document_title: Tybee Island, Georgia

question_text: where did the name tybee island come from

text: Tybee Island, Georgia

text: History[edit]

text: Native Americans, using dugout canoes to navigate the waterways, hunted and camped in Georgia's coastal islands for thousands of years. The Euchee tribe likely inhabited the island in the years preceding the arrival of the first Spanish explorers in the area in the 16th century. Tybee is the Euchee word for "salt".

text: In 1520, the Spanish laid claim to what is now Tybee Island and named it Los Bajos. It was at the northern end of the Guale missionary province of Spanish Florida. During that time the island was frequented by pirates who used the island to hide from those who pursued them. Pirates later used the island's inland waterways for a fresh water source. After the founding of South Carolina in 1670, warfare increased between the English and their pirate allies and the Spanish and their Native American allies. In 1702, James Moore of South Carolina led an invasion of Spanish Florida with an Indian army and a fleet of militia-manned ships. The invasion failed to take the capital of Florida, St. Augustine, but did destroy the Guale and Mocama missionary provinces. After another invasion of Spanish Florida by South Carolina in 1704, the Spanish retreated to St. Augustine and Pensacola; the Sea Islands were depopulated, allowing the establishment of new English settlements such as the colony of Georgia.

text: Lighthouse[edit]

text: Tybee Island's strategic position near the mouth of the Savannah River has made the island's northern tip the ideal location for a lighthouse since Georgia's early settlement period. First built in 1736, the lighthouse was made of brick and wood, and stood 90 feet (27 m) tall, making it the highest structure in America at that time. The original lighthouse has been replaced several times. The second lighthouse was built in 1742 when beach erosion threatened the first. Part of the third lighthouse at the site, built in 1773, still stands as the bottom 60 feet (18 m) of the present lighthouse. The top 94 feet (29 m) of the current lighthouse were added in 1867.[6]

text: Today, the Tybee Lighthouse is a popular tourist destination, having all of its support buildings on the 5-acre (20,000 m2) site historically preserved. The current black-and-white tower markings are a reversion to its fourth day mark, first used in 1916. The Tybee Island Light Station is one of just a handful of 18th-century lighthouses still in operation in North America.

text: Civil War[edit]

text: During the Civil War, the Union Army placed siege batteries along the north coast of Tybee Island that aided in their successful bombardment and capture of Fort Pulaski on April 10–11, 1862. This was the first significant use of rifled cannons against masonry fortifications and demonstrated that masonry fortifications were obsolete. Recently, the City of Tybee Island has taken action to commemorate Tybee's historic significance in the Civil War. In 2005, the city obtained a federal grant to acquire two tracts of land where Union soldiers launched their attack against Fort Pulaski.[7]

text: Fort Screven historic district[edit]

text: Fort Screven was first commissioned in 1899 and was named for Brigadier General James Screven, a Revolutionary War hero who was killed in action near Midway, Georgia, in 1778. The fort served as a valuable part of coastal defense until it was decommissioned in 1947. Fort Screven is most notable for one of its former commanding officers, General of the Army George C. Marshall, later the architect of the Marshall Plan that helped rebuild Western Europe after World War II. Very little remains of the original fort due to redevelopment of the area for housing. One of the most important remaining structures is the Tybee Post Theater which was constructed in 1930. It was one of the first theaters in Georgia to have sound features and was the highlight of recreational activities for the fort. Other remaining buildings include the recently restored guard house, the bakery (now a private home), and barracks (now apartments). The ruins of the beach fortifications are also extant, and of the six original batteries, Battery Garland (built in 1899) is accessible to the public. Battery Garland houses the Tybee Museum, and several cannon and other military hardware are on display. Another remaining area is Officer's Row, an impressive group of original homes that have a sweeping ocean view. One of these homes is now a bed and breakfast.

text: Resort period[edit]

text: During the late 19th century, at the height of the Industrial Revolution, residents in large, polluted cities frequently sought out remote beaches for summertime getaways. Clear, saltwater breezes were thought to be remedies for numerous ailments, including asthma and certain allergies.[8] Steamships began carrying patients and tourists to Tybee Island just after the Civil War.[9] In 1887, the Central of Georgia Railway completed a line to Tybee Island, opening the island to a wave of summer tourists.[9] The railroad built the Tybrisa Pavilion in 1891, and by the end of the decade, several hundred summer cottages dotted the island.[9]

text: In the 1920s, U.S. Route 80 was completed, connecting Tybee Island via road with the mainland. The Tybrisa Pavilion became a popular stop for big band tours, and development pushed toward the island's southern tip. By 1940, the island had four hotels, including the Desoto Hotel and Hotel Tybee, and numerous smaller lodges. The Tybrisa Pavilion burned in 1967, and was replaced by the Tybee Pier and Pavilion in 1996.[10]

text: Cecil B. Day opened the first Days Inn on Tybee Island in 1970.[11]

text: Tybee Bomb[edit]

text: On February 5, 1958, a U.S. Air Force B-47 Stratojet from Homestead Air Force Base, Florida, jettisoned a nuclear weapon (specifically, a Mark 15 hydrogen bomb) off the coast of Tybee Island while conducting training exercises with a USAF F-86 Sabrejet. Both aircraft collided, with the pilot of the fighter ejecting and the crew of the bomber making an emergency landing at nearby Hunter Air Force Base. The lost weapon, known popularly as the "Tybee Bomb", remained a security concern for several years, although the Air Force claims the bomb lacks a nuclear capsule and does not pose a serious threat.[12] In 2004, retired United States Air force Lieutenant Colonel Derek Duke took part in a private search for the bomb. According to an article in the Savannah Morning News, Duke concluded that there were "high levels of radiation and unusual magnetometer readings" at a specific point in Wassaw Sound, just off the Tybee coast.[13] Duke concluded, from these readings, that the bomb might be present "at a point just off the southern tip of Little Tybee,"[13] an undeveloped barrier island near Tybee Island. In response, the Air Force launched a nine-month search for the Tybee bomb in 2004. The search team specifically investigated the area of Wassaw Sound in which Duke had located high radiation levels. The Air Force reported to the media in 2005 that the source of the high radiation is likely to be monazite, a mineral which is naturally high in radiation. The Savannah Morning News headline ran "Duke Found Dirt".[13]

