document_title: Furman v. Georgia

question_text: the supreme court's ruling in furman v. georgia revolved around

question_tokens: the supreme court 's ruling in furman v. georgia revolved around

text: Furman v. Georgia

text: Background[edit]

text: In the Furman v. Georgia case, the resident awoke in the middle of the night to find William Henry Furman committing burglary in his house. At trial, in an unsworn statement allowed under Georgia criminal procedure, Furman said that while trying to escape, he tripped and the weapon he was carrying fired accidentally, killing the victim. This contradicted his prior statement to police that he had turned and blindly fired a shot while fleeing. In either event, because the shooting occurred during the commission of a felony, Furman would have been guilty of murder and eligible for the death penalty under then-extant state law, according to the felony murder rule. Furman was tried for murder and was found guilty based largely on his own statement. Although he was sentenced to death, the punishment was never carried out.

tag: p

text: Jackson v. Georgia, like Furman, was also a death penalty case confirmed by the Supreme Court of Georgia. Unlike Furman, however, the convicted man in Jackson had not killed anyone, but attempted to commit armed robbery and committed rape in the process of doing so. Branch v. Texas was brought to the Supreme Court of the United States on appeal on certiorari to the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals. Like Jackson, Branch was convicted of rape.[2]

text: Decision[edit]

text: In a 5–4 decision, the Court's one-paragraph per curiam opinion held that the imposition of the death penalty in these cases constituted cruel and unusual punishment and violated the Constitution.[3] However, the majority could not agree as to a rationale. There was no opinion of the court or plurality as none of the five justices constituting the majority joined in the opinion of any other.

text: Justices Potter Stewart, Byron White and William O. Douglas expressed similar concerns about the apparent arbitrariness with which death sentences were imposed under the existing laws, often indicating a racial bias against black defendants. Because these opinions were the narrowest, finding only that the death penalty as currently applied was cruel and unusual, they are often considered the controlling majority opinions. Stewart wrote:

text: These death sentences are cruel and unusual in the same way that being struck by lightning is cruel and unusual. For, of all the people convicted of rapes and murders in 1967 and 1968, many just as reprehensible as these, the petitioners are among a capriciously selected random handful upon whom the sentence of death has in fact been imposed. My concurring Brothers have demonstrated that, if any basis can be discerned for the selection of these few to be sentenced to death, it is the constitutionally impermissible basis of race. See McLaughlin v. Florida, 379 U.S. 184 (1964) But racial discrimination has not been proved, and I put it to one side. I simply conclude that the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments cannot tolerate the infliction of a sentence of death under legal systems that permit this unique penalty to be so wantonly and so freakishly imposed.

text: Justices William Brennan and Thurgood Marshall concluded that the death penalty was in itself "cruel and unusual punishment," and incompatible with the evolving standards of decency of a contemporary society.

text: Dissents[edit]

text: Chief Justice Warren Burger and Justices Harry Blackmun, Lewis F. Powell, and William H. Rehnquist, each appointed by President Richard Nixon, dissented. They argued that a punishment provided in 40 state statutes (at the time) and by the federal government could not be ruled contrary to the so-called "evolving standard of decency."

text: Aftermath[edit]

text: The Furman decision caused all death sentences pending at the time to be reduced to life imprisonment, and it was described by scholars as a "legal bombshell."[4] The next day, columnist Barry Schweid wrote that it was "unlikely" that the death penalty could exist anymore in the United States.[5]

text: The Court's decision forced states and the U.S. Congress to rethink their statutes for capital offenses to ensure that the death penalty would not be administered in a capricious or discriminatory manner.[6]

text: In the following four years, 37 states enacted new death penalty laws aimed at overcoming the court's concerns about arbitrary imposition of the death penalty. Several statutes that mandated bifurcated trials, with separate guilt-innocence and sentencing phases, and imposing standards to guide the discretion of juries and judges in imposing capital sentences, were upheld in a series of Supreme Court decisions in 1976, led by Gregg v. Georgia. Other statutes enacted in response to Furman, such as Louisiana's which mandated imposition of the death penalty upon conviction of a certain crime, were struck down in cases of that same year.


document_title: Weigh station

question_text: when do you have to pull into a weigh station

root

text: Weigh station

text: United States[edit]

text: A weigh station located near a state border is called a port of entry. States may also locate weigh stations in the interior of the state. Interior weigh stations are often located at choke points or areas where freight originates or is delivered.

text: Weigh stations were primarily created to collect road use taxes before IFTA created an integrated system of doing so. While taxes can still be paid at weigh stations, their primary function is now enforcement of tax and safety regulations. These include: to check freight carrier compliance with fuel tax laws; to check weight restrictions; to check equipment safety; to check compliance with hours of service Regulations. Weigh stations are regulated by individual state governments and therefore have vastly different requirements from state to state. They are typically operated by the state's Department of Transportation (DOT) or Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) in conjunction with the state highway patrol or state police, thus enabling enforcement of applicable laws. The federal maximum weight is set at 80,000 pounds. Trucks exceeding the federal weight limit can still operate on the country's highways with an overweight permit, but such permits are only issued before the scheduled trip and expire at the end of the trip. Overweight permits are only issued for loads that cannot be broken down to smaller shipments that fall below the federal weight limit, and if there is no other alternative to moving the cargo by truck. Permitted oversize trucks are often required to coordinate with the Departments of Transportation and law enforcement agencies of the transited states before the trip begins, as most states require oversize trucks to be escorted. Many states have weigh in motion technology that allow a continuous flow of truck weighing.

text: Many states also check freight paperwork, vehicle paperwork, and logbooks to ensure that fuel taxes have been paid and that truck drivers are obeying the hours of service (a federal requirement). Also, the truck and driver may have to undergo a DOT inspection, as most states perform the bulk of their DOT inspections at their weigh stations. In some cases, if a truck is found to be overweight, the vehicle is ordered to stop until the situation can be fixed by acquiring an overweight permit. In other cases, the driver may receive an overweight ticket and may or may not be required to offload the extra freight. Offloading the extra freight may not be practical for perishable or hazardous loads. The first state to implement a weight law was Maine, which set a limit of 18,000 pounds (9 tons; 8,200 kg) in 1918.

