document_title: Thank You (Led Zeppelin song)

question_text: what is the song thank you by led zeppelin about

text: Thank You (Led Zeppelin song)

text: Overview[edit]

text: "Thank You" signalled a deeper involvement in songwriting by singer Robert Plant: it was the first Led Zeppelin song for which he wrote all the lyrics. According to various Led Zeppelin biographies, this is also the song that made Jimmy Page realise that Plant could now handle writing the majority of the lyrics for the band's songs. Plant wrote the song as a tribute to his then-wife Maureen.

text: The song features Hammond organ playing by John Paul Jones, which fades into a false ending before concluding with a crescendo roughly ten seconds later. This has created a problem for radio stations wishing to play the track, which must decide whether to accept the dead air or cut it off. Some stations run an edited version with the silence eliminated.[citation needed] For the recording of this track, Page played on a Vox 12-string guitar.[2] It was also one of the few Led Zeppelin songs on which Page sang backing vocals.[citation needed]

text: Live history[edit]

text: This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text: When "Thank You" was performed at Led Zeppelin concerts,[citation needed] it featured Jones' extended keyboard solo (either on the Hammond organ or on some 1972-73 versions, the Mellotron) as an introduction to the song.[citation needed] The piece was eventually dropped from the band's standard live setlist following the 1973 tour of the United States, when it was only occasionally used as an encore, for example, at the tour's final concert in Madison Square Garden.[citation needed]

text: Robert Plant sang a part of "Thank You" at The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert in 1992, before combining the song with "Crazy Little Thing Called Love".

text: Reception[edit]

text: In a retrospective review of Led Zeppelin II (Deluxe Edition), Michael Madden of Consequence of Sound praised the remastering of "Thank You", believing the track now sounds "mellow and well-balanced".[3] Madden further praised the remastering, writing the track "breathes easy during the verses and ascends elsewhere in the song", along with "illuminating Page's touch and Bonham's haymakers".[3] When reviewing the added bonus tracks of the Deluxe Edition, Madden further praised the new version of "Thank You", titled "Thank You (Backing Track)", writing the track "magnifies the song's tasteful sheen, popping with Bonham’s drums and Jones’ organ, which seems to have a mind of its own."[3]

text: Record producer Rick Rubin has remarked on the song's structure, "The delicacy of the vocals is incredible; the acoustic guitar and the organ work together to create an otherworldly presence."[4]

text: Recognition and legacy[edit]

text: In November 2010, "Thank You" topped Gibson's list of "Top 10 Thanksgiving Songs".[5][6] The song was recorded by Page and Plant for the No Quarter: Jimmy Page and Robert Plant Unledded album. It was released as a single and reached number eight on Billboard magazine's Album Rock Tracks chart in 1995.

text: Cover versions[edit]

text: Personnel[edit]

text:
Robert Plant – vocals
Jimmy Page – electric and acoustic guitars, backing vocals
John Paul Jones – Hammond organ, bass guitar
John Bonham – drums


document_title: NBA regular season records

question_text: most points scored in one quarter in nba history

question_tokens: most points scored in one quarter in nba history

root

text: NBA regular season records

text: Regular season records

text: Game

text: Most minutes in a game

tag: ul

text: 69 by Dale Ellis, Seattle SuperSonics (at Milwaukee Bucks) on November 9, 1989 (5 OT)[1]

text: Most points in a game

text: 100 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia Warriors (vs. New York Knicks) on March 2, 1962[2]

text: Most points in a half

text: 59 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia Warriors (vs. New York Knicks) on March 2, 1962 (2nd)

text: Most points in a quarter

text: 37 by Klay Thompson, Golden State Warriors (vs. Sacramento Kings) on January 23, 2015 (3rd)[3]

text: Most points in an overtime period

text: 16 by Gilbert Arenas, Washington Wizards (vs. Los Angeles Lakers) on December 17, 2006[4]

text: Most field goals made in a game

text: 36 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia Warriors (vs. New York Knicks) on March 2, 1962

text: Most field goals attempted in a game

text: 63 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia Warriors (vs. New York Knicks) on March 2, 1962

text: Most field goals missed in a game

text: 30 by Kobe Bryant, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Boston Celtics) on November 7, 2002

text: Most field goals made in a half

text: 22 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia Warriors (vs. New York Knicks) on March 2, 1962 (2nd)

text: Most field goals attempted in a half

text: 37 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia Warriors (vs. New York Knicks) on March 2, 1962 (2nd)

text: Most field goals made in a quarter

text:
13 by David Thompson, Denver Nuggets (vs. Detroit Pistons) on April 9, 1978 (1st)
13 by Klay Thompson, Golden State Warriors (vs. Sacramento Kings) on January 23, 2015 (3rd)

text: Most field goals attempted in a quarter

text: 21 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia Warriors (vs. New York Knicks) on March 2, 1962 (4th)

text: Most field goals made in a game, no misses

text: 18 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia 76ers (vs. Baltimore Bullets) on February 24, 1967

text: Most field goals attempted in a game, none made

text: 17 by Tim Hardaway, Golden State Warriors (at Minnesota Timberwolves) on December 27, 1991

text: Most 3-point field goals made in a game

text: 13 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. New Orleans Pelicans) on November 7, 2016 (13/17)

text: Most 3-point field goals attempted in a game

text: 22 by J. R. Smith, New York Knicks (at Miami Heat) on April 6, 2014 (10/22)[5]

text: Most 3-point field goals made in a game, no misses

text:
9 by Latrell Sprewell, New York Knicks (vs. Los Angeles Clippers) on February 4, 2003
9 by Ben Gordon, Chicago Bulls (vs. Washington Wizards) on April 14, 2006
9 by Ben Gordon, Detroit Pistons (at Denver Nuggets) on March 21, 2012

text: Most consecutive 3-point field goals made to start a game

text: 10 by Ty Lawson, Denver Nuggets (vs. Minnesota Timberwolves) on April 9, 2011 (10/11)[6]

text: Most 3-point field goals attempted in a game, none made

text:
11 by Antoine Walker, Boston Celtics (vs. Philadelphia 76ers) on December 17, 2001
11 by Trey Burke, Utah Jazz (vs. Atlanta Hawks) on January 2, 2015[7]
11 by Stephen Curry, Golden State Warriors (vs. Philadelphia 76ers) on February 27, 2017

text: Most 3-point field goals made in a half

text: 10 by Chandler Parsons, Houston Rockets (vs. Memphis Grizzlies) on January 24, 2014 (10/11)[8]

text: Most 3-point field goals made in a quarter

text: 9 by Klay Thompson, Golden State Warriors (vs. Sacramento Kings) on January 23, 2015 (9/9)

text: Most 3-point field goals attempted in a quarter, no misses

text: Most free throws made in a game

text:
28 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia Warriors (vs. New York Knicks) on March 2, 1962 (28/32)
28 by Adrian Dantley, Utah Jazz (vs. Houston Rockets) on January 4, 1984 (28/29)

text: Most free throws made in a game, no misses

text: 23 by Dominique Wilkins, Atlanta Hawks (vs. Chicago Bulls) on December 8, 1992

text: Most consecutive free throws made in a game

text: 24 by DeMar DeRozan, Toronto Raptors (vs. Portland Trail Blazers) on March 4, 2016

text: Most free throws attempted in a game, none made

text: 11 by Shaquille O'Neal, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Seattle SuperSonics) on December 8, 2000[9]

text: Most free throws attempted in a game

text:
39 by Dwight Howard, Orlando Magic (vs. Golden State Warriors) on January 12, 2012 (21/39)[10]
39 by Dwight Howard, Los Angeles Lakers (at Orlando Magic) on March 12, 2013 (25/39)[11]

text: Most free throws missed in a game

text: 23 by Andre Drummond, Detroit Pistons (at Houston Rockets) on January 20, 2016 (13/36)[12]

text: Most free throws made in a half

text: 20 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls (vs. Miami Heat) on December 30, 1992

text: Most free throws attempted in a half

text: 26 by Josh Smith, Houston Rockets (vs. San Antonio Spurs) on April 10, 2015 (12/26)

text: Most free throws made in a quarter

text: 16 by Vince Carter, New Jersey Nets (at Miami Heat) on December 23, 2005

text: Most free throws attempted in a quarter

text: 20 by Ben Wallace, Detroit Pistons (at Los Angeles Clippers) on December 11, 2005

text: Most rebounds in a game

text: 55 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia Warriors (vs. Boston Celtics) on November 24, 1960

text: Most rebounds in a half

text: 32 by Bill Russell, Boston Celtics (vs. Philadelphia Warriors) on November 16, 1957[13]

text: Most rebounds in a quarter

text: 18 by Nate Thurmond, San Francisco Warriors (at Baltimore Bullets) on February 28, 1965

text: Most offensive rebounds in a game

text: 21 by Moses Malone, Houston Rockets (vs. Seattle SuperSonics) on February 11, 1982

text: Most defensive rebounds in a game

text: 29 by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Detroit Pistons) on December 14, 1975

text: Most offensive rebounds in a half

text: 13 by Charles Barkley, Philadelphia 76ers (vs. New York Knicks) on March 4, 1987

text: Most defensive rebounds in a half

text: 18 by Swen Nater, San Diego Clippers (vs. Denver Nuggets) on December 14, 1979

text: Most offensive rebounds in a quarter

text:
11 by Charles Barkley, Philadelphia 76ers (vs. New York Knicks) on March 4, 1987
11 by Larry Smith, Golden State Warriors (vs. Denver Nuggets) on March 23, 1986

text: Most defensive rebounds in a quarter

text: 13 by Happy Hairston, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Philadelphia 76ers) on November 15, 1974

text: Most assists in a game

text: 30 by Scott Skiles, Orlando Magic (vs. Denver Nuggets) on December 30, 1990[14]

text: Most assists in a half

text: 19 by Bob Cousy, Boston Celtics (vs. Minneapolis Lakers) on February 27, 1959

text: Most assists in a quarter

text:
14 by John Lucas, San Antonio Spurs (vs. Denver Nuggets) on April 15, 1984[15]
14 by Steve Blake, Portland Trail Blazers (vs. Los Angeles Clippers) on February 22, 2009

text: Most steals in a game

text:
11 by Larry Kenon, San Antonio Spurs (at Kansas City Kings) on December 26, 1976
11 by Kendall Gill, New Jersey Nets (vs. Miami Heat) on April 3, 1999

text: Most steals in a half

text:
8 by Quinn Buckner, Milwaukee Bucks (vs. New York Nets) on November 27, 1976
8 by Fred Brown, Seattle SuperSonics (at Philadelphia 76ers) on December 3, 1976
8 by Gus Williams, Seattle SuperSonics (at Washington Bullets) on January 23, 1979
8 by Eddie Jordan, New Jersey Nets (at Chicago Bulls) on October 23, 1979
8 by Dudley Bradley, Indiana Pacers (at Utah Jazz) on November 10, 1980
8 by Rob Williams, Denver Nuggets (at New Jersey Nets) on February 17, 1983
8 by Fat Lever, Denver Nuggets (vs. Indiana Pacers) on March 9, 1985
8 by Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls (at Boston Celtics) on November 9, 1988
8 by Clyde Drexler, Houston Rockets (vs. Sacramento Kings) on November 1, 1996
8 by Doug Christie, Toronto Raptors (at Philadelphia 76ers) on April 2, 1997
8 by Michael Finley, Dallas Mavericks (vs. Philadelphia 76ers) on January 23, 2001
8 by Rafer Alston, Houston Rockets (vs. Charlotte Bobcats) on February 10, 2007

text: Most steals in a quarter

text: 8 by Fat Lever, Denver Nuggets (vs. Indiana Pacers) on March 9, 1985

text: Most blocks in a game

text: 17 by Elmore Smith, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Portland Trail Blazers) on October 28, 1973

text: Most blocks in a half

text:
11 by Elmore Smith, Los Angeles Lakers (vs. Portland Trail Blazers) on October 28, 1973
11 by George T. Johnson, San Antonio Spurs (vs. Golden State Warriors) on February 24, 1981
11 by Manute Bol, Washington Bullets (vs. Milwaukee Bucks) on December 12, 1985