text: Shark attacks[edit]

text: On June 15, 2016, the Tybee city council voted 4-1 to withhold shark attack numbers where the attacks did not result in loss of life. According to an article in the "Savannah Morning News", the vote was a direct result of pressure from local businesses which had seen a decline in tourism due to recent reported shark activity.[14]

text: Geography[edit]

text: Tybee Island is located at 32°0′24″N 80°50′58″W / 32.00667°N 80.84944°W / 32.00667; -80.84944 (32.006672, -80.849374).[15] The island is the northeastern-most of Georgia's Sea Islands, which comprise the outer section of the state's Lower Coastal Plain region. Like the other Sea Islands, Tybee consists of a sandy beach on its eastern shore and a tidal salt marsh on its western shore. The interior consists of a maritime forest (the density of which has been reduced by development) and freshwater sloughs.[16]

text: The Savannah River empties into the Atlantic Ocean just north of Tybee Island, placing the island in a historically strategic location. To the west, the marsh-lined Lazaretto Creek splits the island off from McQueens Island (the 2-mile (3 km) stretch between the main western shore of Tybee Island and Lazaretto Creek is mostly marshland). Tybee Creek flows along the south shore of Tybee Island and joins the Atlantic at the island's southeastern tip. Little Tybee Island, which consists mostly of protected wetlands, lies across Tybee Creek to the southwest. The size of the sandy beach at the southern tip of Tybee Island varies considerably in response to tidal changes.

text: According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.2 miles (8.3 km). Of this, 3.7 miles (6.0 km) is land and 1.4 miles (2.3 km), or 27.2%, is water.[4] The entire island (as distinguished from the city of the same name) has a land area of 21.871 square miles (56.65 km2).[citation needed]

text: Demographics[edit]

text:
Historical population

Census
Pop.

%±

1900
381

—

1910
786

106.3%

1920
117

−85.1%

1930
202

72.6%

1940
644

218.8%

1950
1,036

60.9%

1960
1,385

33.7%

1970
1,786

29.0%

1980
2,240

25.4%

1990
2,842

26.9%

2000
3,392

19.4%

2010
2,990

−11.9%

Est. 2016
3,113
[1]
4.1%

U.S. Decennial Census[17]

text: As of the census[2] of 2010, there were 2,990 people, 1,360 households, and 772 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,107/sq mi (428/km2). There were 3,366 housing units at an average density of 1,247/sq mi (481/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 93.5% White, 3.1% African American, 0.5% Native American, 1.2% Asian, 0.5% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.5% of the population.

text: There were 1,360 households out of which 12.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.5% were married couples living together, 6.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.2% were non-families. 32.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.11 and the average family size was 2.65.

text: In the city, the population was spread out with 11.9% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 18.0% from 25 to 44, 41.3% from 45 to 64, and 22.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 53.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.7 males.

text: The median income for a household in the city was $53,732, and the median income for a family was $67,202. Males had a median income of $41,974 versus $43,382 for females. The per capita income for the city was $35,109. About 1.5% of families and 4.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.9% of those age 65 or over.

text: Events[edit]

text: Every year since 1987, Tybee Island has had an annual Beach Bum parade, traditionally held in May the weekend before Memorial Day weekend. The parade route comes down the main road in Tybee, Butler Avenue, and when parade floats come by onlookers have been known to shoot each other with water-guns.[18]

text: Tybee Pirate Fest, which began in 2005, is typically held the weekend prior to Columbus Day.[19]

text: Education[edit]

text: Tybee Island is part of the Chatham County School District. Dr. Thomas Lockamy is the Superintendent of Schools.[20]

text: For the 2009 to 2010 school year, there were approximately 34,668 students in the district.[21]

text: There is also a public charter school on the island.[22]

text: Photo gallery[edit]

text:
Sunrise from the Tybee Pier

Fort Screven and the North Beach, viewed from the Tybee Lighthouse

Tybee Pier and Pavilion

Tybrisa Street

Tybee Island Pier in Savannah, Georgia

The south tip of Tybee Island at low tide

Lazaretto Marsh, off the western shore of Tybee Island

Sunrise over north beach

Entrance to The Crab Shack, a popular spot on Tybee Island


question_text: who is the chairman of scheduled caste commission

root

text: History[edit]

text: Commission for SCs and STs[edit]

text: The first Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes was set up in August 1978 with Bhola Paswan Shastri as Chairman and other four Members. In 1990 the Commission for SCs and STs was renamed as the National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes were formed as per 1987[2] and it was set up as a National Level Advisory Body to advise the Government on broad policy issues and levels of development of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.

tag: p

text: The first Commission was constituted in 1992 with S. H. Ramdhan as Chairman.

text: The second Commission was constituted in October 1995 with H. Hanumanthappa as chairman.

text: The third Commission was constituted in December 1998 with Dileep Singh Bhuria as the Chairman.

text: The fourth Commission was constituted in March 2002 with Dr. Bizay Sonkar Shastri as the Chairperson.