text: Two types of loads may result in overweight trucks: divisible and non-divisible. A divisible load is a load which can be easily divided into smaller parts, such as products that are shipped on pallets, automobiles or grains. A non-divisible load is a load which is unable to be divided into smaller parts, like a piece of equipment or a steel beam. All states provide permits for non-divisible loads though the truck may have restricted routing. Some states allow tolerances for any over weight truck. Some states have specific allowances for types of loads for which they will allow tolerances. For example, Wyoming allows 2000 pounds for chains, tarps and dunnage that accompany a non-divisible load.[1]

text: Truckers often refer to weigh stations as "chicken coops."[2]

text: Electronic weigh station bypass[edit]

text: Many states now use electronic bypass systems (or AVI - Automatic Vehicle Identification) to alleviate some of the truck traffic through the weigh station. Some of the best known are PrePass, NORPASS and Drivewyze. The system may consist of equipment at the weigh station itself, as well as a truck mounted transponder or smartphone, usually placed on the inside of the windshield or on the dashboard. These are similar to transponders used for toll collection. Each transponder is directly registered to a specific truck, and contains a unique identification. The registration process propagates information such as carrier name, unit number, and elected gross weight to weigh stations. In addition, the system keeps a basic safety and compliance record for each vehicle. As a truck approaches a weigh station (approximately one mile before), an electronic "reader" on a boom over the freeway reads the information from the truck transponder. It also looks at the safety and compliance record on the database. A display shows the results to the weigh master, including the speed of the vehicle. The weigh master may have the system automatically determine if a truck needs to stop or may override the system. Approximately one-half to one full mile after passing under the "reader", the truck will pass under another boom which has an electronic unit to send the transponder a signal. If the safety information is acceptable the truck may receive a green light and can continue without entering the weigh station at all. There are weight detecting devices in the roadway itself. A driver may get a red light. On these occasions, the truck must pull into the weigh station for the normal weigh-in procedure. The most common reason a truck is "redlighted" is a weight problem, or a random check. Each time a truck is randomly pulled in, it is noted in the system whether the driver was compliant or not during the check. This affects how often a truck (or different trucks from the same company) are pulled in. For example, a company which is very compliant with the law will probably only have 5% of its trucks "redlighted."

text: Canada[edit]

text: British Columbia[edit]

text: Weigh Stations (aka "Scales") are usually on the right-hand side of the travelled highway, but median scales are appearing (as of 2005) on divided highways, often combined with "weigh-in-motion" technology.

text: A median scale is placed between the opposing lanes of traffic, necessitating heavy vehicles exiting from the left lane (rather than the right) and re-entering traffic from the left, potentially at a lower speed than the normal "free-flow" traffic would expect in the left (often thought of as "fast") lane.

text: "Weigh-in-motion" technology allows heavy vehicles that do not exceed limits of weight (and size) to pass the scale, thus improving both freight and weigh scale operation efficiency.

text: Alberta[edit]

text: In Alberta, scales can be on either side of the road, on the median or off-highway. Flashing lights inform drivers as to whether the scale is operational. Occasionally, the lights may be operational in only one direction.

text: Alberta scales are all of the 'weigh-in-motion' type, and vehicles are not required to stop; they merely have to slow to 10 km/h.

text: Scales which are not operational are often available to drivers as a 'self-weigh' site, where drivers can check their axle loads without enforcement officials being involved.

text: North West Territories[edit]

text: The government of the North West Territories operates only one scale. It is situated in the townsite of Enterprise, 83 kilometres north of the border with Alberta, and issues permits for vehicles from other jurisdictions as well as weighing vehicles and enforcing hours of service legislation.

text: Taiwan[edit]

text: In Taiwan, weigh stations (Chinese: 地磅站) are located on major highways, especially at all toll booths on freeways. Advanced signs tell that trucks must enter the weigh stations when the attached lights are flashing, usually when tolls are collected.

text: Since the National Highway 1 was built with older designs, all weigh stations have older scales so trucks must stop. Weigh stations along the National Highway 3 have weigh-in-motion scales at 7 central and southern toll stations, but northern stations at Cidu, Shulin, and Longtan have traditional scales where trucks must stop.

text: The Taiwan Area National Freeway Bureau applies for periodical inspections of truck scales every three months.[3] Truckers entering a weigh-in-motion scale are advised not to accelerate or decelerate suddenly, or they may be required to be weighed again.[4]


document_title: List of Cleveland Browns head coaches

question_text: who is the head coach of the cleveland browns

text: List of Cleveland Browns head coaches

text: Key[edit]

text:
#

Number of coaches[N 1]

GC

Games coached

W

Wins

L

Losses

T

Ties

Win%

Winning percentage

00†

Elected into the Pro Football Hall of Fame as a coach

00‡

Elected into the Pro Football Hall of Fame as a player

00*

Spent entire NFL head coaching career with the Browns

tag: table

text: Coaches[edit]

text: Note: Statistics are updated through the 2017 NFL season.

text:
#

Name

Term[N 2]

Regular season

Playoffs

Achievements

Ref.

GC

W

L

T

Win%

GC

W

L

Win%

1
Paul Brown †
1946–1962
214
158
48
8
.767
14
9
5
.643

Four AAFC championships (1946, 1947, 1948, 1949)[11]Three NFL championships (1950, 1954, 1955)[12]Seven NFL Conference championships(1950–55,1957)
1949, 1951, and 1953 Sporting News NFL Coach of the Year[13]1957 UPI NFL Coach of the Year[7]

[6][8]

2
Blanton Collier*
1963–1970
112
76
34
2
.691
7
3
4
.429

NFL Champion in 1964 Four Eastern conference champions (1964, 1965, 1968, 1969)Three Century Division Champions (1967,1968, 1969)

[14]

3
Nick Skorich
1971–1975
56
30
24
2
.556
2
0
2
.000

AFC Central Division Champions 1971

[15]

4
Forrest Gregg ‡
1975–1977
41
18
23
0
.439
—
—
—
—

1976 Associated Press (AP) NFL Coach of the Year[16]

[17]

5
Dick Modzelewski*
1977
1
0
1
0
.000
—
—
—
—

[18]

6
Sam Rutigliano*
1978–1984
97
47
50
0
.485
2
0
2
.000

1979 and 1980 UPI NFL Coach of the Year,[7] AFC Central Division Champions 1980

[19]

7
Marty Schottenheimer
1984–1988
71
44
27
0
.620
6
2
4
.333

1986 UPI NFL Coach of the Year[7]Three AFC Central Division Champions (1985, 1986 and 1987)

[20]

8
Bud Carson*
1989–1990
25
11
13
1
.458
2
1
1
.500

AFC Central Division Champions 1989

[21]

9
Jim Shofner*
1990
7
1
6
0
.143
—
—
—
—

[22]

10
Bill Belichick
1991–1995
80
36
44
0
.450
2
1
1
.500

[23]

— [N 3]
1996–1998

11
Chris Palmer*
1999–2000
32
5
27
0
.156
—
—
—
—

[24]

12
Butch Davis*
2001–2004
58
24
34
0
.414
1
0
1
.000

[25]

13
Terry Robiskie
2004
6
1
5
0
.167
—
—
—
—

[26]

14
Romeo Crennel
2005–2008
64
24
40
0
.375
—
—
—
—

[27]

15
Eric Mangini
2009–2010
32
10
22
0
.313
—
—
—
—

[28]

16
Pat Shurmur
2011–2012
32
9
23
0
.281
—
—
—
—

[29]

17
Rob Chudzinski*
2013
16
4
12
0
.250
—
—
—
—

[30]

18
Mike Pettine*
2014–2015
32
10
22
0
.313
—
—
—
—

[31]

19
Hue Jackson
2016–present
32
1
31
0
.031
—
—
—
—

[32]

text: Footnotes[edit]

text:
Jump up ^ A running total of the number of coaches of the Browns. Thus, any coach who has two or more separate terms as head coach is only counted once.