text: Most blocks in a quarter

text:
8 by Manute Bol, Washington Bullets (vs. Milwaukee Bucks) on December 12, 1985
8 by Manute Bol, Washington Bullets (vs. Indiana Pacers) on February 26, 1987
8 by Dikembe Mutombo, Philadelphia 76ers (at Chicago Bulls) on December 1, 2001
8 by Erick Dampier, Golden State Warriors (vs. Los Angeles Clippers) on April 17, 2002

text: Most turnovers in a game

text:
14 by John Drew, Atlanta Hawks (at New Jersey Nets) on March 1, 1978[16]
14 by Jason Kidd, Phoenix Suns (vs. New York Knicks) on November 17, 2000[17]

text: Quickest disqualification

text: 3 minutes by Bubba Wells, Dallas Mavericks (vs. Chicago Bulls) on December 29, 1997

text: Season

text: Most games played

text: 88 by Walt Bellamy, 1968–69

text: Most minutes per game average

text: 48.52 by Wilt Chamberlain, 1961–62

text: Most minutes

text: 3,882 by Wilt Chamberlain, 1961–62

text: Highest points per game average

text: 50.36 by Wilt Chamberlain, 1961–62

text: Most points

text: 4,029 by Wilt Chamberlain, 1961–62

text: Most 50-point games

text: 45 by Wilt Chamberlain, 1961–62

text: Most 40-point games

text: 63 by Wilt Chamberlain, 1961–62

text: Most field goals made

text: 1,597 by Wilt Chamberlain, 1961–62

text: Most field goals attempted

text: 3,159 by Wilt Chamberlain, 1961–62

text: Most field goals missed

text: 1,562 by Wilt Chamberlain, 1961–62

text: Highest field goal percentage

text: 72.7% by Wilt Chamberlain, 1972–73

text: Most free throws made

text: 840 by Jerry West, 1965–66

text: Most free throws attempted

text: 1,363 by Wilt Chamberlain, 1961–62

text: Highest free throw percentage

text: 98.05% by José Calderón, 2008–09[18]

text: Most 3-point field goals made

text: 402 by Stephen Curry, 2015–16

text: Highest 3-point field goals per game average

text: 5.1 by Stephen Curry, 2015–16

text: Most 3-point field goals attempted

text: 886 by Stephen Curry, 2015–16

text: Highest 3-point field goals attempted per game average

text: 11.2 by Stephen Curry, 2015–16

text: Highest 3-point field goal percentage

text: 53.6% by Kyle Korver, 2009–10

text: Highest rebounds per game average

text: 27.2 by Wilt Chamberlain, 1960–61

text: Most rebounds

text: 2,149 by Wilt Chamberlain, 1960–61

text: Highest defensive rebounds per game average

text: 13.7 by Elvin Hayes, 1973–74

text: Most defensive rebounds

text: 1,111 by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, 1975–76

text: Highest offensive rebounds per game average

text: 7.2 by Moses Malone, 1978–79

text: Most offensive rebounds

text: 587 by Moses Malone, 1978–79

text: Highest assists per game average

text: 14.54 by John Stockton, 1989–90

text: Most assists

text: 1164 by John Stockton, 1990–91

text: Highest steals per game average

text: 3.67 by Alvin Robertson, 1985–86

text: Most steals

text: 301 by Alvin Robertson, 1985–86

text: Highest blocks per game average

text: 5.56 by Mark Eaton, 1984–85

text: Most blocks

text: 456 by Mark Eaton, 1984–85

text: Highest turnovers per game average

text: 5.73 by James Harden, 2016–17

text: Most turnovers

text: 464 by James Harden, 2016–17

text: Most personal fouls

text: 386 by Darryl Dawkins, 1983–84

text: Most technical fouls

text: 41 by Rasheed Wallace, 2000–01

text: Most disqualifications

text: 26 by Don Meineke, 1952–53

text: Most consecutive disqualifications

text: 6 by Don Boven, 1951–52[19]

text: Triple-double per game average

text:
Oscar Robertson: 30.8 points, 12.5 rebounds, and 11.4 assists, 1961–62.
Russell Westbrook: 31.6 points, 10.7 rebounds, and 10.4 assists, 2016–17.

text: Most triple-doubles

text: 42 by Russell Westbrook, 2016–17

text: Most consecutive triple-doubles

text: 9 by Wilt Chamberlain, 1967–68

text: Career

text: Most games

text: 1,611 by Robert Parish

text: Most consecutive games

text: 1,192 by A.C. Green

text: Most minutes per game

text: 45.8 by Wilt Chamberlain

text: Most minutes

text: 57,446 by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar

text: Highest points per game average

text: 30.12 by Michael Jordan

text: Most points

text: 38,387 by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar

text: Most seasons leading league in points

text: 11 by Michael Jordan

text: Most seasons leading league in points per game

text: 10 by Michael Jordan

text: Most consecutive seasons leading league in points

text: 7 by Wilt Chamberlain (1959–60–1965–66) and Michael Jordan (1986–87–1992–93)

text: Most 60+ point games

text: 32 by Wilt Chamberlain

text: Most 50+ point games

text: 118 by Wilt Chamberlain

text: Most 40+ point games

text: 271 by Wilt Chamberlain

text: Most 30+ point games

text: 562 by Michael Jordan

text: Most 20+ point games

text: 1,134 by Karl Malone

text: Most 10+ point games

text: 1,509 by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar

text: Most consecutive 50+ point games

text: 7 by Wilt Chamberlain from December 16–29, 1961

text: Most consecutive 40+ point games

text: 14 by Wilt Chamberlain from December 8–30, 1961 and January 11 – February 1, 1962[20]

text: Most consecutive 30+ point games

text: 65 by Wilt Chamberlain from November 4, 1961 – February 22, 1962

text: Most consecutive 20+ point games

text: 126 by Wilt Chamberlain from October 19, 1961 – January 19, 1963

text: Most consecutive 10+ point games

text: 866 by Michael Jordan from March 25, 1986 – December 26, 2001

text: Most field goals made

text: 15,837 by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar

text: Most field goals attempted

text: 28,307 by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar

text: Most seasons leading league in field goals made

text: 10 by Michael Jordan

text: Most consecutive seasons leading league in field goals made

text: 7 by Wilt Chamberlain (1960–66) and Michael Jordan (1987–93)

text: Most seasons leading league in field goals attempted

text: 9 by Michael Jordan

text: Most consecutive seasons leading league in field goals attempted

text: 7 by Wilt Chamberlain (1960–66)

text: Highest field goal percentage

text: 59.9% by Artis Gilmore

text: Most seasons leading league in field goal percentage

text: 10 by Shaquille O'Neal

text: Most consecutive field goals made

text: 35 by Wilt Chamberlain from February 17–28, 1967

text: Most consecutive games with a field goal made

text: 1,360 by Tim Duncan from October 31, 1997 to December 30, 2015.[21]

text: Most seasons leading league in free throws made

text: 8 by Karl Malone

text: Most consecutive free throws made

text: 97 by Micheal Williams from March 24 – November 9, 1993

text: Most free throws made

text: 9,787 by Karl Malone

text: Most free throws attempted

text: 13,188 by Karl Malone

text: Most seasons leading league in free throws attempted

text: 9 by Wilt Chamberlain

text: Highest free throw percentage

text: 90.43% by Steve Nash (3,060/3,384)

text: Most seasons leading league in free throw percentage

text: 7 by Bill Sharman

text: Most 3-point field goals made

text: 2,973 by Ray Allen

text: Most 3-point field goals attempted

text: 7,429 by Ray Allen

text: Highest 3-point field goal percentage

text: 45.4% by Steve Kerr[22]

text: Most consecutive games with a 3-point field goal made

text: 157 by Stephen Curry from November 13, 2014 – November 4, 2016 (73 in 2014–15; 79 in 2015–16; 5 in 2016–17)

text: Most consecutive 3-point field goals made

text: 13 by Brent Price from January 15–19, 1996 and Terry Mills from December 4–7, 1996

text: Most 50–40–90 seasons

text: 4 by Steve Nash (2006, 2008–2010)

text: Most rebounds

text: 23,924 by Wilt Chamberlain

text: Highest rebounds per game average

text: 22.9 by Wilt Chamberlain

text: Most seasons leading league in rebounds

text: 11 by Wilt Chamberlain

text: Most consecutive seasons leading league in rebounds

text: 7 by Dennis Rodman

text: Most offensive rebounds

text: 6,731 by Moses Malone

text: 5.1 by Moses Malone

text: Most seasons leading league in offensive rebounds

text: 8 by Moses Malone

text: Most consecutive seasons leading league in offensive rebounds

text: 6 by Moses Malone

text: Most defensive rebounds

text: 11,453 by Kevin Garnett

text: 9.8 by Dave Cowens

text: Most seasons leading league in defensive rebounds

text: 6 by Dwight Howard (2007–08–2012–13)

text: Most consecutive seasons leading league in defensive rebounds

text: 6 by Dwight Howard (2007–08–2012–13)

text: Most assists

text: 15,806 by John Stockton

text: Most seasons leading league in assists

text: 9 by John Stockton

text: Most consecutive seasons leading league in assists

text: 9 by John Stockton (1988–89–1996–97)

text: Highest assists per game average

text: 11.2 by Magic Johnson

text: Most steals

text: 3,265 by John Stockton

text: Highest steals per game average

text: 2.71 by Alvin Robertson

text: Most consecutive games with at least 1 steal

text: 108 by Chris Paul[23]

text: Most seasons leading league in steals

text: 6 by Chris Paul (2007–08–2008–09, 2010–11–2013–14)

text: Most consecutive seasons leading league in steals

text: 4 by Chris Paul (2010–11–2013–14)

text: Most blocks

text: 3,830 by Hakeem Olajuwon

text: Highest blocks per game average

text: 3.5 by Mark Eaton

text: Most seasons leading league in blocks

text: 4 by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Mark Eaton, and Marcus Camby

text: Most consecutive seasons leading league in blocks

text: 3 by Dikembe Mutombo and Marcus Camby

text: Most turnovers

text: 4,524 by Karl Malone

text: Most triple-doubles

text: 181 by Oscar Robertson

text: Most consecutive triple-doubles

text: 9 by Wilt Chamberlain from March 8–20, 1968

text: Most personal fouls

text: 4,657 by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar

text: Most disqualifications

text: 127 by Vern Mikkelsen

text: Most technical fouls

text: 304 by Rasheed Wallace[24]

text: Rookie and age-related records

text: In 2006, the NBA introduced age requirement restrictions. Prospective high school players must wait a year before entering the NBA, making age-related records harder to break.

text: Youngest player to be drafted

text: Andrew Bynum was the youngest player to be drafted in NBA history at 17 years and 249 days after the Los Angeles Lakers selected him as the 10th overall pick in the 2005 NBA draft. He made his debut at 18 years and 6 days and was also the youngest to ever play in the NBA.

text: Oldest player to be drafted

text: Bernard James was the oldest player to be drafted in NBA history at 27 years and 148 days after the Cleveland Cavaliers selected him as the 33rd overall pick in the 2012 NBA draft before trading his rights to the Dallas Mavericks. He made his debut at 27 years and 266 days.

text: Youngest player debut

text: Andrew Bynum was the youngest player to debut in NBA history at 18 years and 6 days on his first game with the Los Angeles Lakers against the Denver Nuggets on November 2, 2005.

text: Oldest player debut

text: Nat Hickey was the oldest player to debut in NBA history at 45 years and 363 days on his first game with the Providence Steamrollers against the St. Louis Bombers on January 27, 1948. He was the team's coach and activated himself as a player. He only played 2 games.[25][26]

text: Oldest NBA debut as a starter

text: Arvydas Sabonis was the oldest rookie as a starter in NBA history at 30 years and 319 days on his first game with the Portland Trail Blazers against the Vancouver Grizzles on November 3, 1995. He was drafted 24th overall during the 1986 NBA Draft but elected to play professionally in Europe for 9 years before officially entering the NBA.