text: Consequent upon the Constitution (Eighty-Ninth Amendment) Act, 2003 the erstwhile National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes has been replaced by

text: (1) National Commission for Scheduled Castes and

text: (2) National Commission for Scheduled Tribes.

text: NCSC[edit]

text: The first NCSC was constituted on 2004 with Suraj Bhan as the Chairperson. The second was constituted on May 2007 (chairperson: Buta Singh); the third from October 2010 (P. L. Punia); and the fourth from 2013, also with Punia as chairperson. The fifth NCSC began work in 2017 under chairmanship of Ram Shankar Katheria.[3]

text: Functions[edit]

text: The following are the functions of the commission:[4]

text:
To investigate and monitor all matters relating to the safeguards provided for the Scheduled Castes under this Constitution or under any other law for the time being in force or under any order of the Government and to evaluate the working of such safeguards;
To inquire into specific complaints with respect to the deprivation of rights and safeguards of the Scheduled Castes;
To participate and advise on the planning process of socio-economic development of the Scheduled Castes and to evaluate the progress of their development under the Union and any State;
To present to the President, annually and at such other times as the Commission may deem fit, reports upon the working of those safeguards;
To make in such reports recommendations as to the measures that should be taken by the Union or any State for the effective implementation of those safeguards and other measures for the protection, welfare and socio-economic development of the Scheduled Castes; and
To discharge such other functions in relation to the protection, welfare and development and advancement of the Scheduled Castes as the President may, subject to the provisions of any law made by Parliament, by rule specify.[5]

tag: ul


document_title: The Boss Baby

question_text: what is the name of the baby in boss baby

text: The Boss Baby

text: Plot

text: A man named Tim Templeton tells a story about his 7-year-old self and his parents, Ted and Janice. One day, Tim is surprised when an infant wearing a business suit arrives at his house in a taxi, and Ted and Janice call him Tim's little brother. Tim is envious of the attention the baby receives, not to mention suspicious when the infant acts odd around him.

text: Soon, Tim learns that the baby can talk like an adult, and he introduces himself as "The Boss". Seeing an opportunity to be rid of him, Tim decides to record a conversation between the Boss Baby and other toddlers who are at Tim's house for a meeting. The Boss Baby and the other infants catch Tim with the recording, and the cassette tape is terminated after the Boss Baby threatens to tear up Tim's favorite stuffed animal, Lam-Lam. With no evidence to support him, Tim's parents ground him for three weeks.

text: The Boss Baby apologizes to Tim and has him suck on a pacifier that transports them to Baby Corp., a place where infants with adult-like minds work to preserve infant love everywhere. The Boss Baby explains that he was sent to see why puppies are being loved more than infants. He has infiltrated Tim's residence because his parents work for Puppy Co., which will unleash a new puppy on pet convention in Las Vegas. The Boss Baby stays intelligent by drinking a "Secret Baby Formula" that enables a baby to act like an adult. However, if a baby does not drink it after a period of time, he or she becomes a regular baby. When they overhear Boss Baby's boss threaten to fire him for not bringing in information, which would strip him of his formula and strand him at the Templetons, he and Tim agree to work together to prevent that.

text: Tim's parents lift the grounding and take them to Puppy Co. for take your child to work day. While there, they slip away and find what they think is the plans for a "Forever Puppy", but they are captured by the company's founder and CEO, Francis E. Francis. They discover that Francis used to be the head of Baby Corp. and Boss Baby's idol, but was fired when it was discovered that his lactose intolerance kept the secret formula from working properly. Francis intends to have the Forever Puppies overshadow babies by stealing Boss Baby's serum bottle and infecting the puppies with it. Tim's parents go with Francis to Las Vegas, and Francis has his brother Eugene pose as Tim and Boss Baby's babysitter to keep them from interfering.

text: Without a steady flow of formula to keep his intelligence in check, Boss Baby starts becoming a normal baby. Despite this, he and Tim evade the "babysitter" long enough to reach the airport but are too late to intercept Tim's parents. They sneak on to another plane bound for Las Vegas. There, they stall Francis' presentation when Eugene unwittingly gives away their plan. Furious at their interference, Francis locks Tim's parents up so he can burn them with exhaust from a rocket used to launch the Forever Puppies. Tim and Boss Baby defeat Eugene and move on to save their parents but are intercepted by Francis. Tim and Boss Baby push him off a ledge, making Francis tumble into the formula. Boss Baby opens the rocket to let the puppies out so they can save Tim's parents. His return to baby state is complete while on the rocket, but the baby starts crying and Tim sings to him with the family song to show his appreciation, causing him to jump off the rocket before it launches. After the rocket does launch, Francis tries to attack Boss Baby, but is picked up by Eugene and tells Tim that "This time we'll raise him right".

text: Boss Baby is promoted and leaves. Tim goes back to being an only child, but he and Boss Baby miss each other. After Tim writes a letter convincing him to live with him as his brother, Boss Baby returns to the Templeton family as a regular baby named Theodore Lindsey "Ted" Templeton.

text: Back in the present, Tim is now an adult and the father of two daughters, one of whom acts like Ted did when he was Boss Baby.

text: Voice cast

text:
Alec Baldwin as Theodore Templeton / Boss Baby, a baby with the mind of an adult[4]
Miles Bakshi as Timothy "Tim" Templeton[8] Boss Baby's 7-year-old brother[9][10]

Tobey Maguire as an adult Tim, the narrator[11]