Jump up ^ Each year is linked to an article about that NFL season.

Jump up ^ The Browns did not play from 1996 to 1998 due to events in the Cleveland Browns relocation controversy.[3]

tag: ol

text: Notes[edit]

text:
"History: All-Time Head Coaches". Cleveland Browns. NFL Enterprises LLC. Archived from the original on 2013-01-23. Retrieved January 22, 2013.
"Cleveland Browns Franchise Encyclopedia". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

tag: ul

text:
Jump up ^ "Year By Year Season Results". Cleveland Browns. NFL Enterprises LLC. Archived from the original on 2010-04-02. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Cleveland Browns Stadium". Cleveland Browns. NFL Enterprises LLC. Archived from the original on 2010-03-15. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

^ Jump up to: a b Henkel 2005, p. 111

Jump up ^ "Cleveland Browns – Front Office". January 20, 2013. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

^ Jump up to: a b Rosenthal, Gregg (December 31, 2012). "Pat Shurmur, Tom Heckert fired by Cleveland Browns". NFL.com. NFL Enterprises LLC. Retrieved December 31, 2012.

^ Jump up to: a b "Paul Brown". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

^ Jump up to: a b c d Hickok, Ralph (2008-04-17). "NFL Coach of the Year Award". Hick OK Sports. Archived from the original on December 5, 2012. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

^ Jump up to: a b "Paul Brown". Pro Football Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Cleveland Browns Franchise Encyclopedia". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ Sessler, Marc (December 29, 2013). "Rob Chudzinski fired by Cleveland Browns". National Football League. NFL Enterprises LLC. Retrieved December 29, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Cleveland Browns". Pro Football Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "History: NFL Champions". Pro Football Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "NFL Coach of the Year". Sporting News. Archived from the original on 2009-02-17. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Blanton Collier". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Nick Skorich". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "AP NFL Coach of the Year Winners". The Washington Post. 2005-01-08. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Forrest Gregg". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Dick Modzelewski". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Sam Rutigliano". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Marty Schottenheimer". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Bud Carson". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Jim Shofner". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Bill Belichick". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Chris Palmer". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Butch Davis". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Terry Robiskie". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Romeo Crennel". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Eric Mangini". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 22, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Pat Shurmur's Coaching Record". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 2, 2012.

Jump up ^ "AP Source: Browns Hire Rob Chudzinski as New Coach". abcnews.go.com. AP. Retrieved January 11, 2013.

Jump up ^ "Mike Pettine Record, Statistics, and Category Ranks". Pro Football Reference. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved January 4, 2016.

Jump up ^ Cabot, Mary Kay (January 13, 2016). "Hue Jackson hired as Cleveland Browns' 8th head coach since 1999". The Plain Dealer. Cleveland.com. Retrieved January 13, 2016.


document_title: List of Florida State Seminoles football seasons

question_text: when was the last time florida state football had a losing season

text: The Florida State Seminoles football team has represented Florida State University in collegiate football since 1947. The following is a list of Florida State Seminoles football seasons.

text: Seasons[edit]

text:
Year
Coach
Overall
Conference
Standing
Bowl/playoffs
Coaches#
AP°

Ed Williamson (Independent) (1947)

1947
Williamson
0–5

Don Veller (Dixie) (1948–1950)

1948
Veller
7–1

1st

1949
Veller
9–1

1st
W Cigar

1950
Veller
8–0

1st

Don Veller (Independent) (1951–1952)

1951
Veller
6–2

1952
Veller
1–8–1

Tom Nugent (Independent) (1953–1958)

1953
Nugent
5–5

1954
Nugent
8–4

L Sun

1955
Nugent
5–5

1956
Nugent
5–4–1

1957
Nugent
4–6

1958
Nugent
7–4

L Bluegrass

Perry Moss (Independent) (1959)

1959
Moss
4–6

Bill Peterson (Independent) (1960–1970)

1960
Peterson
3–6–1

1961
Peterson
4–5–1

1962
Peterson
4–3–3

1963
Peterson
4–5–1

1964
Peterson
9–1–1

W Gator
11

1965
Peterson
4–5–1

1966
Peterson
6–5

L Sun

1967
Peterson
7–2–2

T Gator
15

1968
Peterson
8–3

L Peach
14

1969
Peterson
6–3–1

1970
Peterson
7–4

Larry Jones (Independent) (1971–1973)

1971
Jones
8–4

L Fiesta
19

1972
Jones
7–4

1973
Jones
0–11

Darrell Mudra (Independent) (1974–1975)

1974
Mudra
1–10

1975
Mudra
3–8

Bobby Bowden (Independent) (1976–1991)

1976
Bowden
5–6

1977
Bowden
10–2

W Tangerine
11
14

1978
Bowden
8–3

1979
Bowden
11–1

L Orange
8
6

1980
Bowden
10–2

L Orange
5
5

1981
Bowden
6–5

1982
Bowden
9–3

W Gator
10
13

1983
Bowden
8–4

W Peach

1984
Bowden
7–3–2

T Citrus
19
17

1985
Bowden
9–3

W Gator
13
15

1986
Bowden
7–4–1

W All-American
20

1987
Bowden
11–1

W Fiesta
2
2

1988
Bowden
11–1

W Sugar
3
3

1989
Bowden
10–2

W Fiesta
2
3

1990
Bowden
10–2

W Blockbuster
4
4

1991
Bowden
11–2

W Cotton
4
4

Bobby Bowden (ACC) (1992–2009)

1992
Bowden
11–1
8–0
1st
W Orange†
2
2

1993
Bowden
12–1
8–0
1st
W Orange†
1
1

1994
Bowden
10–1–1
8–0
1st
W Sugar†
5
4

1995
Bowden
10–2
7–1
1st
W Orange†
5
4

1996
Bowden
11–1
8–0
1st
L Sugar†
3
3

1997
Bowden
11–1
8–0
1st
W Sugar†
3
3

1998
Bowden
11–2
7–1
1st
L Fiesta†
3
3

1999
Bowden
12–0
8–0
1st
W Sugar†
1
1

2000
Bowden
11–2
8–0
1st
L Orange†
4
5

2001
Bowden
8–4
6–2
2nd
W Gator
15
15

2002
Bowden
9–5
7–1
1st
L Sugar†
23
21

2003
Bowden
10–3
7–1
1st
L Orange†
10
11

2004
Bowden
9–3
6–2
2nd
W Gator
14
15

2005
Bowden
8–5
5–3
1st Atlantic
L Orange†
23
23

2006
Bowden
2–6
0–5
5th Atlantic
W Emerald

2007
Bowden
0–6
0–4
4th Atlantic
L Music City

2008
Bowden
9–4
5–3
2nd Atlantic
W Champs Sports
23
21

2009
Bowden
7–6
4–4
3rd Atlantic
W Gator

Jimbo Fisher (ACC) (2010–present)

