

2012
Madea Gets a Job
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea

2013
Madea's Neighbors from Hell
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea

2014
Hell Hath No Fury Like a Woman Scorned
Yes
Yes
Yes
No

2015
Madea On The Run
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea

text: Television work[edit]

text:
Year
Show
Credited as

Director
Writer
Producer
Actor
Role

2006–2012
Tyler Perry's House of Payne
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea

2009–2011
Tyler Perry's Meet the Browns
Yes
Yes
Yes
No

2011–2017
Tyler Perry's For Better or Worse
Yes
Yes
Yes
No

2013–present
Tyler Perry's The Haves and the Have Nots
Yes
Yes
Yes
No

2013–2017
Tyler Perry's Love Thy Neighbor
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Madea

2014–present
Tyler Perry's If Loving You Is Wrong
Yes
Yes
Yes
No

2016–2017
Tyler Perry's Too Close to Home
Yes
Yes
Yes
No

2018–present
Tyler Perry's The Paynes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No

text: Awards and nominations[edit]