text: Youngest NBA debut as a starter

text: LeBron James was the youngest rookie as a starter in NBA history at 18 years and 303 days on his first game with the Cleveland Cavaliers against the Sacramento Kings on October 29, 2003.

text: Youngest player to start a game

text: Kobe Bryant (18 years, 158 days)

text: Oldest player to play a game

text: Nat Hickey (45 years, 363 days)

text: Oldest player to start a game

text: Robert Parish (43 years, 118 days)

text: Most points per game by a rookie

text: 37.6 by Wilt Chamberlain, 1959–60

text: Most rebounds per game by a rookie

text: 27.0 by Wilt Chamberlain, 1959–60

text: Most assists per game by a rookie

text: 10.6 by Mark Jackson, 1987–88

text: Most steals per game by a rookie

text: 2.57 by Dudley Bradley, 1979–80

text: Most blocks per game by a rookie

text: 4.96 by Manute Bol, 1985–86

text: Most points in a game by a rookie

text:
58 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia Warriors (vs. Detroit Pistons) on January 25, 1960
58 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia Warriors (at New York Knicks) on February 21, 1960

text: Most rebounds in a game by a rookie

text: 45 by Wilt Chamberlain, Philadelphia Warriors (vs. Syracuse Nationals) on February 6, 1960

text: Most assists in a game by a rookie

text:
25 by Ernie DiGregorio, Buffalo Braves (at Portland Trail Blazers) on January 1, 1974
25 by Nate McMillan, Seattle SuperSonics (vs. Los Angeles Clippers) on February 23, 1987

text: Most steals in a game by a rookie

text: 10 by Ron Harper, Cleveland Cavaliers (vs. Philadelphia 76ers) on March 10, 1987

text: Most blocks in a game by a rookie

text: 15 by Manute Bol, Washington Bullets (vs. Atlanta Hawks) on January 25, 1986

text: Most consecutive games with a 3-point field goal made by a rookie

text: 33 by Rudy Fernández, from December 7, 2008 – February 22, 2009.

text: Youngest/oldest player to score in a game

text:
Andrew Bynum is the youngest to score in a game, doing so on November 20, 2005, 18 days after his debut, for the Los Angeles Lakers vs. the Chicago Bulls at the age of 18 years, 24 days. He had a total of 4 points with two free throws made and a field goal.
Nat Hickey is the oldest to score in a game, doing so on January 27, 1948 for the Providence Steamrollers vs. the St. Louis Bombers at the age of 45 years, 363 days. He had a total of 2 points with two free throws made and no field goals. These are the only points recorded by Hickey in his entire NBA career.

text: Youngest/oldest player to record a triple-double

text:
LeBron James is the youngest, doing so on January 19, 2005 for the Cleveland Cavaliers vs. the Portland Trail Blazers at the age of 20 years, 20 days. He had 27 points, 11 rebounds and 10 assists.
Karl Malone is the oldest, doing so on November 28, 2003 for the Los Angeles Lakers vs. the San Antonio Spurs at the age of 40 years, 127 days. He had 10 points, 11 rebounds and 10 assists.

text: Leading the league in scoring

text:
Youngest: Kevin Durant, Oklahoma City Thunder (21 years, 197 days on April 14, 2010)[27][28]
Oldest: Michael Jordan, Chicago Bulls (7004128450000000000♠35 years, 61 days on April 19, 1998)

text: Leading the league in rebounding

text:
Youngest: Dwight Howard, Orlando Magic (22 years, 130 days on April 16, 2008)[29]
Oldest: Dennis Rodman, Chicago Bulls (36 years, 341 days on April 19, 1998)

text: Most consecutive games with 40+ points by a rookie

text: 5 by Allen Iverson in 1997

text: Only players to average 20+ points, 5+ assists and 5+ rebounds as a rookie

text:
Oscar Robertson (1960–61)
Michael Jordan (1984–85)
LeBron James (2003–04)
Tyreke Evans (2009–10)

text: Only player to average 30+ points and 20+ rebounds as a rookie

text: Wilt Chamberlain

text: Youngest/Oldest player to score 70+ points in a game

text:
Youngest: Devin Booker is the youngest player to score 70+ points in a game, scoring 70 points for the Phoenix Suns vs. the Boston Celtics at the age of 20 years, 145 days.
Oldest: David Robinson is the oldest player to score 70+ points in a game, scoring 71 points for the San Antonio Spurs vs. the Los Angeles Clippers at the age of 28 years, 261 days.

text: Youngest/Oldest player to score 60+ points in a game

text:
Youngest: Devin Booker is the youngest player to score 60+ points in a game, scoring 70 points for the Phoenix Suns vs. the Boston Celtics at the age of 20 years, 145 days.
Oldest: Kobe Bryant is the oldest player to score 60+ points in a game, scoring 60 points for the Los Angeles Lakers vs. the Utah Jazz at the age of 37 years, 234 days.

text: Youngest/Oldest player to score 50+ points in a game

text:
Youngest: Brandon Jennings is the youngest player to score 50+ points in a game, scoring 55 points for the Milwaukee Bucks against the Golden State Warriors at the age of 20 years, 52 days.[30]
Oldest: Michael Jordan is the oldest player to score 50+ points in a game, scoring 51 points for the Washington Wizards vs. the Charlotte Hornets at the age of 38 years, 315 days.

text: Youngest/Oldest player to score 40+ points in a game

text:
Youngest: LeBron James is the youngest player to score 40+ points in a game, scoring 41 points for the Cleveland Cavaliers against the New Jersey Nets at the age of 19 years, 88 days.
Oldest: Michael Jordan is the oldest player and only 40-year-old player to score 40+ points in a game, doing so with 43 points for the Washington Wizards vs. the New Jersey Nets at the age of 40 years, 4 days.[31]

text: Youngest/Oldest player to score 30+ points in a game

text:
Youngest: LeBron James is the youngest player to score 30+ points in a game, scoring 37 points for the Cleveland Cavaliers against the Boston Celtics at the age of 18 years, 348 days.
Oldest: Michael Jordan is the oldest player to score 30+ points in a game, doing so with 39 points for the Washington Wizards vs. the New York Knicks at the age of 40 years, 20 days.

text: Youngest/Oldest player to score 20+ points in a game

text:
Youngest: LeBron James is the youngest player to score 20+ points in a game, scoring 28 points for the Cleveland Cavaliers against the Washington Wizards at the age of 18 years, 324 days.
Oldest: Kareem Abdul-Jabbar is the oldest player to score 20+ points in a game, doing so with 21 points for the Los Angeles Lakers vs. the Houston Rockets at the age of 41 years, 331 days.

text: Youngest/Oldest player to score 30+ points in a game as a reserve

text:
Youngest: Kobe Bryant is the youngest player to score 30+ while coming off the bench, he scored 30 points for the Los Angeles Lakers against the Dallas Mavericks at the age of 19 years, 113 days.
Oldest: Michael Jordan is the oldest player to score 30+ while coming off the bench, he scored 34 points for the Washington Wizards against the Milwaukee Bucks at the age of 39 years, 40 days.

text: Youngest/Oldest player to score 20+ points in a game as a reserve

text:
Youngest: Jermaine O'Neal is the youngest player to score 20+ while coming off the bench, he scored 20 points for the Portland Trail Blazers against the Seattle SuperSonics at the age of 18 years, 101 days.
Oldest: Vince Carter is the oldest player to score 20+ while coming off the bench, he scored 20 points for the Memphis Grizzlies against the Utah Jazz at the age of 39 years, 293 days.[32]

text: Youngest/Oldest player with 20+ rebounds in a game

text:
Youngest: Dwight Howard is the youngest player to rebound 20+ in a game, he grabbed 20 rebounds for the Orlando Magic against the Toronto Raptors at the age of 18 years, 359 days.
Oldest: Dikembe Mutombo is the oldest player to rebound 20+ in a game, he grabbed 22 rebounds for the Houston Rockets against the Denver Nuggets at the age of 40 years, 250 days.

text: Youngest/Oldest player with 15+ rebounds in a game

text:
Youngest: LeBron James is the youngest player to rebound 15+ in a game, he grabbed 16 rebounds for the Cleveland Cavaliers against the Memphis Grizzlies at the age of 18 years, 334 days.
Oldest: Dikembe Mutombo is the oldest player to rebound 15+ in a game, he grabbed 15 rebounds for the Houston Rockets against the Golden State Warriors at the age of 42 years, 289 days.

text: Youngest/Oldest player with 10+ rebounds in a game as a reserve

text:
Youngest: Devin Booker is the youngest player to rebound 10+ in a game coming off the bench, he grabbed 10 rebounds for the Phoenix Suns against the Charlotte Hornets at the age of 19 years, 68 days.
Oldest: Kevin Willis is the oldest player to rebound 10+ in a game coming off the bench, he grabbed 10 rebounds for the Atlanta Hawks against the New York Knicks at the age of 42 years, 85 days.

text: Youngest/Oldest player with 10+ steals in a game

text:
Youngest: Ron Harper is the youngest player with 10+ steals in a game, he had 10 steals for the Cleveland Cavaliers against the Philadelphia 76ers at the age of 23 years, 49 days.
Oldest: Clyde Drexler is the oldest player with 10+ steals in a game, he had 10 steals for the Houston Rockets against the Sacramento Kings at the age of 34 years, 132 days.

text: Youngest/Oldest player with 20+ assists in a game

text:
Youngest: Ennis Whatley is the youngest player with 20+ assists in a game, he had 22 assists for the Chicago Bulls against the New York Knicks at the age of 21 years, 156 days.
Oldest: Steve Nash is the oldest player with 20+ assists in a game, he had 20 assists for the Phoenix Suns against the Los Angeles Lakers at the age of 37 years, 43 days.

text: Youngest/Oldest player with 10+ assists in a game

text:
Youngest: LeBron James is the youngest player with 10+ assists in a game, he had 13 assists for the Cleveland Cavaliers against the New Jersey Nets at the age of 19 years, 88 days.
Oldest: John Stockton is the oldest player with 10+ assists in a game, he had 10 assists for the Utah Jazz against the San Antonio Spurs at the age of 41 years, 19 days.

text: Youngest/Oldest player with 10+ blocks in a game

text:
Youngest: Josh Smith is the youngest player with 10+ blocks in a game, he had 10 blocks for the Atlanta Hawks against the Dallas Mavericks at the age of 19 years, 13 days.
Oldest: Dikembe Mutombo is the oldest player with 10+ blocks in a game, he had 10 blocks for the New York Knicks against the New Jersey Nets at the age of 37 years, 193 days.

text: Youngest player to reach... (career)

text:
1,000 Points – LeBron James (19 years, 41 days) on February 9, 2004
5,000 Points – LeBron James (21 years, 22 days) on January 21, 2006
10,000 Points – LeBron James (23 years, 59 days) on February 27, 2008
15,000 Points – LeBron James (25 years, 72 days) on March 19, 2010
20,000 Points – LeBron James (28 years, 17 days) on January 16, 2013
25,000 Points – LeBron James (30 years, 307 days) on November 2, 2015
30,000 Points – Kobe Bryant (34 years, 104 days) on December 5, 2012
1,000 Rebounds – Dwight Howard (19 years, 356 days) on November 29, 2005
5,000 Rebounds – Dwight Howard (23 years, 112 days) on March 30, 2009
10,000 Rebounds – Wilt Chamberlain (28 years, 81 days) on November 10, 1964[33]
1,000 Assists – LeBron James (20 years, 102 days) on April 11, 2005
5,000 Assists – Magic Johnson (26 years, 246 days) on April 17, 1986

text: Fewest games played to reach 15,000 points

text: 358 by Wilt Chamberlain

text: Fewest games played to reach 20,000 points

text: 499 by Wilt Chamberlain

text: Fewest games played to reach 25,000 points

text: 691 by Wilt Chamberlain

text: Fewest games played to reach 30,000 points

text: 941 by Wilt Chamberlain

text: Youngest player to receive All-NBA First Team honors

text: LeBron James (21 years, 138 days)

text: Oldest player to receive All-NBA First Team honors

text: Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, he was 39 years and 35 days old in his last game for the Los Angeles Lakers in the 1985–86 regular season.