2010
Fisher
10–4
6–2
1st Atlantic
W Chick-fil-A
16
17

2011
Fisher
9–4
5–3
2nd Atlantic
W Champs Sports
23
23

2012
Fisher
12–2
7–1
1st Atlantic
W Orange†
8
10

2013
Fisher
14–0
8–0
1st Atlantic
W BCS NCG†
1
1

2014
Fisher
13–1
8–0
1st Atlantic
L Rose†
6
5

2015
Fisher
10–3
6–2
2nd Atlantic
L Peach†
14
14

2016
Fisher
10–3
5–3
3rd Atlantic
W Orange Bowl†
8
8

2017
Fisher
3–6
3–5
4th Atlantic

Total:
535–250–17

      National championship         Conference title         Conference division title

†Indicates Bowl Coalition, Bowl Alliance, BCS, or CFP / New Years' Six bowl.
#Rankings from final Coaches Poll.

text: Note: FSU was forced to vacate five wins in 2006 and seven wins in 2007 due to an academic cheating scandal. [1] [2]


document_title: Premier League records and statistics

question_text: top premier league goal scorer in one season

text: Premier League records and statistics

text: League records[edit]

text: Titles[edit]

text:
Most titles: 13, Manchester United[1]
Most consecutive title wins: 3

Manchester United (1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01)[1]
Manchester United (2006–07, 2007–08, 2008–09)[1]

Biggest title-winning margin: 19 points, 2017–18; Manchester City (100 points) over Manchester United (81 points)[2]
Smallest title-winning margin: 0 points and 8 goal difference – 2011–12; Manchester City (+64) over Manchester United (+56). Both finished on 89 points, but Manchester City won the title with a superior goal difference – the only time that goal difference has determined the Premier League.[3]

text: Points[edit]

text:
Most points in a season: 100, Manchester City (2017–18)[2]
Fewest points in a season: 11, Derby County (2007–08)[4]
Most home points in a season: 55, joint record:[5]

Chelsea (2005–06)
Manchester United (2010–11)
Manchester City (2011–12)[6]

Fewest home points in a season: 7, Sunderland (2005–06)[7]
Most away points in a season: 50, Manchester City (2017–18)[2]
Fewest away points in a season: 3, Derby County (2007–08)[7]
Most points in a season without winning the league: 89, Manchester United (2011–12)[8]
Fewest points in a season while winning the league: 75, Manchester United (1996–97)[9]
Most points in a season while being relegated:

42 games: 49, Crystal Palace (1992–93)[10]
38 games: 42, West Ham United (2002–03)[10]

Fewest points in a season while surviving relegation: 34, West Bromwich Albion (2004–05)[11]

text: Wins[edit]

text:
Most wins in total: 629, Manchester United[12]
Most wins in a season (38 games): 32, Manchester City (2017–18)[2]
Fewest wins in a season (38 games): 1, Derby County (2007–08)[7]
Most home wins in a season (19 games): 18, joint record:[13]

Chelsea (2005–06)
Manchester United (2010–11)
Manchester City (2011–12)[6]

Fewest home wins in a season (19 games): 1, joint record:[7]

Sunderland (2005–06)
Derby County (2007–08)

Most away wins in a season (19 games): 16, Manchester City (2017–18)[2]
Fewest away wins in a season (19/21 games): 0, joint record:[7][14][15]

Leeds United (1992–93)
Coventry City (1999–2000)
Wolverhampton Wanderers (2003–04)
Norwich City (2004–05)
Derby County (2007–08)
Hull City (2009–10)

Most consecutive wins: 18, Manchester City (between 26 August 2017 and 27 December 2017)[16][2]
Most consecutive home wins: 20, Manchester City (between 5 March 2011 and 21 March 2012)[17]
Most consecutive away wins: 11, joint record:[18][16]

Chelsea (between 6 April 2008 and 7 December 2008)
Manchester City (between 21 May 2017 and 27 December 2017)

Most consecutive games without a win: 32, Derby County (2007–08)[7]
Most consecutive games without a win from beginning of season: 16, Queens Park Rangers (between 18 August 2012 and 8 December 2012)[19]

text: Defeats[edit]

text:
Most defeats in total: 351, Everton[20]
Longest unbeaten run: 49 games, Arsenal (7 May 2003 – 24 October 2004)[21]
Fewest defeats in a season (38 games): 0, Arsenal (2003–04)[22]
Fewest home defeats in a season (19 games): 0, joint record:

Manchester United (1995–96, 1999–2000, 2010–11)[23][24][25]
Arsenal (1998–99, 2003–04, 2007–08)[26][27][28]
Chelsea (2004–05, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2014–15)[28][29][30][31][32]
Liverpool (2008–09, 2017–18)[33]
Manchester City (2011–12)[6]
Tottenham Hotspur (2016–17)

Fewest away defeats in a season (19 games): 0, Arsenal (2001–02, 2003–04)[27][34]
Most consecutive home games undefeated: 86, Chelsea (20 March 2004 – 5 October 2008)[35]
Most consecutive away games undefeated: 27, Arsenal (5 April 2003 – 25 September 2004)[36]
Most defeats in a season (42 games or 38 games): 29, joint record:

Ipswich Town (1994–95)
Sunderland (2005–06)
Derby County (2007–08)[37]

Most home defeats in a season (19 games): 14, Sunderland (2002–03, 2005–06)[38]
Most away defeats in a season (19 games): 17, Burnley (2009–10)[39]
Most consecutive defeats over more than one season (38 games): 20, Sunderland (2002–03, 2005–06)[40]

text: Draws[edit]

text:
Most draws in total: 287, Everton[20]
Most draws in a season (42 games): 18 – joint record:

Manchester City (1993–94)[41]
Sheffield United (1993–94)[41]
Southampton (1994–95)[41]

Most draws in a season (38 games): 17 – joint record:

Newcastle United (2003–04)[41]
Aston Villa (2006–07, 2011–12)[41]
Sunderland (2014–15)[41]

Most home draws in a season: 10 – joint record:

Sheffield Wednesday (1996–97)[41]
Leicester City (1997–98, 2003–04)[41]
Manchester United (2016–17)[41]

Most away draws in a season: 10, Newcastle United (2003–04)[41]
Fewest draws in a season: 3, Chelsea (1997–98, 2016–17)[41]
Fewest home draws in a season: 0 – joint record:

Manchester City (2008–09)[41]
Manchester United (2012–13)[41]
Chelsea (2016–17)[41]

Fewest away draws in a season: 1 – joint record:

Bolton Wanderers (1995–96)[41]
Queens Park Rangers (1995–96, 2014–15)[41]
Barnsley (1997–98)[41]
Chelsea (1997–98)[41]
Bradford City (1999–2000)[41]
Everton (2000–01)[41]
Ipswich Town (2000–01)[41]
Portsmouth (2005–06, 2007–08)[41]
Burnley (2009–10)[41]
Liverpool (2011–12)[41]
Newcastle United (2013–14)[41]
Queens Park Rangers (2014–15)[41]