Steve Buscemi as Francis E. Francis, the CEO of Puppy Co and the former CEO of BabyCorp and Boss Baby's arch-nemesis[9]
Jimmy Kimmel as Ted Templeton, Janice's husband and Tim's father[9]
Lisa Kudrow as Janice Templeton, Ted's wife and Tim's mother[9]
Conrad Vernon as Eugene Francis, Francis E. Francis' brother and minion
James McGrath as Wizzie, Tim's Gandalf-esque alarm clock
David Soren as Jimbo
Nina Zoe Bakshi as Tim's Daughter, Girl, Little Girl
Tom McGrath as TV Chef
Walt Dohrn as Photographer
James Ryan as Story Bear
Eric Bell Jr. as Triplets
ViviAnn Yee as Staci
Edie Mirman as The Big Boss Baby, Boss Baby's big boss
James McGrath and James Izzo as Elvis impersonators

text: Production

text: Upon reading the original book on which the film is based McGrath felt a connection to it, as he had an older brother and felt like "the boss baby of the family".[12] In keeping with that theme he stated, in an interview with Den of Geek, that "My personal goal with this was to watch this movie with my brother, and to see how it affected him!", which resulted in McGrath's brothers being moved to tears by the completed film.[13]

text: The look of the film was inspired by design techniques popularized by in the 1960s,[14] as well as animated films from both 60s and 50s.[12] This was due to McGrath's belief that contemporary animated films focused too much on realism. To help his staff McGrath would play the opening scene of Lady and the Tramp for new hires specifically noting that the film "should be easy on the eyes and really lead your eye to what’s important in the shot.[14]

text: In September 2014, Alec Baldwin and Kevin Spacey joined the cast of the film,[4] with further casting news announced in June 2016, including Steve Buscemi replacing Spacey.[15]

text: Miles Bakshi, son of the DreamWorks Animation's producer Gina Shay and grandson of the film director Ralph Bakshi, provided the voice of 7-year old Tim. He was 10 when he began recording the voice. During the long process, his voice started to change and "by the end it got pretty tough", according to Bakshi, who was 14 when the film was released. He had to get his voice "very soft, but when I got that perfect tone it was great." Having been often present at DreamWorks, McGrath initially asked him only to provide a temporary voice for Tim to see if the character "worked". They still had to listen to between 30 and 40 children to choose the scratch voice. McGrath explained their decision: "No one sounded as authentic as Miles did. A lot of child actors are great, but they are over-articulate for their age. Miles was just natural and charming. He had a little slur to his voice at the time and it was very endearing." Three years later, Miles was told that he got the part.[16]

text: Music

text: The film was scored by Hans Zimmer, along with Steve Mazzaro and various artists. The film's soundtrack was released on Back Lot Music & iTunes. "Blackbird" by The Beatles is used as part of the plot at various points throughout the film.[17] "My House" by Flo Rida is also used in the trailer for the film.

text: Release

text: The Boss Baby was initially scheduled for release on March 18, 2016,[18] but was later pushed back to March 31, 2017.[19] The film premiered at the Miami Film Festival on March 12, 2017,[20][21] and was released in the United States on March 31, 2017, by 20th Century Fox.[5]

text: Home media

text: The Boss Baby was released on Digital HD on July 4, 2017, and was released on DVD, Blu-ray, Blu-ray 3D and Ultra HD Blu-ray on July 25, 2017 by 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment. The releases also include a new short film, The Boss Baby and Tim's Treasure Hunt Through Time.[22]

text: Reception

text: Box office

text: The Boss Baby grossed $175 million in the United States and Canada and $352.9 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $527.9 million.[3]

text: In North America, The Boss Baby opened alongside Ghost in the Shell and The Zookeeper's Wife, and was initially projected to gross around $30 million from 3,773 theaters in its opening weekend.[23] However, after grossing $1.5 million from Thursday night previews and $15.5 million on Friday, weekend projections were increased to $50 million. It ended up debuting to $50.2 million, finishing first at the box office.[24] It remained atop the box office in its second weekend, grossing $26.3 million.[25]

text: Critical response

text: On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, The Boss Baby has an approval rating of 52% based on 162 reviews, with an average rating of 5.5/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "The Boss Baby's talented cast, glimmers of wit, and flashes of visual inventiveness can't make up for a thin premise and a disappointing willingness to settle for doody jokes."[26] On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 50 out of 100, based on 32 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[27] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A–" on an A+ to F scale, while those under 18 (who made up 41% of the attendence) gave it an "A+".[24]

text: Neil Genzlinger of The New York Times praised Baldwin and the adult humor, saying: "The contrast between the helpless-infant stage of life and corporate-speak is funny but fairly high-concept for a kiddie movie, and the plot grows denser as it goes along and the baby and Tim reluctantly join forces to stop a conspiracy by which puppies would corner all the love in the world."[28]

text: Accolades

text:
Award
Date of ceremony
Category
Recipient(s) and nominee(s)
Result
Ref.