text: Youngest player to receive regular season NBA MVP award

text: Derrick Rose (22 years, 191 days)

text: Oldest player to receive regular season NBA MVP award

text: Karl Malone (35 years, 284 days)

text: Team records

text: Game

text: Other than the longest game, all records in this section are since the 1954–55 season (the first season with a shot clock).

text: Longest game

text: The longest NBA game occurred on January 6, 1951 between the Olympians and Royals. Indianapolis beat Rochester 75–73 after 6 overtimes.[34]

text: Most points in a game – overtime

text: 186 by the Detroit Pistons vs. the Denver Nuggets on December 13, 1983 (3 OT)[35]

text: Most points in a game – regulation

text:
173 by the Boston Celtics vs. the Minneapolis Lakers on February 27, 1959[36]
173 by the Phoenix Suns vs. the Denver Nuggets on November 10, 1990

text: Most points in a half

text: 107 by the Phoenix Suns vs. the Denver Nuggets on November 10, 1990

text: Most points in 1st half

text: Most points in 2nd half

text: 97 by the Atlanta Hawks at the San Diego Rockets on February 11, 1970

text: Most points in a quarter

text: 58 by the Buffalo Braves at the Boston Celtics on October 20, 1972

text: Most points in an overtime period

text: 25 by the New Jersey Nets at Los Angeles Clippers on November 30, 1996

text: Most combined points in a game

text: 370 – Detroit Pistons (186) at the Denver Nuggets (184) in 3 overtimes on December 13, 1983

text: Most combined points in a half

text: 174 – Phoenix Suns (107) vs. the Denver Nuggets (67) on November 10, 1990

text: Most combined points in 1st half

text: Most combined points in 2nd half

text: 172 – San Antonio Spurs (91) at the Denver Nuggets (81) on January 11, 1984

text: Most combined points in a quarter

text: 99 – San Antonio Spurs (53) at Denver Nuggets (46) on January 11, 1984

text: Most combined points in an overtime period

text: 46 – Dallas Mavericks (23) at Houston Rockets (23) on April 11, 1995 (1st OT)

text: Fewest points in a game

text: 49 by the Chicago Bulls vs. the Miami Heat on April 10, 1999[37]

text: Fewest points in a half

text: 16 by the New Orleans Hornets at the Los Angeles Clippers on March 1, 2006

text: Fewest points in 1st half

text: 19 by the Los Angeles Clippers vs. the Los Angeles Lakers on December 14, 1999

text: Fewest points in 2nd half

text: 16 by the New Orleans Hornets at the Los Angeles Clippers on March 1, 2006[38]

text: Fewest points in a quarter

text:
2 by the Dallas Mavericks at the Los Angeles Lakers on April 6, 1997
2 by the Golden State Warriors vs. the Toronto Raptors on February 8, 2004

text: Fewest points in an overtime period

text:
0 by the Houston Rockets vs. the Portland Trail Blazers on January 22, 1983
0 by the Los Angeles Lakers vs. the Detroit Pistons on December 1, 1989
0 by the Seattle SuperSonics at the Philadelphia 76ers on February 16, 1990
0 by the Indiana Pacers at the Portland Trail Blazers on March 10, 1996 (2nd OT)
0 by the Denver Nuggets vs. the Charlotte Hornets on January 13, 1997
0 by the Washington Bullets at the Atlanta Hawks on November 18, 1997
0 by the Los Angeles Clippers vs. the Chicago Bulls on November 21, 1997 (2nd OT)
0 by the Vancouver Grizzlies vs. the Indiana Pacers on December 1, 2000
0 by the Sacramento Kings vs. the Cleveland Cavaliers on December 23, 2009
0 by the Atlanta Hawks vs. the Miami Heat on January 5, 2012 (3rd OT)
0 by the Chicago Bulls vs. the Minnesota Timberwolves on November 7, 2015

text: Fewest combined points in a game

text: 119 – The Milwaukee Hawks (57) vs. the Boston Celtics (62) on February 27, 1955

text: Fewest combined points in 1st half

text:
55 – The Houston Rockets (25) vs. the San Antonio Spurs (30) on December 11, 2003
55 – The New Jersey Nets (25) at the Portland Trail Blazers (30) on November 28, 2004

text: Fewest combined points in 2nd half

text:
51 – The Boston Celtics (25) vs. the Milwaukee Hawks (26) on February 27, 1955
51 – The Charlotte Hornets (19) at the New York Knicks (32) on November 11, 2000

text: Fewest combined points in a quarter

text: 15 – The New York Knicks (8) at the Orlando Magic (7) on April 11, 2015

text: Fewest combined points in an overtime period

text: 2 – The Denver Nuggets (0) vs. the Charlotte Hornets (2) on January 13, 1997

text: Fewest field goals made in a game

text: 16 by the Orlando Magic vs. the Boston Celtics on January 23, 2012[39]

text: Most 3-point field goals made in a game

text: 25 by the Cleveland Cavaliers at the Atlanta Hawks on March 3, 2017

text: Most combined 3-point field goals made in a game

text: 39 – The Dallas Mavericks (18) vs. the Golden State Warriors (21) on March 25, 2016[40]

text: 61 by the Houston Rockets vs. the New Orleans Pelicans on December 16, 2016

text: 22 by the Denver Nuggets vs. Portland Trail Blazers, December 21, 2012[41]

text: Most combined 3-point field goals attempted in a game

text:
88 – The Houston Rockets (44) at the Golden State Warriors (44) on December 1, 2016
88 – The Houston Rockets (61) vs. the New Orleans Pelicans (27) on December 16, 2016
88 – The Houston Rockets (44) at the Brooklyn Nets (44) on January 15, 2017
88 – The Houston Rockets (45) vs. the Cleveland Cavaliers (43) on March 12, 2017

text: Most 3-point field goals made in a half

text: 16 by the Cleveland Cavaliers vs. the Portland Trail Blazers on November 23, 2016

text: Most 3-point field goals attempted in a half

text: 31 by the Houston Rockets vs. the New Orleans Pelicans on December 16, 2016

text: Most free throws made in a game

text: 61 by the Phoenix Suns vs. the Utah Jazz on April 9, 1990

text: Most free throws attempted in a game

text: 80 by the Phoenix Suns vs. the Utah Jazz on April 9, 1990

text: Most combined free throws made in a game

text: 92 – The Boston Celtics (50) vs. the New York Knicks (42) on November 18, 2006

text: Most combined free throws attempted in a game

text: 121 – The Phoenix Suns (80) vs. the Utah Jazz (41) on April 9, 1990

text: Fewest free throws made in a game

text: 0 by the Toronto Raptors vs. the Charlotte Hornets on January 9, 1996 (0/3)

text: Fewest free throws attempted in a game

text: 1 by the Memphis Grizzlies vs. the Atlanta Hawks on February 8, 2014

text: Fewest combined free throws made in a game

text:
8 – The Toronto Raptors (1) vs. the Chicago Bulls (7) on January 14, 2012
8 – The Atlanta Hawks (4) vs. the New Orleans Hornets (4) on January 1, 2013

text: Fewest combined free throws attempted in a game

text:
13 – The Orlando Magic (8) vs. the Philadelphia 76ers (5) on February 4, 2013
13 – The Chicago Bulls (9) vs. the Boston Celtics (4) on March 12, 2017

text: Largest margin of victory in a game

text: 68 – The Cleveland Cavaliers defeated the Miami Heat 148–80 on December 17, 1991

text: Only team to double its opponents' score in a game

text: The Indiana Pacers defeated the Portland Trail Blazers 124–59 on February 27, 1998[42]

text: Largest margin of victory in an overtime period

text: 17 – The Portland Trail Blazers defeated the Houston Rockets on January 22, 1983 (113–96 game, 17–0 OT)

text: Most rebounds in a game

text: 109 by the Boston Celtics vs. the Detroit Pistons on December 24, 1960[43]

text: Fewest rebounds in a game

text: 17 by the Brooklyn Nets vs. the Oklahoma City Thunder on January 31, 2014[44]

text: Most assists in a game

text: 53 by the Milwaukee Bucks vs. the Detroit Pistons on December 26, 1978[45]

text: Most assists in a half

text: 33 by the Phoenix Suns vs. the Denver Nuggets on November 10, 1990[45]

text: Fewest assists in a game

text: 3 by the Chicago Bulls vs. the New Jersey Nets on December 26, 1999

text: Fewest combined assists in a game

text:
18 – The Atlanta Hawks (5) vs. the New York Knicks (13) on April 28, 1999
18 – The Denver Nuggets (7) vs. the Miami Heat (11) on February 21, 2004

text: Most steals in a game

text: 27 by the Seattle SuperSonics vs. the Toronto Raptors on January 15, 1997

text: Most steals in a half

text: 17 by the Golden State Warriors vs. the San Antonio Spurs on February 15, 1989

text: Most steals in a quarter

text: 12 by the Golden State Warriors vs. the Indiana Pacers on January 16, 2008[46]

text: Most combined steals in a game

text:
40 – The Golden State Warriors (24) vs. the Los Angeles Lakers (16) on January 21, 1974
40 – The Philadelphia 76ers (24) vs. the Detroit Pistons (16) on November 11, 1978
40 – The Golden State Warriors (25) vs. the San Antonio Spurs (15) on February 15, 1989

text: Fewest combined steals in a game

text:
2 – The Detroit Pistons (1) vs. the New York Knicks (1) on October 9, 1973
2 – The San Antonio Spurs (1) vs. the Charlotte Hornets (1) on February 6, 1996
2 – The Miami Heat (1) vs. the Los Angeles Lakers (1) on January 16, 2006
2 – The New York Knicks (0) vs. the New Orleans/Oklahoma City Hornets (2) on February 10, 2006
2 – The Orlando Magic (0) vs. the Houston Rockets (2) on January 22, 2011

text: Most blocks in a game

text: 23 by the Toronto Raptors vs. the Atlanta Hawks on March 23, 2001

text: Most blocks in a half

text:
16 during the 1st half by the Toronto Raptors vs. the Atlanta Hawks on March 23, 2001
16 during the 2nd half by the Toronto Raptors vs. the Golden State Warriors on November 7, 2001

text: Most combined blocks in a game

text: 32 – The Philadelphia 76ers (20) vs. the Seattle SuperSonics (12) on March 9, 1984

text: Most turnovers in a game

text: 45 by the San Francisco Warriors vs. the Boston Celtics on March 9, 1971

text: Most combined turnovers in a game

text: 69 – The Phoenix Suns (39) vs. the Denver Nuggets (30) on October 29, 1985

text: Fewest turnovers in a game

text:
2 by the Milwaukee Bucks vs. the Indiana Pacers on April 1, 2006[47]
2 by the Cleveland Cavaliers vs. the Portland Trail Blazers on March 19, 2009 (OT)[48]
2 by the Oklahoma City Thunder vs. the Los Angeles Lakers on March 6, 2013[49]
2 by the Charlotte Hornets vs. the Milwaukee Bucks on March 28, 2017

text: Fewest combined turnovers in a game

text:
9 – The San Antonio Spurs (4) vs. the Los Angeles Clippers (5) on December 13, 2005 (OT)
9 – The Cleveland Cavaliers (4) vs. the New Jersey Nets (5) on March 22, 2009

text: Most fouls in a game

text: 52 by the Utah Jazz at the Phoenix Suns on April 9, 1990 (OT)

text: Most disqualifications in a game

text: 8 by the Syracuse Nationals vs the Baltimore Bullets on November 15, 1952 (OT)

text: Most fast-break points in a game

text: 56 by the Phoenix Suns at the Golden State Warriors on March 15, 2009[50]

text: Largest comebacks

text:
36 points (:20 left in 2nd) – The Utah Jazz overcame a 36-point deficit[51] to defeat the Denver Nuggets at home on November 27, 1996.[52] Utah trailed 70–34 with 20 seconds left in the 1st half, but outscored Denver 73–33 during the rest of the game to win 107–103. This is the largest overall deficit overcome in NBA history.[53]
35 points (8:50 left in 3rd) – The Sacramento Kings were down 79–44 to the Chicago Bulls on December 21, 2009, but the Kings, led by Tyreke Evans's 23 points, charged back, winning the game 102–98.
29 points (8:43 left in 4th) – The Milwaukee Bucks overcame a 29-point deficit to beat the Atlanta Hawks on the road on November 25, 1977. This is the largest 4th quarter deficit overcome in NBA history. Atlanta led 111–82 when Milwaukee went on a 35–4 run to win 117–115.