Most consecutive draws: 7 – joint record:

Norwich City (1993–94)[41]
Southampton (1994–95)[41]
Manchester City (2009–10)[41]

text: Goals[edit]

text:
Most goals scored in a season: 106, Manchester City (2017–18)[2]
Fewest goals scored in a season: 20, Derby County (2007–08)[42]
Most goals conceded in a season (42 games): 100, Swindon Town (1993–94)[43]
Most goals conceded in a season (38 games): 89, Derby County (2007–08)[44]
Fewest goals conceded in a season: 15, Chelsea (2004–05)[45]
Best goal difference in a season: 79, Manchester City (2017–18)[2]
Worst goal difference in a season: –69, Derby County (2007–08)[46]
Most goals scored in a season by a relegated team: 55, Blackpool (2010–11)[47]
Most goals scored at home in a season: 68, Chelsea (2009–10)[45]
Fewest goals scored at home in a season: 10, Manchester City (2006–07)[48]
Most goals conceded at home in a season (21 games): 45, Swindon Town (1993–94)[49]
Most goals conceded at home in a season (19 games): 43

Derby County (2007–08)[49]
Wolverhampton Wanderers (2011–12)[49]

Fewest goals conceded at home in a season (21 games or 19 games): 4, Manchester United (1994–95)[49]
Most goals scored away in a season: 48, Liverpool (2013–14)[49]
Fewest goals scored away in a season: 8

Middlesbrough (1995–96)[49]
Southampton (1998–99)[49]
Sheffield United (2006–07)[49]
Derby County (2007–08)[49]

Most goals conceded away in a season (21 games): 59, Ipswich Town (1994–95)[49]
Most goals conceded away in a season (19 games): 55, Wigan Athletic (2009–10)[49]
Fewest goals conceded away in a season: 9, Chelsea (2004–05)[49]
Fewest failures to score in a match in a season: 0 (scored in every game), Arsenal (2001–02)[50]
Most goals scored in total: 1,924, Manchester United[20]
Most goals conceded in total: 1,267, Tottenham Hotspur[20]

text: Attendances[edit]

text:
Highest attendance, single game: 83,222, Tottenham Hotspur 1–0 Arsenal (at Wembley Stadium, 10 February 2018)[51]
Lowest attendance, single game: 3,039, Wimbledon 1–3 Everton (at Selhurst Park, 26 January 1993)[52][53]
Highest season average attendance: 75,821 – Old Trafford, Manchester United (2006–07)[54]
Lowest season average attendance: 8,353 – Selhurst Park, Wimbledon (1992–93)[54]

text: Player records[edit]

text: Appearances[edit]

text:
Most Premier League appearances: 653, Gareth Barry (2 May 1998 to 24 February 2018)[55]
Oldest player: John Burridge, 43 years and 162 days (for Manchester City v. Queens Park Rangers, 14 May 1995)[56]
Youngest player: Matthew Briggs, 16 years and 65 days (for Fulham v. Middlesbrough, 13 May 2007)[57]
Most consecutive Premier League appearances: 310, Brad Friedel (14 August 2004 until 7 October 2012)[58]
Most seasons appeared in: 22, Ryan Giggs (every season from 1992–93 to 2013–14)[59]

text: Goals[edit]

text:
First Premier League goal: Brian Deane (for Sheffield United v. Manchester United, 15 August 1992)[60]
Most Premier League goals: 260, Alan Shearer[61]
Most Premier League goals at one club: 183, Wayne Rooney (Manchester United)[62]
Oldest goalscorer: 40 years and 268 days, Teddy Sheringham (for West Ham United v. Portsmouth, 26 December 2006)[63]
Youngest goalscorer: 16 years and 271 days, James Vaughan (for Everton v. Crystal Palace, 10 April 2005)[64]
Most consecutive Premier League matches scored in: 11, Jamie Vardy (for Leicester City, 29 August to 28 November 2015)[65]
Most seasons scored in: 21, Ryan Giggs (every season from 1992–93 to 2012–13)[66]

text:
Rank
Name
Goals
Games
Goals per game
Playing position
First goal
Last goal

1
 Alan Shearer
260
441
0.59
Forward
1992–93
2005–06

2
 Wayne Rooney
208
491
0.42
Forward
2002–03
2017–18

3
 Andy Cole
187
414
0.45
Forward
1993–94
2006–07

4
 Frank Lampard
177
609
0.29
Midfield
1997–98
2014–15

5
 Thierry Henry
175
258
0.68
Forward
1999–2000
2011–12

6
 Robbie Fowler
163
379
0.43
Forward
1993–94
2006–07

7
 Jermain Defoe
162
492
0.33
Forward
2001–02
2017–18

8
 Michael Owen
150
326
0.46
Forward
1996–97
2012–13

9
 Les Ferdinand
149
351
0.42
Forward
1992–93
2004–05

10
 Teddy Sheringham
146
418
0.35
Forward
1992–93
2006–07

text:
Most goals in a season (42 games): 34, joint record:[68]

Andy Cole (Newcastle United, 1993–94)
Alan Shearer (Blackburn Rovers, 1994–95)

text:
Most goals in a season (38 games): 32, Mohamed Salah (Liverpool, 2017–18)[69]
Most games scored in during a Premier League season: 24, Mohamed Salah (Liverpool, 2017–18)[70]
Most Premier League goals in a calendar year: 39, Harry Kane (Tottenham Hotspur, 2017)[71]
Number of teams scored against in a season: 17, joint record:

20-team league:[69]

Ian Wright (Arsenal, 1996–97)
Robin van Persie (Arsenal, 2011–12)
Mohamed Salah (Liverpool, 2017–18)

22-team league:[citation needed]

Andy Cole (Newcastle United, 1993–94)
Alan Shearer (Blackburn Rovers, 1994–95)

Most goals in a debut season: 30, Kevin Phillips (Sunderland, 1999–2000)[72]
Most Premier League hat-tricks in a season: 5, Alan Shearer (38 games) (Blackburn Rovers, 1995–96)[73]
Most Premier League hat-tricks: 11, Alan Shearer[74]
Most goals in a game: 5, joint record:[75]