Academy Awards
March 4, 2018
Best Animated Feature
Tom McGrath and Ramsey Ann Naito
Nominated
[6]

Annie Awards
February 3, 2018
Best Animated Feature
Ramsey Ann Naito
Nominated
[29]

Character Animation in an Animated Feature Production
Bryce McGovern
Nominated

Rani Naamani
Nominated

Character Design in an Animated Feature Production
Joe Moshier
Nominated

Directing in an Animated Feature Production
Tom McGrath
Nominated

Storyboarding in an Animated Feature Production
Glenn Harmon
Nominated

Golden Globe Awards
January 7, 2018
Best Animated Feature Film
Tom McGrath
Nominated
[30]

Hollywood Music in Media Awards
November 16, 2017
Best Original Score – Animated Film
Hans Zimmer, Steve Mazzaro
Nominated
[31]

Online Film Critics Society
December 28, 2017
Best Voice-Over Performance
Alec Baldwin
Nominated
[32]

Producers Guild of America Award
January 20, 2018
Outstanding Producer of Animated Theatrical Motion Picture
Ramsey Ann Naito
Nominated
[33]

San Diego Film Critics Society
December 11, 2017
Best Animated Film
The Boss Baby
Runner-up
[34]

Satellite Awards
February 10, 2018
Best Animated or Mixed Media Feature
Nominated
[35]

Saturn Awards
June 2018
Best Animated Film
The Boss Baby
Pending
[36]

Visual Effects Society Awards
February 13, 2018
Outstanding Animated Character in an Animated Feature
Alec Baldwin, Carlos Puertolas, Rani Naamani, Joe Moshier for "Boss Baby"
Nominated
[37]

Outstanding Effects Simulations in an Animated Feature
Mitul Patel, Gaurav Mathus, Venkatesh Kongathi
Nominated

tag: table

text: Franchise

text: Sequel

text: On May 25, 2017, Universal Pictures and DreamWorks announced a sequel is set to be released on March 26, 2021, with Alec Baldwin reprising his role.[38]

text: Television series

text: On December 12, 2017, DreamWorks Animation and Netflix announced that an animated series based on the film, titled The Boss Baby: Back in Business, would be planned for a 2018 release.[39]


document_title: Pete Wilder

question_text: who does pete end up with in private practice

text: Pete Wilder

text: Character history[edit]

text: Season One[edit]

text: Pete works at the Oceanside Wellness Center as a naturopathic doctor and licensed herbalist. He graduated from medical school and practiced traditional western medicine for a number of years before spending five years in China studying alternative medicine. Pete’s medical practice combines eastern and western medicine in an integrative approach, and he is often asked to provide expectant mothers with holistic birthing plans.[2] Pete has also lectured locally and internationally on the subject of Oriental and Eastern Medicine.[2]

text: During Dr. Addison Forbes Montgomery's first visit to Oceanside Wellness, Pete and Addison establish a teasing and often flirtatious relationship. Addison initially labels Pete a “quack,” but she allows the “cute hippy boy” to treat her with acupuncture. Although Pete is immediately attracted to her, he promises their mutual friend, Dr. Sam Bennett, that he will stay away from Addison. However, after finding Addison crying over her newly discovered infertility, Pete kisses her to prove that she isn’t “dried up.” Addison seems open to pursuing a relationship with Pete, but is warned off by Sam. According to Sam, Pete is a serial monogamist, unable to emotionally connect with any woman since the death of his wife. Pete's last foray into office romance was apparently disastrous, and resulted in the unnamed OB/GYN's sudden departure from the practice. In response, Oceanside Wellness instituted a strict "no consorting" rule.

text: Pete's relationship with his wife is somewhat mysterious and he appears reluctant to discuss their marriage. During a visit to her grave on the anniversary of her death, we discover Anna Wilder died in 2001, at the age of 40. (In "The Other Side of This Life," Sam stated that Pete’s wife had died eight years prior. However, in a subsequent interview, Tim Daly said that there is some confusion as to whether Anna died six or eight years prior, which was finally decided to be six years prior.) In a discussion regarding a patient, Pete hints to the other doctors that he stayed in an unhappy marriage because his wife was sick, and that they were unable to make the marriage work. Pete eventually tells Addison that he went to bed with his wife on a Tuesday night and when he awoke the following Wednesday morning, she was dead. He further states that no night was perfect during their marriage, not even their wedding night. This information was the most that Pete has ever divulged to any of his co-workers about his wife. During a second visit to his wife's grave, Pete unleashes his pent-up anger to his wife's headstone. After stating that Anna was "a mean, cold bitch" and that he hated her, Pete softens and apologizes for not being able to save her. Pete later reveals to Violet that at the time of Anna's death, they had been trying to conceive a child.

text: Season Two[edit]

text: In the fourth episode, a mysterious woman from Pete's past appears in the clinic and reveals surprising facts about his past. Meg Porter (played by Jayne Brook) is a Doctors Without Borders physician and Pete's former lover. They met when they were both residents and later worked together with Doctors Without Borders. Meg reveals to Pete's surprised co-workers that once, during the war in Bosnia, Pete (whom Meg calls Peter) refused to evacuate and, despite the mortar fire, stayed with sick children for the whole night saving the lives of most of them. Later Pete told Meg, who has a smoking habit, that his wife was a smoker and she didn't quit the habit before she died. Despite their renewed relationship, Meg decides to go back to Ghana, where she works in an anti-malaria program, but Pete asked her to come back to him because she makes him happy. Meg returned later to L.A. and even tried to give up smoking for Pete, but despite that, the relationship didn't work. Meg wasn't sure if she wanted to live in L.A., and Pete admitted that ever since his unhappy marriage he doesn't trust women anymore. When Pete and his Oceanside Wellness Center colleague Violet hooked-up, the relationship with Meg was definitely over.

text: The relationship with Violet started with just sex, but Pete later realized that he wanted more. When he asked Violet if they could move to the next level and begin a real relationship, she turned him down, saying she doesn't trust him because of his past. But it was Violet's behavior that really put an end to things when she started secretly dating Sheldon, the therapist from the rival practice, The Pacific Wellcare. Pete ended their relationship because of Violet's infidelity. Afterward, Violet reveals to both Pete and Sheldon she's pregnant, and was willing to raise the child, but preferred to ignore who the father is. In the Season Two finale, Pete confronts Violet and says that he loves her and they could be a real family. Violet turns him down, but later she kisses him and confesses her feelings towards him. In the end, Violet's patient, Katie, thinks Violet's baby is her own. Katie kidnaps Violet's baby, ending the finale as a cliffhanger.