text: Teams that had two players score 40+ points in a game

text:
The Baltimore Bullets vs. the Los Angeles Lakers on November 14, 1964 (Gus Johnson 41, Walt Bellamy 40)
The Los Angeles Lakers at the San Francisco Warriors on February 11, 1970 (Elgin Baylor 43, Jerry West 43)
The New Orleans Jazz vs. the Denver Nuggets on April 10, 1977 (Pete Maravich 45, Nate Williams 41)
The Phoenix Suns at the Boston Celtics on January 5, 1978 (Paul Westphal 43, Walter Davis 40)
The San Antonio Spurs vs. the Milwaukee Bucks on March 6, 1982 (3 OT) (George Gervin 50, Mike Mitchell 45)
The Detroit Pistons at the Denver Nuggets on December 13, 1983 (3 OT) (Isiah Thomas 47, John Long 41)
The Denver Nuggets vs. the Detroit Pistons on December 13, 1983 (3 OT) (Kiki Vandeweghe 51, Alex English 47)
The Utah Jazz vs. the Detroit Pistons on March 19, 1984 (Adrian Dantley 43, John Drew 42)
The Chicago Bulls at the Indiana Pacers on February 18, 1996 (Michael Jordan 44, Scottie Pippen 40)
The Oklahoma City Thunder vs. the Denver Nuggets on February 19, 2012 (OT) (Kevin Durant 51, Russell Westbrook 40)
The Oklahoma City Thunder vs. the Minnesota Timberwolves on March 23, 2012 (2 OT) (Russell Westbrook 45, Kevin Durant 40)
The Oklahoma City Thunder vs. the Orlando Magic on October 30, 2015 (2 OT) (Russell Westbrook 48, Kevin Durant 43)
The Minnesota Timberwolves at the Los Angeles Lakers on April 9, 2017 (Andrew Wiggins 41, Karl-Anthony Towns 40)

text: Season

text: Best record

text: 73–9 (.890) by the Golden State Warriors in the 2015–16 season

text: Worst record

text: 7–59 (.106) by the Charlotte Bobcats in the 2011–12 season

text: Most losses

text: 73 by the Philadelphia 76ers in the 1972–73 season

text: Fewest wins

text: 6 by the Providence Steamrollers in the 1947–48 season

text: Best home record

text:
40–1 (.976) by the Boston Celtics in the 1985–86 season
40–1 (.976) by the San Antonio Spurs in the 2015–16 season

text: Fewest home losses

text:
1 by the Washington Capitols in the 1946–47 season
1 by the Minneapolis Lakers, Syracuse Nationals, and Rochester Royals in the 1949–50 season
1 by the Boston Celtics in the 1985–86 season
1 by the San Antonio Spurs in the 2015–16 season

text: Worst home record

text: 4–29 (.121) by the Charlotte Bobcats in the 2011–12 season

text: Fewest home wins

text: 3 by the Providence Steamrollers in the 1947–48 season

text: Most home losses

text: 35 by the Dallas Mavericks in the 1993–94 season

text: Best road record

text: 34–7 (.829) by the Golden State Warriors in the 2015–16 season

text: Most road wins

text: 34 by the Golden State Warriors in the 2015–16 season

text: Worst road record

text: 0–20 (.000) by the Baltimore Bullets in the 1953–54 season

text: Most road losses

text: 40 by the Sacramento Kings in the 1990–91 season

text: Longest winning streak

text: 33 by the Los Angeles Lakers from November 5, 1971 – January 7, 1972

text: Longest home winning streak

text: 54 by the Golden State Warriors over 2 regular seasons from January 31, 2015 – March 29, 2016

text: Longest road winning streak

text: 16 by the Los Angeles Lakers from November 6, 1971 – January 7, 1972

text: Longest losing streak

text: 28 by the Philadelphia 76ers over 2 regular seasons from March 27 – November 29, 2015

text: Longest single-season losing streak

text:
26 by the Cleveland Cavaliers from December 20, 2010 – February 9, 2011
26 by the Philadelphia 76ers from January 31 – March 27, 2014

text: Best start (41 games)

text:
38–3 by the Los Angeles Lakers in the 1971–72 season (went to 39–3)
38–3 by the Chicago Bulls in the 1995–96 season (went to 41–3)

text: Best finish (41 games)

text: 38–3 by the Miami Heat in the 2012–13 season

text: Worst start (41 games)

text: 2–39 by the Dallas Mavericks in the 1993–94 season

text: Worst finish (41 games)

text: 4–37 by the San Diego Rockets in the 1967–68 season

text: Best starts (number of losses)

text:
0: 24–0 by the Golden State Warriors in the 2015–16 season (October 27 – December 11, 2015)
1: 29–1 by the Golden State Warriors in the 2015–16 season
2: 36–2 by the Golden State Warriors in the 2015–16 season
3: 41–3 by the Chicago Bulls in the 1995–96 season
4: 48–4 by the Golden State Warriors in the 2015–16 season
5: 55–5 by the Golden State Warriors in the 2015–16 season
6: 62–6 by the Golden State Warriors in the 2015–16 season
7: 68–7 by the Golden State Warriors in the 2015–16 season
8: 69–8 by the Golden State Warriors in the 2015–16 season
9: 73–9 by the Golden State Warriors in the 2015–16 season

text: Worst starts (number of wins)

text:
0: 0–18 by the New Jersey Nets in the 2009–10 season (October 28 – December 2, 2009)
0: 0–18 by the Philadelphia 76ers in the 2015–16 season (October 28 – November 29, 2015)
1: 1–30 by the Philadelphia 76ers in the 2015–16 season
2: 2–39 by the Dallas Mavericks in the 1993–94 season
3: 3–40 by the Dallas Mavericks in the 1993–94 season
3: 3–40 by the Denver Nuggets in the 1997–98 season
4: 4–58 by the Philadelphia 76ers in the 1972–73 season
5: 5–58 by the Philadelphia 76ers in the 1972–73 season
6: 6–59 by the Philadelphia 76ers in the 1972–73 season
7: 7–64 by the Dallas Mavericks in the 1992–93 season
8: 8–68 by the Dallas Mavericks in the 1992–93 season
9: 9–73 by the Philadelphia 76ers in the 1972–73 season

text: Highest average point differential

text: 12.3 by the Los Angeles Lakers in the 1971–72 season

text: Lowest average point differential

text: -15.2 by the Dallas Mavericks in the 1992–93 season[54]

text: Largest average margin of victory

text: 17.5 by the Milwaukee Bucks in the 1970–71 season

text: Most points per game

text: 126.5 by the Denver Nuggets in the 1981–82 season

text: Fewest points per game

text: 81.9 by the Chicago Bulls in the 1998–99 season

text: Most consecutive 100-point games

text: 136 by the Denver Nuggets from January 21, 1981–December 8, 1982

text: Most consecutive games with less than 100 points

text: 35 by the Miami Heat from October 31, 2001–January 14, 2002

text: Most steals per game

text: 12.9 by the Phoenix Suns in the 1977–78 season

text: Fewest steals per game

text: 5.54 by the Portland Trail Blazers in the 2013–14 season

text: Most blocks per game

text: 8.7 by the Washington Bullets in the 1985–86 season

text: Fewest blocks per game

text: 2.49 by the New York Knicks in the 2008–09 season

text: Most turnovers per game

text: 24.5 by the Denver Nuggets in the 1976–77 season

text: Fewest turnovers per game

text: 11.2 by the Philadelphia 76ers in the 2011–12 season

text: Undefeated months (min. 12 games)

text:
12–0 by the Washington Capitols in November 1948
15–0 by the Boston Celtics in December 1959
14–0 by the Los Angeles Lakers in November 1971
16–0 by the Los Angeles Lakers in December 1971
12–0 by the Los Angeles Lakers in November 1972
13–0 by the Milwaukee Bucks in March 1973
14–0 by the Phoenix Suns in December 1992
14–0 by the Houston Rockets in November 1993
14–0 by the New York Knicks in March 1994
14–0 by the Chicago Bulls in January 1996
16–0 by the San Antonio Spurs in March 1996
13–0 by the Houston Rockets in February 2008
16–0 by the Los Angeles Clippers in December 2012
16–0 by the San Antonio Spurs in March 2014
17–0 by the Atlanta Hawks in January 2015
16–0 by the Golden State Warriors in November 2015

text: Best record to not qualify for Playoffs

text: 49–33 (.598) by the Phoenix Suns in the 1971–72 season (8-team playoff of 17-team league)

text: Worst record to qualify for Playoffs

text: 16–54 (.229) by the Baltimore Bullets in the 1952–53 season

text: Best single-season improvement

text: The Boston Celtics improved from 24 wins in the 2006–07 season to 66 in the 2007–08 season.[55]

text: Only teams to have three players on NBA All-Defensive First Team

text:
1969–70 New York Knicks: Dave DeBusschere, Walt Frazier, Willis Reed
1975–76 Boston Celtics: Dave Cowens, John Havlicek, Paul Silas
1977–78 Portland Trail Blazers: Lionel Hollins, Maurice Lucas, Bill Walton
1982–83 Philadelphia 76ers: Maurice Cheeks, Bobby Jones, Moses Malone
1995–96 Chicago Bulls: Michael Jordan, Scottie Pippen, Dennis Rodman

text: Franchise

text: Highest winning percentage

text: 62.1% by the San Antonio Spurs (2,006–1,226)

text: Lowest winning percentage

text: 39.1% by the Minnesota Timberwolves (847–1,319)

text: Best record over

text:
2 Seasons: 141–23 by the Chicago Bulls (1995–96, 1996–97)
3 Seasons: 207–39 by the Golden State Warriors (2014–15, 2016–17)
4 Seasons: 258–70 by the Golden State Warriors (2013–14, 2016–17)
5 Seasons: 311–99 by the Boston Celtics (1981–82, 1985–86)
10 Seasons: 570–209 by the Boston Celtics (1957–58, 1966–67)

text: Best home record over

text:
2 Seasons: 79–3 by the Boston Celtics (1985–86, 1986–87)
3 Seasons: 115–8 by the Boston Celtics (1984–85, 1986–87) and Chicago Bulls (1995–96, 1997–98)

text: Best road record over

text:
2 Seasons: 65–17 by the Golden State Warriors (2015–16, 2016–17)
3 Seasons: 93–30 by the Golden State Warriors (2014–15, 2016–17)

text: Longest streak of at least one 3-point field goal made

text: 1,108 games: Dallas Mavericks (February 27, 1999–December 14, 2012)[56]

text: Most consecutive 50+ win seasons

text: 18 seasons: by the San Antonio Spurs (1999–2000–present)

text: Other records

text: Most consecutive points in a regular season game

text: 26 by Carmelo Anthony, Denver Nuggets (vs. Minnesota Timberwolves), December 10, 2008

text: Most consecutive unanswered points in a regular season game

text: 13 by Klay Thompson, Golden State Warriors (vs. Sacramento Kings), January 23, 2015 (starting at 79–70 with 3:04 left in 3rd quarter, until 92–70 with 1:02 left in the same quarter)[citation needed]

text: Largest attendance at a game

text: Regular season or Playoffs: 62,046 on March 27, 1998, Chicago Bulls at the Atlanta Hawks in the Georgia Dome. This was one of the last regular season games Michael Jordan played before his 2nd retirement.