Andy Cole (for Manchester United v. Ipswich Town, 4 March 1995) W 9–0
Alan Shearer (for Newcastle United v. Sheffield Wednesday, 19 September 1999) W 8–0
Jermain Defoe (for Tottenham Hotspur v. Wigan Athletic, 22 November 2009) W 9–1
Dimitar Berbatov (for Manchester United v. Blackburn Rovers, 27 November 2010) W 7–1
Sergio Agüero (for Manchester City v. Newcastle United, 3 October 2015) W 6–1

text:
Most goals in one half: 5, Jermain Defoe (for Tottenham Hotspur v. Wigan Athletic, 22 November 2009) W 9–1[76]
Fastest goal: 10 seconds, Ledley King (for Tottenham Hotspur v. Bradford City, 9 December 2000)[77]
Most goals scored by a substitute in a game: 4, Ole Gunnar Solskjær (for Manchester United v. Nottingham Forest, 6 February 1999)[78]
Most consecutive away league matches scored in: 9, Robin van Persie (for Arsenal, 1 January 2011 to 22 May 2011)[79]
Most consecutive seasons to score at least 30 goals: 3 (1993–1996), Alan Shearer (all for Blackburn Rovers)[80]
Most consecutive seasons to score at least 25 goals: 4 (1993–1997), Alan Shearer (1993–1996 for Blackburn Rovers, 1996–1997 for Newcastle United)[81]
Most consecutive seasons to score at least 20 goals: 5 (2001–2006), Thierry Henry (all for Arsenal)[81]
Most consecutive seasons to score at least 10 goals: 11 (2004–2015), Wayne Rooney (all for Manchester United)[82]
Most consecutive seasons to score at least 1 goal: 21 (1992–2013), Ryan Giggs (all for Manchester United)[66]
Fastest Premier League hat-trick: 2 minutes 56 seconds, Sadio Mané (for Southampton v. Aston Villa, 16 May 2015)[83]
Most different clubs to score for: 7, Craig Bellamy (for Coventry City, Newcastle United, Blackburn Rovers, Liverpool, West Ham United, Manchester City, Cardiff City)[84]
Most own goals: 10, Richard Dunne[85]
Most own goals in a season: 4, joint record:

Martin Škrtel (2013–14)[86]
Lewis Dunk (2017–18)[87]

Most hat-tricks against a single club: 3, Luis Suárez (for Liverpool v. Norwich City)[88]
Most goals in a calendar month: 10 (December 2013), Luis Suárez (Liverpool)[89]

text: Assists[edit]

text:
Most assists (career)

Rank
Player
Assists

1
 Ryan Giggs
162

2
 Cesc Fàbregas
111

3
 Wayne Rooney
103

4
 Frank Lampard
102

5
 Dennis Bergkamp
94

6
 Steven Gerrard
92

7
 David Beckham
80

8
 James Milner
78

9
 Teddy Sheringham
76

10
 David Silva
75

text:
Most Premier League assists in a season: 20, Thierry Henry (Arsenal, 2002–03)[91]
Most consecutive Premier League matches with an assist: 7, Mesut Özil (for Arsenal, 26 September to 21 November 2015)[92]
Most assists in a single Premier League match: 4, joint record:[93]

Dennis Bergkamp (for Arsenal v. Leicester City, 20 February 1999)
José Antonio Reyes (for Arsenal v. Middlesbrough, 14 January 2006)
Cesc Fàbregas (for Arsenal v. Blackburn Rovers, 4 October 2009)
Emmanuel Adebayor (for Tottenham Hotspur v. Newcastle United, 11 February 2012)
Santi Cazorla (for Arsenal v. Wigan Athletic, 14 May 2013)
Dušan Tadić (for Southampton v. Sunderland, 18 October 2014)[94]

text: Goalkeepers[edit]

text:
Most clean sheets (career)

Rank
Player
Clean
sheets

1
 Petr Čech
201

2
 David James
169

3
 Mark Schwarzer
151

4
 David Seaman
140

5
 Nigel Martyn
137

6
 Pepe Reina
134

7
 Edwin van der Sar
132

 Tim Howard

 Brad Friedel

10
 Peter Schmeichel
128

text:
Most clean sheets in one season: 24, Petr Čech (for Chelsea, 2004–05)[95]
Longest consecutive run without conceding a goal: 14 games (1,311 minutes), Edwin van der Sar (for Manchester United, 2008–09)[96]
Goalscoring goalkeepers (excluding own goals):

Peter Schmeichel (Everton 3–2 Aston Villa, 20 October 2001)[97]
Brad Friedel (Charlton Athletic 3–2 Blackburn Rovers, 21 February 2004)[98]
Paul Robinson (Tottenham Hotspur 3–1 Watford, 17 March 2007)[99]
Tim Howard (Everton 1–2 Bolton Wanderers, 4 January 2012)[100]
Asmir Begović (Stoke City 1–1 Southampton, 2 November 2013)[101]

text: Disciplinary[edit]

text:
Most red cards: 8, joint record:[55]

Duncan Ferguson
Patrick Vieira
Richard Dunne

Most yellow cards for a player: 103, Gareth Barry[67]
Most yellow cards for a single team in one game: 9 (Tottenham Hotspur v. Chelsea, 2 May 2016)[102]
Fouling record: 782, Kevin Davies (since 2000–01, the first season for which reliable records are available)[103]
Longest ban: 12 matches, Joey Barton. After being dismissed for violent conduct, Barton was found guilty of two further separate counts of violent conduct after his dismissal against Manchester City, 23 May 2012[104]

text: Youngest goalscorers[edit]

text: This is a list of the top 10 youngest players to score a goal in the Premier League.[105]

text:
Player
Date
Team
Age
Opposition

1
James Vaughan
10 April 2005
Everton
16 years, 270 days
Crystal Palace

2
James Milner
26 December 2002
Leeds United
16 years, 346 days
Sunderland

3
Wayne Rooney
19 October 2002
Everton
16 years, 351 days
Arsenal

4
Cesc Fàbregas
25 August 2004
Arsenal
17 years, 114 days
Blackburn Rovers

5
Michael Owen
6 May 1997
Liverpool
17 years, 144 days
Wimbledon

6
Andy Turner
5 September 1992
Tottenham
17 years, 166 days
Everton

7
Federico Macheda
5 April 2009
Manchester United
17 years, 226 days
Aston Villa

8
Raheem Sterling
20 October 2012
Liverpool
17 years, 317 days
Reading

9
Mikael Forssell
20 February 1999
Chelsea
17 years, 342 days
Nottingham Forest

10
Danny Cadamarteri
20 September 1997
Everton
17 years, 344 days
Barnsley

text: Match records[edit]

text: Scorelines[edit]

text:
Biggest home win: 9–0, Manchester United v. Ipswich Town (4 March 1995)[106]
Biggest away win: 1–8, Nottingham Forest v. Manchester United (6 February 1999)[106]
Biggest aggregate win: 12–1, joint record:

Blackburn Rovers 7–0 Nottingham Forest (18 November 1995) & Nottingham Forest 1–5 Blackburn Rovers (13 April 1996)
Tottenham Hotspur 9–1 Wigan Athletic (22 November 2009) & Wigan Athletic 0–3 Tottenham Hotspur (21 February 2010)

Biggest loss by reigning champions: 1–6, joint record:[107]

Manchester United 1–6 Manchester City (23 October 2011), after Manchester United won the 2010–11 season
Leicester City 1–6 Tottenham Hotspur (18 May 2017), after Leicester City won the 2015–16 season

Largest goal deficit overcome to win: 3

Leeds United 4–3 Derby County (8 November 1997)[108]
West Ham United 3–4 Wimbledon (9 September 1998)[109]
Tottenham Hotspur 3–5 Manchester United (29 September 2001)[110]
Wolverhampton Wanderers 4–3 Leicester City (25 October 2003)[111]