text: Season Three[edit]

text: Season Three starts just twenty minutes after the Season Two finale, when Pete finds Violet lying unconscious on the floor of her house, bleeding to death. Katie cut the baby out of Violet and ran away with him. Pete saves Violet and, together with Naomi, rushes her to hospital, where Addison and Naomi perform surgery on her. In the meantime, Katie appears in the hospital with Violet's baby, and is apprehended by Pete, Cooper, and the security team.

text: While waiting in the hospital during Violet's surgery, Pete thinks back to their first meeting. They met just four days after Pete's wife death when Sam and Naomi, Pete's friends who had just opened their private practice, recommended that Pete see Violet for therapy. Pete at first was reluctant to talk with Violet, but he finally opened up to her and admitted that he hated his wife and argued with her all the time, even the night she died. The next morning, he continued yelling at her when he woke up and only a few minutes later he noticed that she wasn't answering because she was dead. Pete admitted that he was relieved after his wife's death and felt free. After that. Pete, who owned an Infectious Diseases practice in Beverly Hills, decided to change his job, and started working in Oceanside Wellness Centre as an Alternative Medicine specialist, where he still works eight years later.

text: A month after the Season Three premiere, Violet is still trying to recover and get over her trauma. Pete lives with her and takes care of her and the baby, Lucas. Violet is not leaving her house and has panic attacks every time the doorbell rings. After getting advice from Sheldon, Pete decides to move out, to help Violet recover and push her to go outside. Violet realizes that after the traumatic events in her life, she can't bond with her baby. She gives Lucas to Pete to care for.

text: A couple of weeks later, Sheldon requests a paternity test and it is revealed that Pete is the biological father. Pete continues to be a single father and takes care of Lucas, hoping that some day Violet will come back to him and be able to bond with their child. To give Violet more space and time to recover, Pete decided to leave his job in Oceanside Wellness and accept Naomi's offer to work as physician in Pacific Wellcare.

text: When Pete found out that Violet slept with Addison's father, he was so hurt, that he declared it the definite end of their relationship. Later on Pete forgave Violet, but she still wasn't ready to move on and re-unite with Pete and their son, Lucas, who was already 6 months old. After that Pete and Addison started a "friends with benefits" relationship together.

text: Pete and Addison eventually took their relationship further, becoming a real couple. They pursued this even after Violet had returned and was ready for a real relationship with Pete and Lucas. In the Season Three finale, Addison tells Pete that he should be with Violet, and he seems to initiate a newfound relationship with Violet again.

text: Season Four[edit]

text: In the Season Four premiere, Pete popped the question to Violet after a morning of passion. The wedding was set for the following weekend. Violet bolted from the ceremony halfway down the aisle, but was wordlessly convinced by Pete to come back and the two were wed. In the Season Four finale, Violet finds out that her license is being suspended and Pete tells her that maybe they should split. The final scene of Season Four shows Pete, alone with Lucas, having a heart attack with no one around to help him.

text: Season Five[edit]

text: No one is around to help Pete. Cooper arrives and finds him unconscious. He's rushed to the hospital where Sam and Amelia work to save his life. Violet returns shocked at what has happened. Pete has an emergency quadruple bypass. Amelia operates on him under the influence. The surgery is a success. Afterwards, everything seems fine between Violet and Pete until Pete begins lashing out at Violet and she becomes his verbal punching bag and he offers her no support as she struggles to return to the practice. Sheldon becomes Pete's unofficial therapist. Pete begins treating Violet as though he hates her. Sheldon warns him that he will lose her and Lucas if he continues this behavior. Violet and Pete try to make it work but Violet doesn't want him to hate her as he did hate his deceased wife. The two agree to amicably separate.

text: Season Six[edit]

text: In the season premiere Violet is left wondering where Pete is as his court date has arrived and he was not there. Throughout the episode Violet and the rest of the practice debate whether he has fallen into some trouble or he decided to make a run for it. The only clue available is a text message from Pete to Violet stating, "Went for a run. Whatever happens... know that I LOVE YOU!" Speculation flies as Violet considers whether Pete meant a jog or a flight out of the country. In the last minutes of the episode it is revealed by Violet in a conversation with Cooper that police have informed her Pete had fallen off a hill while on a run and suffered a fatal heart attack. Since he was out of immediate sight help was not able to arrive on time and he died. Violet is in shock, stating she could hardly believe it was Pete and she did not know how to break the news to their three-year-old son. Per his will, Pete's body is cremated and he insists on a party rather than a funeral. At the event, Violet hears various people talk of how Pete saved their lives or helped family members, Violet having a difficult time dealing with it, including getting high in the bathroom. She tries to celebrate with singing but breaks down to scream over Pete leaving her and their son alone.

text: Trivia[edit]

text:
Pete rode a Triumph motorcycle.
Before settling on the name Pete Wilder, the creators of the show considered and rejected "Pete Finch" and "Pete Fisher."[3]


document_title: Isotopes of silver

question_text: what is the natural abundance of ag−109

question_tokens: what is the natural abundance of ag − 109

text: Isotopes of silver

text:
Main isotopes of silver

Isotope
Decay

abundance
half-life (t1/2)
mode
product

105Ag
syn
41.2 d
ε
105Pd

γ
–

106mAg
syn
8.28 d
ε
106Pd

γ
–

107Ag
51.839%
stable

108mAg
syn
418 y
ε
108Pd

IT
108Ag

γ
–

109Ag
48.161%
stable

111Ag
syn
7.45 d
β−
111Cd

γ
–

Standard atomic weight (Ar, standard)