text: Only player to record a double-triple-double (20+ in any 3 stats)

text: Wilt Chamberlain had 22 points, 25 rebounds, and 21 assists on February 4, 1968

text: Quadruple-doubles (10+ in any 4 stats)

text:
Nate Thurmond, October 18, 1974, Chicago Bulls vs. Atlanta Hawks; 22 points, 14 rebounds, 13 assists, 12 blocks.
Alvin Robertson, February 18, 1986, San Antonio Spurs vs. Phoenix Suns; 20 points, 11 rebounds, 10 assists, 10 steals.
Hakeem Olajuwon, March 29, 1990, Houston Rockets vs. Milwaukee Bucks; 18 points, 16 rebounds, 10 assists, 11 blocks.
David Robinson, February 17, 1994, San Antonio Spurs vs. Detroit Pistons; 34 points, 10 rebounds, 10 assists, 10 blocks.

text: 'Only player to ever record two 40+ totals in the same game

text: Wilt Chamberlain (40+ for both points and rebounds, achieved eight times)

text: Only player to average 40+ and 50+ points in a season

text: Wilt Chamberlain

text: Most seasons with 40+ points per game

text: 2 by Wilt Chamberlain

text: Most consecutive seasons with 40+ points per game

text: 2 by Wilt Chamberlain

text: Most seasons with 30+ points per game

text: 8 by Michael Jordan

text: Most consecutive seasons with 30+ points per game

text: 7 by Wilt Chamberlain and Michael Jordan

text: Only player to average 30+ points, 20+ rebounds in a season

text: Wilt Chamberlain (7 times)

text: Most seasons with 30+ points, 20+ rebounds per game

text: 7 by Wilt Chamberlain

text: Most consecutive seasons with 30+ points, 20+ rebounds per game

text: 7 by Wilt Chamberlain

text: Most consecutive seasons with 20+ points, 10+ rebounds

text: 13 by Shaquille O'Neal

text: Most seasons with 20+ rebounds per game

text: 10 by Bill Russell and Wilt Chamberlain

text: Most consecutive seasons with 20+ rebounds per game

text: 10 by Bill Russell and Wilt Chamberlain

text: Only players to average 30+ points and 10+ assists in a season

text:
Oscar Robertson (Cincinnati Royals, 1961–62, 1963–64, 1964–65, 1965–66, 1966–67)
Nate Archibald (Kansas City–Omaha Kings, 1972–73)
Russell Westbrook (Oklahoma City Thunder, 2016–17)

text: Only player to lead the league in scoring and assists in the same season

text: Nate Archibald (Kansas City–Omaha Kings, 1972–73)

text: Most blocks by a guard (career)

text: 893 by Michael Jordan

text: Most blocks by a guard (season)

text: 131 by Michael Jordan in the 1987–88 season

text: Only players to record 200 steals and 100 blocks in the same season

text:
Michael Jordan (Chicago Bulls, 1986–87, 1987–88)
Hakeem Olajuwon (Houston Rockets, 1988–89)
Scottie Pippen (Chicago Bulls, 1989–90)

text: Only players to lead a team in all 5 major statistics in the same season (points, rebounds, assists, steals, blocks)

text:
Dave Cowens (Boston Celtics, 1977–78)
Scottie Pippen (Chicago Bulls, 1994–95)
Kevin Garnett (Minnesota Timberwolves, 2002–03)
LeBron James (Cleveland Cavaliers, 2008–09)
Giannis Antetokounmpo (Milwaukee Bucks, 2016–17)

text: Only players to lead the league in scoring and steals in the same season

text:
Michael Jordan (Chicago Bulls, 1987–88, 1989–90, 1992–93)
Allen Iverson (Philadelphia 76ers, 2000–01, 2001–02)
Stephen Curry (Golden State Warriors, 2015–16)

text: Only players to lead the league in assists and steals in the same season

text:
Don "Slick" Watts (Seattle SuperSonics, 1975–76)
Don Buse (Indiana Pacers, 1976–77)
Micheal Ray Richardson (New York Knicks, 1979–80)
John Stockton (Utah Jazz, 1988–89, 1991–92)
Chris Paul (New Orleans Hornets, 2007–08, 2008–09; Los Angeles Clippers, 2013–14)

text: Only players to lead the league in blocks and rebounding in the same season

text:
Kareem Abdul-Jabbar (Los Angeles Lakers, 1975–76)
Bill Walton (Portland Trail Blazers, 1976–77)
Hakeem Olajuwon (Houston Rockets, 1989–90)
Ben Wallace (Detroit Pistons, 2001–02)
Dwight Howard (Orlando Magic, 2008–09, 2009–10)[57][58]

text: Awards

text: Most regular season NBA MVP Awards

text: 6 by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar

text: Most All-NBA First Team honors

text: 11 by Karl Malone, Kobe Bryant and LeBron James

text: Most All-NBA Team honors

text: 15 by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Tim Duncan and Kobe Bryant

text: Most NBA All-Defensive First Team honors*

text: 9 by Michael Jordan, Gary Payton, Kobe Bryant, and Kevin Garnett

text: Most NBA All-Defensive Team honors*

text: 15 by Tim Duncan

text: Most Defensive Player of the Year awards**

text: 4 by Dikembe Mutombo and Ben Wallace

text: Most Sixth Man of the Year awards

text: 3 by Jamal Crawford

text:
* This award has only been given since the 1968–69 season.
** This award has only been given since the 1982–83 season.


document_title: The Empire Strikes Back

question_text: who played luke skywalker in empire strikes back

question_tokens: who played luke skywalker in empire strikes back

text: The Empire Strikes Back

text: Plot[edit]

text: Three years after the destruction of the Death Star, the Rebel Alliance has been driven from their former base on Yavin IV by the Galactic Empire. The rebels, led by Princess Leia, have set up a new base on the ice planet Hoth. The Imperial fleet, led by Darth Vader, continues to hunt for the Rebels' new base by dispatching probe droids across the galaxy. Luke Skywalker is captured by a wampa while investigating one such probe, but he manages to escape from the wampa's cave with his lightsaber. Before Luke succumbs to the freezing temperatures, the spirit of his late mentor, Obi-Wan Kenobi, instructs him to go to the Dagobah system to train under Jedi Master Yoda. Luke is found by Han Solo, and the duo are eventually rescued by a search party.

tag: p

text: Meanwhile, the probe alerts the Imperial fleet to the rebels' location. The Empire launches a large-scale attack, using AT-AT Walkers to capture the base, which forces the rebels to retreat. Han and Leia escape on the Millennium Falcon with C-3PO and Chewbacca, but the ship's hyperdrive malfunctions. They hide in an asteroid field, where Han and Leia grow closer and eventually kiss. Vader summons bounty hunters to assist in finding the Falcon. Luke, meanwhile, escapes with R2-D2 in his X-wing fighter and crash-lands on the swamp planet Dagobah. He meets a diminutive creature who reveals himself to be Yoda; after conferring with Obi-Wan's spirit, Yoda reluctantly accepts Luke as his student.

text: After evading the Imperial fleet, Han's group travel to the floating Cloud City on the planet of Bespin, which is run by Han's old friend, Lando Calrissian. Unbeknownst to the group, the bounty hunter Boba Fett tracks the Falcon; shortly after their arrival, Lando leads the group into a trap and they are handed over to Darth Vader and Boba Fett. Vader plans to use the group as bait to lure out Luke, intending to capture him alive and take him to Emperor Palpatine. Luke sees a premonition of Han and Leia in pain and, against the wishes of Yoda and Obi-Wan, abandons his training to rescue them.

text: Vader intends to hold Luke in suspended animation via carbon freezing, and selects Han to be frozen as a test subject. Han survives the process and is given to Fett, who intends to deliver Han to Jabba the Hutt. Lando initiates an escape and frees Leia and the others, but they are too late to stop Fett from departing with Han. They fight their way back to the Falcon and flee Cloud City. Meanwhile, Luke arrives at Cloud City and engages with Vader in a lightsaber duel that leads them over the city's central air shaft. Vader severs Luke's right hand, disarming him; when Luke refuses to join Vader against the Emperor, accusing him of murdering his father, Vader reveals that he, in fact, is his father. Horrified by the truth, Luke intentionally falls into the air shaft and is ejected beneath the floating city, where he grabs onto an antenna. He makes a telepathic plea to Leia, who senses it and persuades Lando to return for him in the Falcon. After Luke is brought on board, they are chased by TIE fighters but R2-D2 reactivates the Falcon's hyperdrive, allowing them to escape.

text: Aboard a medical frigate in the Rebel fleet, Luke's severed hand is replaced with a robotic hand. Lando and Chewbacca set off for Tatooine in the Falcon in order to find Jabba the Hutt and save Han. As the Falcon departs, Luke, Leia, R2-D2, and C-3PO gaze out on the galaxy and await word from Lando.

text: Cast[edit]

text:
Mark Hamill as Luke Skywalker: A Jedi in training, who is powerfully connected with the Force.
Harrison Ford as Han Solo: A smuggler and Captain of the Millennium Falcon.
Carrie Fisher as Leia Organa: A leader of the Rebel Alliance, the former Princess of the destroyed planet Alderaan.
Billy Dee Williams as Lando Calrissian: Administrator of Cloud City and an old friend to Han Solo.
Anthony Daniels as C-3PO: A humanoid protocol droid in the Rebel Alliance.
David Prowse as Darth Vader: A warrior of the dark side of the Force and the Emperor's second-in command. The character's voice is provided by James Earl Jones.
Peter Mayhew as Chewbacca: A Wookiee and loyal friend to Han Solo.
Kenny Baker as R2-D2: An astromech droid in the Rebel Alliance and long-time friend to C-3PO. He also portrays a GONK power droid in the background.
Frank Oz as Yoda: The wise, centuries-old Grand Master of the Jedi, who is Luke's self-exiled Jedi Master living on Dagobah. Oz was assisted by several other performers, including Kathryn Mullen, David Barclay, Wendy Froud, Wendy Midener, and Deep Roy.[14]
Jeremy Bulloch as Boba Fett: A bounty hunter, hired by the Galactic Empire. Jason Wingreen provided Fett's voice in the film's original theatrical cut and the 1997 Special Edition. In the 2004 and 2011 special editions, Temuera Morrison, who played Jango Fett in Attack of the Clones and all his clones, replaced Wingreen as Fett's voice. Bulloch also makes a cameo appearance as the Imperial officer who grabs Leia when she tells Luke to avoid Vader's trap with John Morton doubling as Fett in this scene.
Several different actors portray the Emperor: The evil ruler of the Galactic Empire and Darth Vader's powerful Sith Master, who appears via hologram. Clive Revill originally provided the voice of the Emperor, while Marjorie Eaton portrayed the Emperor's physical form,[15][16] filmed under heavy makeup with superimposed chimpanzee eyes.[17][18] Ultimately they were replaced by Ian McDiarmid, who portrayed the character in later films, for the 2004 Special Edition and subsequent releases.[19][20]
Alec Guinness appears briefly as Obi-Wan Kenobi's Force-ghost: Luke's deceased mentor, who guides him to Yoda.

text: Denis Lawson reprises his role as Wedge Antilles from the first film. John Hollis plays 'Lobot', Lando's personal aide. Julian Glover appears as General Veers, a general who leads the Empire in the battle of Hoth; Kenneth Colley portrays Admiral Piett, the Empire's top admiral; Michael Sheard as Admiral Ozzel, Vader's previous admiral; Michael Culver appears as Captain Needa, one of the Empire's captains who failed to catch the Millennium Falcon; John Ratzenberger portrays Major Derlin, one of the officers who led the rebels in the battle of Hoth; Bruce Boa appears as General Rieekan, Princess Leia's military advisor on Hoth; Christopher Malcolm plays Rebel snowspeeder pilot Zev Senesca, who finds Skywalker and Solo on the surface of Hoth; and John Morton portrays Dak, Luke's gunner in the battle of Hoth who was killed by an AT-AT. Richard Oldfield is Rebel pilot Hobbie Klivian.

text: Morris Bush portrays the bounty hunter Dengar, Alan Harris portrays the bounty hunter Bossk and Chris Parsons portrays the robotic bounty hunter 4-LOM.