Largest goal deficit overcome to draw: 4, Newcastle United 4–4 Arsenal (5 February 2011)[112]
Highest scoring: 7–4, Portsmouth v. Reading (29 September 2007)[113]
Highest scoring draw: 5–5, West Bromwich Albion v. Manchester United (19 May 2013)[114]
Highest scoring in the first half: 7 goals, joint record:

Blackburn Rovers 3–4 Leeds United (14 September 1997 – final score; 3–4)[115]
Bradford City 4–3 Derby County (21 April 2000 – final score; 4–4)[116]
Reading 3–4 Manchester United (1 December 2012 – final score; 3–4)[117]

Most individual goal scorers in one game: 9, joint record:

Tottenham Hotspur 4–5 Arsenal (13 November 2004)[118]
Portsmouth 7–4 Reading (29 September 2007)[119]

Most individual goal scorers in one game for the same team: 7, joint record:

Chelsea 8–0 Aston Villa (23 December 2012)[120]
Manchester City 7–0 Norwich City (2 November 2013)[121]
Southampton 8–0 Sunderland (18 October 2014)[122]

text: All-time Premier League table[edit]

text: The all-time Premier League table is a cumulative record of all match results, points and goals of every team that has played in the Premier League since its inception in 1992. The table that follows is accurate as of the end of the 2017–18 season. Teams in bold are part of the 2018–19 Premier League. Numbers in bold are the record (highest either positive or negative) numbers in each column.[123]

text:
Pos.
Club
Seasons
Pld
Win
Draw
Loss
GF
GA
GD
Pts
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
Relegated
Avg
Pts
Best
Pos.

1
Manchester United
26
1000
629
215
156
1924
875
1049
2102
13
6
3
1

80.85
1

2
Arsenal
26
1000
544
253
203
1772
962
810
1885
3
6
5
7

72.50
1

3
Chelsea
26
1000
537
248
215
1707
963
744
1859
5
4
4
2

71.50
1

4
Liverpool
26
1000
499
255
246
1685
1024
661
1752

3
5
7

67.38
2

5
Tottenham Hotspur
26
1000
423
255
322
1480
1267
213
1524

1
2
2

58.62
2

6
Everton
26
1000
362
287
351
1303
1265
38
1373

1

52.81
4

7
Manchester City
21
810
359
194
257
1279
952
327
1271
3
2
2
1
2
60.52
1

8
Newcastle United
23
882
334
225
323
1207
1187
20
1227

2
2
1
2
53.35
2

9
Aston Villa
24
924
316
275
333
1117
1186
−69
1223

1

1
1
50.96
2

10
West Ham United
22
844
275
221
348
1012
1214
−202
1046

2
47.55
5

11
Blackburn Rovers
18
696
262
184
250
927
907
20
970
1
1

1
2
53.89
1

12
Southampton
19
734
229
202
303
892
1022
−130
889

1
46.79
6

13
Leeds United
12
468
189
125
154
641
573
68
692

1
2
1
57.67
3

14
Middlesbrough
15
574
165
169
240
648
794
−146
661[124]

4
44.01
7

15
Sunderland
16
608
153
159
296
612
904
−292
618

4
38.63
7

16
Fulham
13
494
150
136
208
570
697
−127
586

1
45.08
7

17
Bolton Wanderers
13
494
149
128
217
575
745
−170
575

3
44.23
6

18
Leicester City
12
460
142
129
189
572
670
−98
555
1

3
46.25
1

19
West Bromwich Albion
12
456
112
128
216
475
696
−221
464

4
38.67
8

20
Stoke City
10
380
116
109
155
398
525
−127
457

1
45.70
9

21
Coventry City
9
354
99
112
143
387
490
−103
409

1
45.40
11

22
Sheffield Wednesday
8
316
101
89
126
409
453
−44
392

1
49.00
7

23
Wimbledon
8
316
99
94
123
384
472
−88
391

1
48.88
6

24
Crystal Palace
9
350
97
89
164
374
511
−137
380

4
42.22
10

25
Charlton Athletic
8
304
93
82
129
342
442
−100
361

2
45.13
7

26
Norwich City
8
316
89
92
135
365
510
−145
359

1

4
44.88
3

27
Wigan Athletic
8
304
85
76
143
316
482
−166
331

1
41.38
10

28
Swansea City
7
266
82
66
118
306
383
−77
312

1
44.57
8

29
Queens Park Rangers
7
278
81
65
132
339
431
−92
308

3
44.00
5

30
Birmingham City
7
266
73
82
111
273
360
−87
301

3
43.00
9

31
Portsmouth
7
266
79
65
122
292
380
−88
293[125]

1
41.86
8

32
Derby County
7
266
68
70
128
271
420
−149
274

2
39.14
8

33
Nottingham Forest
5
198
60
59
79
229
287
−58
239

1

3
47.80
3

34
Ipswich Town
5
202
57
53
92
219
312
−93
224

2
44.80
5

35
Watford
5
190
45
43
102
188
318
−130
178

2
35.60
13

36
Hull City
5
190
41
48
101
181
323
−142
171

3
34.20
16

37
Burnley
4
152
40
37
75
145
229
−84
157

2
39.25
7

38
Wolverhampton Wanderers
4
152
32
40
80
156
281
−125
136

2
34.00
15

39
Sheffield United
3
122
32
36
54
128
168
−40
132

2
44.00
14

40
Bournemouth
3
114
34
30
50
145
195
−50
132

44.00
9

41
Reading
3
114
32
23
59
136
186
−50
119

2
39.67
8

42
Oldham Athletic
2
84
22
23
39
105
142
−37
89

1
44.50
19

43
Bradford City
2
76
14
20
42
68
138
−70
62

1
31.00
17

44
Brighton & Hove Albion
1
38
9
13
16
34
54
–20
40

40
15

45
Blackpool
1
38
10
9
19
55
78
−23
39

1
39.00
19

46
Huddersfield Town
1
38
9
10
19
28
58
–30
37

37
16

47
Barnsley
1
38
10
5
23
37
82
−45
35

1
35.00
19

48
Cardiff City
1
38
7
9
22
32
74
−42
30

1
30.00
20

49
Swindon Town
1
42
5
15
22
47
100
−53
30

1
30.00
22

text: League or status at 2018–19:

text:
2018–19 Premier League

2018–19 EFL Championship

2018–19 EFL League One

2018–19 EFL League Two

Defunct: by a 2007 agreement, neither Milton Keynes Dons nor AFC Wimbledon regards itself as custodian of Wimbledon F.C.'s statistics.[126][127]

text: Managers[edit]

text:
Most Premier League titles: 13, Sir Alex Ferguson (Manchester United) – 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2013
Most Premier League Manager of the Month awards: 27, Sir Alex Ferguson
Most consecutive Premier League Manager of the Month awards: 4, Pep Guardiola[128]
Most promotions to the Premier League: 4, Steve Bruce (Birmingham City in 2001–02 and 2006–07 and Hull City in 2012–13 and 2015–16)
Most relegations from the Premier League: 3, Dave Bassett (Sheffield United in 1993–94, Nottingham Forest in 1996–97, and Leicester City in 2001–02)[129]
Longest spell as manager: 21 years, 224 days, Arsène Wenger (Arsenal, 1 October 1996 to 13 May 2018)[130]
Shortest spell as manager (excluding caretakers): 41 days, Les Reed (Charlton Athletic, 14 November 2006 to 24 December 2006) (8 games)[131]


document_title: A Love to Last

question_text: real name of fort in a love to last

question_tokens: real name of fort in a love to last

text: A Love to Last

text: Plot[edit]

text: The story follows two different people, Andeng (Bea Alonzo), and Anton (Ian Veneracion), that will prove that two brokenhearts can make their love last or not.