107.8682(2)[1]

view
talk
edit

text: Naturally occurring silver (47Ag) is composed of the two stable isotopes 107Ag and 109Ag with 107Ag being the more abundant (51.839% natural abundance). Twenty-eight radioisotopes have been characterized with the most stable being 105Ag with a half-life of 41.29 days, 111Ag with a half-life of 7.45 days, and 112Ag with a half-life of 3.13 hours.

text: All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that are less than an hour and the majority of these have half-lives that are less than 3 minutes. This element has numerous meta states with the most stable being 108mAg (t* 418 years), 110mAg (t* 249.79 days) and 106mAg (t* 8.28 days).

text: Isotopes of silver range in atomic weight from 92.950 u (93Ag) to 129.950 u (130Ag). The primary decay mode before the most abundant stable isotope, 107Ag, is electron capture and the primary mode after is beta decay. The primary decay products before 107Ag are palladium (element 46) isotopes and the primary products after are cadmium (element 48) isotopes.

text: The palladium isotope 107Pd decays by beta emission to 107Ag with a half-life of 6.5 million years. Iron meteorites are the only objects with a high enough palladium/silver ratio to yield measurable variations in 107Ag abundance. Radiogenic 107Ag was first discovered in the Santa Clara meteorite in 1978.

text: The discoverers suggest that the coalescence and differentiation of iron-cored small planets may have occurred 10 million years after a nucleosynthetic event. 107Pd versus 107Ag correlations observed in bodies, which have clearly been melted since the accretion of the solar system, must reflect the presence of live short-lived nuclides in the early solar system.

text: List of isotopes[edit]

text:
nuclide
symbol
Z(p)
N(n)

isotopic mass (u)

half-life
decay
mode(s)[2][n 1]
daughter
isotope(s)[n 2]
nuclear
spin
representative
isotopic
composition
(mole fraction)
range of natural
variation
(mole fraction)

excitation energy

93Ag
47
46
92.94978(64)#
5# ms
[>1.5 µs]

9/2+#

94Ag
47
47
93.94278(54)#
37(18) ms
[26(+26−9) ms]
β+
94Pd
0+#

94m1Ag
1350(400)# keV
422(16) ms
β+ (>99.9%)
94Pd
(7+)

β+, p (<.1%)
93Rh

94m2Ag
6500(2000)# keV
300(200) ms

(21+)

95Ag
47
48
94.93548(43)#
1.74(13) s
β+ (>99.9%)
95Pd
(9/2+)

β+, p (<.1%)
94Rh

95m1Ag
344.2(3) keV
<0.5 s

(1/2−)

95m2Ag
2531(1) keV
<16 ms

(23/2+)

95m3Ag
4859(1) keV
<40 ms

(37/2+)

96Ag
47
49
95.93068(43)#
4.45(4) s
β+ (96.3%)
96Pd
(8+)

β+, p (3.7%)
95Rh

96m1Ag
0(50)# keV
6.9(6) s

(2+)

96m2Ag

700(200) ns

97Ag
47
50
96.92397(35)
25.3(3) s
β+
97Pd
(9/2+)

97mAg
2343(49) keV
5 ns

(21/2+)

98Ag
47
51
97.92157(7)
47.5(3) s
β+ (99.99%)
98Pd
(5+)

β+, p (.0012%)
97Rh

98mAg
167.83(15) keV
220(20) ns

(3+)

99Ag
47
52
98.91760(16)
124(3) s
β+
99Pd
(9/2)+

99mAg
506.1(4) keV
10.5(5) s
IT
99Ag
(1/2−)

100Ag
47
53
99.91610(8)
2.01(9) min
β+
100Pd
(5)+

100mAg
15.52(16) keV
2.24(13) min
IT
100Ag
(2)+

β+
100Pd

101Ag
47
54
100.91280(11)
11.1(3) min
β+
101Pd
9/2+

101mAg
274.1(3) keV
3.10(10) s
IT
101Ag
1/2−

102Ag
47
55
101.91169(3)
12.9(3) min
β+
102Pd
5+

102mAg
9.3(4) keV
7.7(5) min
β+ (51%)
102Pd
2+

IT (49%)
102Ag

103Ag
47
56
102.908973(18)
65.7(7) min
β+
103Pd
7/2+

103mAg
134.45(4) keV
5.7(3) s
IT
103Ag
1/2−

104Ag
47
57
103.908629(6)
69.2(10) min
β+
104Pd
5+

104mAg
6.9(4) keV
33.5(20) min
β+ (99.93%)
104Pd
2+

IT (.07%)
104Ag

105Ag
47
58
104.906529(12)
41.29(7) d
β+
105Pd
1/2−

105mAg
25.465(12) keV
7.23(16) min
IT (99.66%)
105Ag
7/2+

β+ (.34%)
105Pd

106Ag
47
59
105.906669(5)
23.96(4) min
β+ (99.5%)
106Pd
1+

β− (0.5%)
106Cd

106mAg
89.66(7) keV
8.28(2) d
β+
106Pd
6+

IT (4.16×10−6%)
106Ag

107Ag[n 3]
47
60
106.905097(5)
Stable[n 4]
1/2−
0.51839(8)