text: Production[edit]

text: Development[edit]

text: George Lucas' 1977 film Star Wars exceeded all expectations in terms of profit, had a revolutionary effect on the film industry, and had an unexpected resonance as a cultural phenomenon. Lucas hoped to become independent from the Hollywood film industry, choosing to finance The Empire Strikes Back himself with $33 million from loans and the previous film's earnings, going against the principles of many Hollywood producers never to invest one's own money.[21] Now fully in command of his Star Wars enterprise, Lucas chose not to direct The Empire Strikes Back because of his other production roles, including overseeing his special effects company Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) and handling of the financing. Lucas offered the role of director to Irvin Kershner, one of his former professors at the USC School of Cinematic Arts.[22]

text: Kershner was known for smaller-scale, character-driven films, but had more recently directed the true-life drama Raid on Entebbe (1977) and the thriller Eyes of Laura Mars (1978). Kershner initially turned Lucas down, citing his belief that a sequel would never meet the quality or originality of Star Wars. He called his agent, who immediately demanded that he take the job.[21]

text: Writing[edit]

text: Lucas hired science fiction author Leigh Brackett to write Star Wars II with him.[21] They held story conferences and, by late November 1977, Lucas had produced a handwritten treatment called The Empire Strikes Back. The treatment is similar to the final film, except that Darth Vader does not reveal he is Luke's father. In the first draft that Brackett would write from this, Luke's father appears as a ghost to instruct Luke.[23]

text: Brackett finished her first draft in early 1978; Lucas has said he was disappointed with it, but before he could discuss it with her, she died of cancer.[24] With no writer available, Lucas had to write his next draft himself. It was this draft in which Lucas first made use of the "Episode" numbering for the films; Empire Strikes Back was listed as Episode II.[25] As Michael Kaminski argues in The Secret History of Star Wars, the disappointment with the first draft probably made Lucas consider different directions in which to take the story.[26] He made use of a new plot twist: Darth Vader claims to be Luke's father. According to Lucas, he found this draft enjoyable to write, as opposed to the yearlong struggles writing the first film, and quickly wrote two more drafts,[27] both in April 1978. He also took the script to a darker extreme by having Han Solo encased in carbonite and left in limbo.[28]

text: This new story point of Darth Vader being Luke's father had drastic effects on the series. Michael Kaminski argues in his book that it is unlikely that the plot point had ever seriously been considered or even conceived before 1978, and that the first film was clearly operating under an alternate storyline where Vader was separate from Luke's father;[29] there is not a single reference to this plot point before 1978. After writing the second and third drafts of Empire Strikes Back in which the point was introduced, Lucas reviewed the new backstory he had created: Anakin Skywalker was Ben Kenobi's brilliant student and had a child named Luke, but was swayed to the dark side by The Emperor (who was really a Sith Lord and not simply just a politician). Anakin battled Ben Kenobi on the site of a volcano and was wounded, but then resurrected as Darth Vader. Meanwhile, Kenobi hid Luke on Tatooine while the Republic became the Empire and Vader systematically hunted down the Jedi.[30]

text: With this new backstory in place, Lucas decided that the series would be a trilogy, changing Empire Strikes Back from Episode II to Episode V in the next draft.[27] Lawrence Kasdan had just completed writing Raiders of the Lost Ark, and the screenplay impressed Lucas,[31] who hired him to write the next drafts with additional input from director Irvin Kershner. Kasdan, Kershner, and producer Gary Kurtz saw the film as a more serious and adult film, which was helped by the new, darker storyline, and developed the series from the light adventure roots of the first film.[32]

text: Effects[edit]

text: After the release of Star Wars, ILM grew from being a struggling company and moved to Marin County, California.[21] The Empire Strikes Back provided the company with new challenges. Whereas Star Wars mostly featured space sequences, The Empire Strikes Back featured not only space dogfights but also an ice planet battle opening sequence and elements of cities that floated among the clouds. For the battle scenes on the ice planet Hoth, the initial intent was to use bluescreen to composite the Imperial walkers into still-shots from the original set. Instead, an artist (Michael Pangrazio) was hired to paint landscapes, resulting in the Imperial walkers being shot using stop motion animation in front of the landscape paintings.[21] The original designs for the AT-ATs were, according to Phil Tippett, "big armored vehicles with wheels". Many believe the finished design was inspired by the Port of Oakland container cranes, but Lucas denied this.[33]

text: In designing the Jedi Master Yoda, Stuart Freeborn used his own face as a model and added the wrinkles of Albert Einstein for the appearance of exceptional intelligence.[34] Sets for Dagobah were built five feet above the stage floor, allowing puppeteers to crawl underneath and hold up the Yoda puppet. The setup presented communication problems for Frank Oz, who portrayed Yoda, as he was underneath the stage and unable to hear the crew and Mark Hamill above.[35] Hamill later expressed his dismay at being the only human character on set for months; he felt like a trivial element on a set of animals, machines, and moving props. Kershner commended Hamill for his performance with the puppet.[21][36]

text: Filming[edit]

text: Filming began in Norway, at the Hardangerjøkulen glacier near the town of Finse, on March 5, 1979. Like the filming of Star Wars, where the production in Tunisia coincided with the area's first major rainstorm in fifty years, the weather was against the film crew. While filming in Norway, they encountered the worst winter storm in fifty years. Temperatures dropped to −20 °F (−29 °C), and 18 feet (5.5 m) of snow fell.[21] On one occasion, the crew were unable to exit their hotel. They achieved a shot involving Luke's exit of the Wampa cave by opening the hotel's doors and filming Mark Hamill running out into the snow while the crew remained warm inside.[21] Mark Hamill's face was scarred in a motor accident that occurred between filming of Star Wars and The Empire Strikes Back. Despite reports to the contrary, the scene in which Luke is knocked unconscious by the Wampa was not added specifically to explain this change to Hamill's face. Lucas admitted that the scene "helped" the situation, though he felt that Luke's time fighting in the rebellion was sufficient explanation.[36]

text: The production then moved to Elstree Studios in London on March 13,[31] where over 60 sets were built, more than double the number used in the previous film.[21] A fire in January on Stage 3 (during filming of Stanley Kubrick's The Shining) forced the budget to be increased from $18.5 million to $22 million, and by July the budget increased $3 million more. Filming finished by mid-September.[31]

text: One memorable exchange of dialogue was partially ad-libbed. Originally a scene in which Princess Leia professed her love to Han Solo, with Han replying "I love you too." Harrison Ford felt the characterization was not being used effectively, and Kershner agreed. After several takes, the director told the actor to improvise on the spot, and Ford changed Solo's line to "I know."[21]

text: During production, great secrecy surrounded the fact that Darth Vader was Luke's father. The film includes a brief image of Vader with his mask off, facing away from the camera. For the original viewers of the film, this scene made it clear that Vader is not a droid.[36]

text: Like the rest of the crew, Prowse—who spoke all of Vader's lines during filming—was given a false page that contained dialogue with the revelatory line being "Obi-Wan killed your father."[21][37][38] Hamill was informed just moments before cameras rolled on his close-up,[39] and did not tell anyone, including his wife; according to Hamill, Ford did not learn the truth until he watched the film.[40]

text: To preserve the dramatic opening sequences of his films, Lucas wanted the screen credits to come at the end of the films. While this practice has become more common over the years, this was a highly unusual choice at the time. The Writers and Directors Guilds of America had no problem allowing it on Star Wars, back in 1977, because the writer-director credit (George Lucas) matched the company name, but when Lucas did the same thing for the sequel it became an issue because Lucas had his last name on the start of the film (Lucasfilm), while the director and the writers had theirs on the end. They fined him over $250,000 and attempted to pull Empire out of theaters. The DGA also attacked Kershner; to protect his director, Lucas paid all the fines to the guilds. Due to the controversy, he left the Directors and Writers Guilds, and the Motion Picture Association.[21]

text: The initial production budget of $18 million[5] was 50 percent more than that of the original. After the various increases in budget, The Empire Strikes Back became one of the most expensive films of its day and after the bank threatened to call in his loan, Lucas was forced to approach 20th Century Fox. Lucas made a deal with the studio to secure the loan in exchange for paying the studio more money, but without the loss of his sequel and merchandising rights. After the film's box office success, unhappiness at the studio over the deal's generosity to Lucas caused studio president Alan Ladd, Jr. to quit. The departure of his longtime ally caused Lucas to take Raiders of the Lost Ark to Paramount Pictures.[21]

text: Themes[edit]

text: Like its predecessor, The Empire Strikes Back draws from several mythological stories and world religions. It also includes elements of 1930s film serials such as Flash Gordon, a childhood favorite of Lucas', that similarly featured a city afloat in the sky.[41][42]

text: Releases[edit]

text: The world premiere of The Empire Strikes Back was held on May 17, 1980, at the Kennedy Center in Washington, D.C. (as a special Children's World Premiere event). The film had a Royal Charity Premiere in London at the Odeon Cinema in Leicester Square on May 20. The special event was dubbed "Empire Day", a playful take the British Commonwealth Day holiday (known as Empire Day prior to 1958), where legions of stormtroopers were unleashed across the city.[43] A series of other charity benefit premieres were held in numerous locations on May 19 and 20. The film went on to official general release in North America and the U.K. on May 21, 1980. The first wave of release included 126 70 mm prints, before a wider release in June 1980 (which were mostly 35 mm prints).[44] During the initial theatrical run in Europe and Australia, the short film Black Angel by Star Wars art director Roger Christian was shown before the feature.[45]

text: Though the film was simply titled The Empire Strikes Back in its original promotional materials, the film still started with the title Star Wars on-screen which was followed by the opening crawl that gave the film's subtitle as Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back, causing some surprise among cinema goers at the time as the original Star Wars film had not been given an episode number or subtitle for its first release in 1977.[46] However, Episode IV: A New Hope was added to its opening crawl from its 1981 re-release onwards. Like A New Hope, The Empire Strikes Back was rated PG by the Motion Picture Association of America, and certificate U in the United Kingdom. This original version was released on CED in 1984[47][48] and on VHS and Laserdisc several times during the 1980s and 1990s.[citation needed]

text: Special Edition[edit]

text: As part of Star Wars's 20th anniversary celebration in 1997, The Empire Strikes Back was digitally remastered and re-released along with Star Wars and Return of the Jedi under the title Star Wars Trilogy: Special Edition. Lucas took this opportunity to make several minor changes to the film. These included explicitly showing the Wampa creature on Hoth in full form, creating a more complex flight path for the Falcon as it approaches Cloud City, digitally replacing some of the interior walls of Cloud City with vistas of Bespin, and replacing certain lines of dialogue. A short sequence was also added depicting Vader's return to his Super Star Destroyer after dueling with Luke, created from alternate angles of a scene from Return of the Jedi. Most of the changes were small and aesthetic; however, some fans believe that they detract from the film.[19]

text: The film was also resubmitted to the MPAA for rating; it was again rated PG, but under the Association's new description nomenclature, the reason given was for "sci-fi action/violence".[49] This version of the film runs 127 minutes.

text: Home media[edit]

text: The Empire Strikes Back was released on DVD in September 2004, bundled in a box set with A New Hope, Return of the Jedi, and a bonus disc of extra features. The films were digitally restored and remastered, with additional changes made by George Lucas.[19] The bonus features include a commentary by George Lucas, Irvin Kershner, Ben Burtt, Dennis Muren, and Carrie Fisher, as well as an extensive documentary called Empire of Dreams: The Story of the Star Wars Trilogy. Also included are featurettes, teasers, trailers, TV spots, still galleries, video game demos, and a preview of Revenge of the Sith.