107mAg
93.125(19) keV
44.3(2) s
IT
107Ag
7/2+

108Ag
47
61
107.905956(5)
2.37(1) min
β− (97.15%)
108Cd
1+

β+ (2.85%)
108Pd

108mAg
109.440(7) keV
418(21) y
β+ (91.3%)
108Pd
6+

IT (8.96%)
108Ag

109Ag[n 5]
47
62
108.904752(3)
Stable[n 4]
1/2−
0.48161(8)

109mAg
88.0341(11) keV
39.6(2) s
IT
109Ag
7/2+

110Ag
47
63
109.906107(3)
24.6(2) s
β− (99.7%)
110Cd
1+

EC (.3%)
110Pd

110m1Ag
1.113 keV
660(40) ns

2−

110m2Ag
117.59(5) keV
249.950(24) d
β− (98.64%)
110Cd
6+

IT (1.36%)
110Ag

111Ag[n 5]
47
64
110.905291(3)
7.45(1) d
β−
111Cd
1/2−

111mAg
59.82(4) keV
64.8(8) s
IT (99.3%)
111Ag
7/2+

β− (.7%)
111Cd

112Ag
47
65
111.907005(18)
3.130(9) h
β−
112Cd
2(−)

113Ag
47
66
112.906567(18)
5.37(5) h
β−
113mCd
1/2−

113mAg
43.50(10) keV
68.7(16) s
IT (64%)
113Ag
7/2+

β− (36%)
113Cd

114Ag
47
67
113.908804(27)
4.6(1) s
β−
114Cd
1+

114mAg
199(5) keV
1.50(5) ms
IT
114Ag
(<7+)

115Ag
47
68
114.90876(4)
20.0(5) min
β−
115mCd
1/2−

115mAg
41.16(10) keV
18.0(7) s
β− (79%)
115Cd
7/2+

IT (21%)
115Ag

116Ag
47
69
115.91136(5)
2.68(10) min
β−
116Cd
(2)−

116mAg
81.90(20) keV
8.6(3) s
β− (94%)
116Cd
(5+)

IT (6%)
116Ag

117Ag
47
70
116.91168(5)
73.6(14) s
[72.8(+20−7) s]
β−
117mCd
1/2−#

117mAg
28.6(2) keV
5.34(5) s
β− (94%)
117mCd
(7/2+)

IT (6%)
117Ag

118Ag
47
71
117.91458(7)
3.76(15) s
β−
118Cd
1-

118m1Ag
45.79(9) keV
~0.1 µs

0(−) to 2(−)

118m2Ag
127.49(5) keV
2.0(2) s
β− (59%)
118Cd
4(+)

IT (41%)
118Ag

118m3Ag
279.37(20) keV
~0.1 µs

(2+,3+)

119Ag
47
72
118.91567(10)
6.0(5) s
β−
119mCd
1/2−#

119mAg
20(20)# keV
2.1(1) s
β−
119Cd
7/2+#

120Ag
47
73
119.91879(8)
1.23(4) s
β− (99.99%)
120Cd
3(+#)

β−, n (.003%)
119Cd

120mAg
203.0(10) keV
371(24) ms
β− (63%)
120Cd
6(−)

IT (37%)
120Ag

121Ag
47
74
120.91985(16)
0.79(2) s
β− (99.92%)
121Cd
(7/2+)#

β−, n (.076%)
120Cd

122Ag
47
75
121.92353(22)#
0.529(13) s
β− (>99.9%)
122Cd
(3+)

β−, n (<.1%)
121Cd

122mAg
80(50)# keV
1.5(5) s
β− (>99.9%)
122Cd
8-#

β−, n (<.1%)
121Cd

123Ag
47
76
122.92490(22)#
0.300(5) s
β− (99.45%)
123Cd
(7/2+)

β−, n (.549%)
122Cd

124Ag
47
77
123.92864(21)#
172(5) ms
β− (99.9%)
124Cd
3+#

β−, n (.1%)
123Cd

124mAg
0(100)# keV
200# ms
β−
124Cd
8-#

IT
124Ag

125Ag
47
78
124.93043(32)#
166(7) ms
β− (>99.9%)
125Cd
(7/2+)#

β−, n (<.1%)
124Cd

126Ag
47
79
125.93450(32)#
107(12) ms
β− (>99.9%)
126Cd
3+#

β−, n (<.1%)
125Cd

127Ag
47
80
126.93677(32)#
79(3) ms
β− (>99.9%)
127Cd
7/2+#

β−, n (<.1%)
126Cd

128Ag
47
81
127.94117(32)#
58(5) ms

129Ag
47
82
128.94369(43)#
44(7) ms
[46(+5−9) ms]

7/2+#

129mAg
0(200)# keV
~160 ms

1/2−#

130Ag
47
83
129.95045(36)#
~50 ms
β−
130Cd
0+

131Ag
47
84

35 ms
β−
131Cd

132Ag
47
85

28 ms
β−
132Cd

text:
Jump up ^ Abbreviations:
EC: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition
Jump up ^ Bold for stable isotopes, bold italics for nearly-stable isotopes (half-life longer than the age of the universe)
Jump up ^ Used to date certain events in the early history of the Solar System
^ Jump up to: a b Theoretically capable of spontaneous fission
^ Jump up to: a b Fission product

tag: ol

text: Notes[edit]

text:
The precision of the isotope abundances and atomic mass is limited through variations. The given ranges should be applicable to any normal terrestrial material.
Geologically exceptional samples are known in which the isotopic composition lies outside the reported range. The uncertainty in the atomic mass may exceed the stated value for such specimens.
Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from systematic trends. Spins with weak assignment arguments are enclosed in parentheses.
Uncertainties are given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits. Uncertainty values denote one standard deviation, except isotopic composition and standard atomic mass from IUPAC, which use expanded uncertainties.