text: For the DVD release, Lucas and his team made changes that were mostly implemented to ensure continuity between The Empire Strikes Back and the recently released prequel trilogy films. The most noticeable of these changes was replacing the stand-in used in the holographic image of the Emperor (with Clive Revill providing the voice) with actor Ian McDiarmid providing some slightly altered dialogue. With this release, Lucas also supervised the creation of a high-definition digital print of The Empire Strikes Back and the original trilogy's other films. It was reissued in December 2005 as part of a three-disc "limited edition" boxed set that did not feature the bonus disc.[50]

text: The film was reissued again on a separate two-disc Limited Edition DVD for a brief time from September 12, 2006, to December 31, 2006, this time with the film's original, unaltered version as bonus material. It was also re-released in a trilogy box set on November 4, 2008.[51] There was controversy surrounding the initial release, because the DVDs featured non-anamorphic versions of the original films based on LaserDisc releases from 1993 (as opposed to newly remastered, film-based high definition transfers). Since non-anamorphic transfers fail to make full use of the resolution available on widescreen televisions, many fans were disappointed with this choice.[52]

text: On August 14, 2010, George Lucas announced that all six Star Wars films in their Special Edition form would be released on Blu-ray Disc in Fall 2011.[53] On January 6, 2011, 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment announced the Blu-ray release for September 2011 in three different editions.[54]

text: On April 7, 2015, Walt Disney Studios, 20th Century Fox, and Lucasfilm jointly announced the digital releases of the six released Star Wars films. Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released The Empire Strikes Back through the iTunes Store, Amazon Video, Vudu, Google Play, and Disney Movies Anywhere on April 10, 2015.[55]

text: Reception[edit]

text: Box office[edit]

text: The film grossed $6,415,804 on its opening weekend in limited release on 126 screens. After four weeks on release, it expanded to 824 screens and grossed $10,840,307 for the weekend [5] setting a new weekly record of $20,380,052.[56] Within three months of the release of The Empire Strikes Back, Lucas had recovered his $33 million investment and distributed $5 million in bonuses to employees.[21] It earned $181,379,640 during its first run in the United States and Canada.

text: It was re-released on July 31, 1981 and grossed a further $26,758,774 and again on November 19, 1982 with a gross of $14,535,852 to bring its gross to $222,674,266 [57] and about $450 million worldwide.

text: When The Empire Strikes Back returned to cinemas in 1997, it grossed $21,975,993 on its first weekend of re-release. As of 2007, the film has grossed $290,475,750 domestically and $538,375,067 worldwide.[5] 35 years after the film's initial release, it re-entered the UK box office at number 9 grossing $470,000 from June 4–7, 2015.[58]

text: Critical response[edit]

text: This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2017)

tag: table

text: The Empire Strikes Back received mixed reviews from critics upon its initial release. For example, Vincent Canby of The New York Times wrote a largely negative review of the film.[59] David Denby of New York magazine called the film "a Wagnerian pop movie—grandiose, thrilling, imperiously generous in scale, and also a bit ponderous".[60] Judith Martin of The Washington Post criticized the film's "middle-of-the-story" plot, which she claimed had no particular beginning or end.[61] However, this was a concept that Lucas had intended.[36]

text: On the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, The Empire Strikes Back currently holds a 94% approval rating, based on 87 reviews, with an average rating of 8.9/10.[62] Rotten Tomatoes summarizes: "Dark, sinister, but ultimately even more involving than A New Hope, The Empire Strikes Back defies viewer expectations and takes the series to heightened emotional levels."[62] Bob Stephens of The San Francisco Examiner described The Empire Strikes Back as "the greatest episode of the Star Wars Trilogy" in 1997.[63] In 2016, James Charisma of Playboy ranked the film #3 on a list of 15 Sequels That Are Way Better Than The Originals.[64] Roger Ebert described the film as the strongest and "most thought-provoking" film of the original trilogy.[65]

text: Chuck Klosterman suggested that while "movies like Easy Rider and Saturday Night Fever painted living portraits for generations they represented in the present tense, The Empire Strikes Back might be the only example of a movie that set the social aesthetic for a generation coming in the future."[66]

text: Accolades[edit]

text: At the Academy Awards in 1981, The Empire Strikes Back won the Academy Award for Best Sound Mixing, which was awarded to Bill Varney, Steve Maslow, Greg Landaker, and Peter Sutton.[67] In addition, this film received the Special Achievement Academy Award for Best Visual Effects that was awarded to Brian Johnson, Richard Edlund, Dennis Muren, and Bruce Nicholson. Composer John Williams was also nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Score, and Norman Reynolds, Leslie Dilley, Harry Lange, Alan Tomkins, and Michael Ford were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Production Design.[68]

text: In addition, John Williams was awarded the British Academy Film Award for his compositions: the Anthony Asquith Award for Film Music. The Empire Strikes Back also received British Academy Film Award nominations for Best Sound and Best Production Design.

text: Williams was also nominated for a Grammy Award and a Golden Globe Award for his musical score of the film.[69]

text: The Empire Strikes Back received four Saturn Awards, for Mark Hamill as Best Actor, Irvin Kershner for Best Director, Brian Johnson and Richard Edlund for Best Special Effects, and the Saturn Award for Best Science Fiction Film.

text: The Empire Strikes Back won the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation. The film was nominated for the Writers Guild of America Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.[70]

text: The Empire Strikes Back was awarded the Golden Screen Award in Germany.[71]

text: Legacy[edit]

text: Darth Vader was ranked as the third-greatest film villain of all time in the American Film Institute's 2003 list of the 100 greatest heroes and villains,[72] and Wizard magazine selected the ending of The Empire Strikes Back as the greatest cliffhanger of all time.[73]

text: The line "No, I am your father" is often misquoted as "Luke, I am your father."[74] The line was selected as one of the 400 nominees for the American Film Institute's 100 Years... 100 Movie Quotes, a list of the greatest American film quotes.[75] Yoda's statement to Luke Skywalker, "Try not! Do, or do not. There is no try", was also a nominee for the same list by the AFI.[75]

text: The film was selected in 2010 to be preserved by the Library of Congress as part of its National Film Registry.[76][77] It is unclear whether a copy of the 1980 theatrical version or the 1997 Special Edition has been archived by the NFR, or indeed if any copy has been provided by Lucasfilm and accepted by the Registry.[78][79]

text: In the 2014 Empire Magazine list, "The 301 Greatest Movies of All Time" voted by fans, The Empire Strikes Back was named as the greatest film ever made.[80]

text: American Film Institute lists

text:
AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies – Nominated
AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills – Nominated
AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes and Villains:

Darth Vader – No. 3 Villain

AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes:

"I am your father." – Nominated
"Do, or do not. There is no try." – Nominated

AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) – Nominated

text: Soundtrack[edit]

text: The musical score of The Empire Strikes Back was composed and conducted by John Williams, and it was performed by the London Symphony Orchestra at a cost of about $250,000.[81] In 1980, the company RSO Records published this film's original musical score as both a double LP album and as an 8-track cartridge in the United States. Its front cover artwork features the mask of Darth Vader against a backdrop of outer space,[82] as seen on the advance theatrical poster for the film.

text: In 1985, the first Compact disc (CD) issue of the film score was made by the company Polydor Records, which had absorbed both RSO Records and its music catalog. Polydor Records used a shorter, one compact-disc edition of the music as their master. In 1993, 20th Century Fox Film Scores released a special boxed set of four compact discs: the Star Wars Trilogy: The Original Soundtrack Anthology. This anthology included the film scores of all three members of the original Star Wars Trilogy in separate CDs, even though there was significant overlap between the three (such as the Star Wars theme music).[83]

text: In 1997, the record company RCA Victor released a definitive two-CD set to accompany the publications of all three of the Special Editions of the films of the Star Wars Trilogy. This original limited-edition set of CDs featured a 32-page black booklet that was enclosed within a protective outer slip-case. The covers of the booklet and of the slip-case have selections from the poster art of the Star Wars Trilogy: Special Edition. All of the tracks have been digitally re-mastered supposedly for superior clarity of sound.

text: RCA Victor next re-packaged the Special Edition set later on in 1997, offering it in slim-line jewel case packaging as an unlimited edition, but without the packaging that the original "black booklet" version offered.[84]

text: In 2004, the Sony Classical Records company purchased the sales rights of the original trilogy's musical scores—primarily because it already had the sales rights of the music from the trilogy of prequels: The Phantom Menace, Attack of the Clones, and Revenge of the Sith. Hence in 2004, the Sony Classical company began manufacturing copies of the film-score CDs that RCA Victor had been making since 1997, including the one for The Empire Strikes Back. This set was made with new cover artwork similar to that of the film's first publication on DVD. Despite the digital re-mastering by Sony Classical, their CD version made and sold since 2004 is essentially the same as the version by RCA Victor.[85]

text: Other media[edit]

text: Novelization[edit]

text: A novelization of the film was released on April 12, 1980, and published by the company Del Rey Books. The novelization was written by Donald F. Glut, and it was based on the screenplay by Lawrence Kasdan, Leigh Brackett, and George Lucas.[86]

text: This novelization was originally published as Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back. However, the later editions have been renamed Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back to conform with the change in the titles of the Star Wars saga. Like the other novelizations of the Star Wars Trilogy, background information is added to explain the happenings of the story beyond that which is depicted on-screen.[citation needed]

text: Comic book adaptation[edit]

text: Marvel Comics published a comic book adaptation of The Empire Strikes Back which was written by Archie Goodwin and illustrated by Al Williamson and Carlos Garzon. It was published simultaneously in four formats: as a magazine (Marvel Super Special #16),[87] an oversized tabloid edition (Marvel Special Edition Featuring Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back),[88] as part of a serialized comic book series, and as a paperback pocket book.[89] In the paperback and tabloid versions, which were published first and for which early concept designs were the only available art reference, Yoda was given a quite different appearance than in the films: Yoda is thinner, he has long white hair, and he has purple skin, rather than green skin. For the magazine and serialized comic book editions, there was enough time for the artwork featuring Yoda to be revised extensively, and his appearance was changed to match that in the film.

text: Comic book historians and industry professionals have remarked that Marvel's Star Wars comics published in the years before The Empire Strikes Back include plot points similar to those later used in the film. However, the film's makers have not acknowledged receiving any inspiration from the comic books.[90]

text: Book-and-record set[edit]

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text: Lucasfilm adapted the story for a children's book-and-record set. Released in 1980, the 24-page Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back read-along book was accompanied by a 33⅓ rpm 7-inch gramophone record. Each page of the book contained a cropped frame from the film with an abridged and condensed version of the story. The record was produced by Buena Vista Records.

text: Video games[edit]

text: Video games based on the film have been released on several consoles. Additionally, several Star Wars video games feature or mention key events seen in the film, but are not entirely based upon the film. In 1982 Parker Brothers released Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back for the Atari 2600 games console, which featured the speeder attack on the AT-ATs on Hoth.[91] The arcade game Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back followed in 1985. The game features familiar battle sequences and characters played from a first-person perspective. Specific battles include the Battle of Hoth and the subsequent escape of the Millennium Falcon through an asteroid field.[92] A conversion was released in 1988 for the ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC, Commodore 64, BBC Micro, Atari ST, and Commodore Amiga.[93]

text: In 1992, JVC released the LucasArts-developed video game also titled Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) console.[94] The player assumes the role of Luke Skywalker and maneuvers through Skywalker's story as seen in the film. In 1992, Ubisoft released a version for the Game Boy. Like its previous incarnation, it follows the story of Luke Skywalker.[95] Super Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back was developed for the console Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES) by LucasArts and was released by JVC in 1993. The SNES game is similar in spots to the 1991 NES release, and is on a 12-megabit cartridge.[96]

text: Radio adaptation[edit]

text: A radio play adaptation of The Empire Strikes Back was written by Brian Daley, and was produced for and broadcast on the National Public Radio network in the U.S. during 1983. It was based on characters and situations created by George Lucas, and on the screenplay by Leigh Brackett and Lawrence Kasdan. Its director was John Madden, with sound mixing and post-production work done by Tom Voegeli.[97]

text: Mark Hamill, Billy Dee Williams, and Anthony Daniels reprised their roles as Luke Skywalker, Lando Calrissian, and C-3PO respectively, with John Lithgow voicing Yoda. This radio play was designed to last for five hours of radio time, usually presented in more than one part.[98] Radio agencies estimate that about 750,000 people tuned in to listen to this series radio play beginning on February 14, 1983.[99] In terms of the canonical Star Wars story, this radio drama has been given the highest designation, G-canon.[100][101]