text: Cast[edit]

text: Main cast[edit]

text:
Bea Alonzo as Andrea "Andeng" Agoncillo-Noble, the main female protagonist. Anton's wife and stepmother of Chloe, Lucas, and Kitty. She is about 25 years younger than Anton, but is matured beyond her years. Despite the age difference, she falls in love and marries Anton. She embraces her role as step mother of three children and supportive wife of a successful and ambitious man, whose first marriage failed because of his ambition. A career woman herself, she successfully balances her priorities, and brings much happiness into Anton's life and his family's. Her biggest challenge is Grace, her husband's ex wife, who is obsessed and determined to destroy their marriage, pushing Andrea's fears of infidelity and insecurities about her place in Anton's heart. This has caused friction in their marriage.
Ian Veneracion as Antonio "Anton" Noble IV. The main male protagonist. Grace's ex-husband who marries Andrea. Devastated after Grace left him and their children, he picked up the pieces of his family's broken hearts. To fill the vacuum left by Grace's departure, he became a hands on Dad, re stacked his priorities, and place his career and business second to his children's needs. Because of Anton's nurturing, the children adjusted to a happy single parent household. After their annulment, he became the country's most eligible bachelor, but no one captured his heart except Andrea. Despite various challenges from their individual families, their relationship prevailed and finally accepted by everyone, except his ex-wife. Anton is determined to protect his second marriage from Grace's manipulations and obsession to reclaim him. He's a kind hearted man, who finds it difficult to put her in her place, although he has tried to many times.
Iza Calzado as Grace Silverio, the main female antagonist. Anton's ex-wife and the mother of Chloe, Lucas, and Kitty who she abandoned three years ago. Grace is a spoiled heiress who felt she needed to be free from the domineering and controlling personality of her husband. In reality, she met someone in LA. Despite Anton's pleas to return to Manila, and the risk of losing custody of her children, she insisted on an annulment. She left behind a 15 year old, 13 year old and a 5 year old. Three years later, after two failed relationships, Andrea decided to return home to reclaim her husband and children. She realizes that she is still in love with him and tries everything to drive a wedge between Anton and Andrea and her children, in the hope that she can win him back. Her obsession becomes a major concern for her children.
Enchong Dee as Andrew Agoncillo, Andrea's para-triathlete half-brother who tries his best to fit in with Andrea's family. He works in Andrea's event management firm, and falls in love with their client, Bianca Silverio, Grace's niece and gets her pregnant. Despite the insults and objections hurled at Andrew by the wealthy Silverios, the young couple are determined to prove their love. Andrew depends on the emotional support from his family.
JK Labajo as Lucas S. Noble. Anton and Grace's only son who disliked Andrea in the beginning and dreamt of making his family complete again. He learns to respect and love Andrea, who made sure she and Anton would not get married until Lucas accepted their relationship. He is the child who was most sensitive to Andrea's feelings during the first months of their marriage, particularly when Grace tried to ruin it in many ways possible. He loved his mother but understood that Andrea completed his father's happiness. He wanted his mother to move on. He was also very disappointed and disillusioned with Grace after he learned she had a boyfriend after his parents' separation.
Hannah Lopez Vito as Katherine "Kitty" S. Noble. Anton and Grace's youngest child who is supportive of her father's relationship with Andrea. She genuinely loved Andrea as she would love her own mother. She showed this when she used a family portrait with Andrea as her "treasure" at a family camp activity. Kitty also loves her mother, but she has already accepted that her mother left her, for reasons she can't fully understand, and could very well leave her again. She is very affected by Andrea and Anton's quarrels caused by her mother's obsession. She asked her siblings to help her do something to fix it. She is terrified that Andrea would leave their home like their real mother did.
Julia Barretto as Chloe S. Noble. Anton and Grace's eldest child who filled the role of "mother-figure" to her siblings when Grace left them. She was in a relationship with Fort, but actually likes Tupe. She eventually chose Tupe, but Fort remained her best friend. Chloe's priority is to ensure her family remained intact and her father's happiness was more important than her own mother's. She was happy about Andrea's relationship with her father, and she was instrumental in Lucas' change of heart for Andrea. She struggled with her father's disciplinary actions regarding her relationship with Tupe. Andrea successful bridged this challenge. Chloe also saw through her mother's antics towards Andrea. She asked her mother to back off Andrea. Grace's obsession remains a big concern for the children, and Chloe has taken it upon herself to communicate their dismay at their mother. They loved and respected their mother, but they made it clear they valued more the importance of Andrea in their lives. They loved their stepmother very much and wanted to make sure their mother would not destroy the family they had built with her.
Ronnie Alonte as Christopher "Tupe" Dimayuga. Chloe's boyfriend. He is a brilliant scholar, who interned at Anton's company, and earned the respect of his colleagues and teachers. Unfortunately, his lack of maturity to handle first love and its responsibilities, has driven him into situations that made him lose his scholarship and employment. Chloe loves him deeply, tries hard to understand him, and struggles to preserve their relationship, even if she was forbidden by her father to embark into a boyfriend relationship with him. Unfortunately, their disobedience has caused various conflicts and heartaches for both. As Tupe drives the relationship towards a downward spiral because of his immature decisions, Chloe is understanding more now what it takes to keep a relationship. She is opening her eyes to the large maturity gap that exists in her relationship with Tupe.

text: Supporting cast[edit]

text:
Tirso Cruz III as Antonio "Tony" Noble III, Anton's father who became a renowned scientist from poor roots. He had little faith in his son's decisions and initially did not support Anton's relationship with Andrea. He changed his mind after Andrea won him over, and he saw how happy his son was.
Irma Adlawan as Virginia "Baby" Custodio-Agoncillo, Andrea's mother and Andrew's stepmother who is supportive in all of Andrea's decisions, especially with Anton. She dispenses very good advise to Andrea, always bringing her out of sadness when dealing with her marriage problems.
Perla Bautista as Carla "Mameng" Agoncillo, Andrea's grandmother and the matriarch of the Agoncillo family. In the beginning, she did not approve of Andrea's relationship with Anton, until he proved her wrong. Despite her initial misgivings and ongoing concerns over her granddaughter's issues in her marriage, she remains supportive of Andrea and Anton. She is equally supportive of Andrew and Bianca, despite their situation.
Bernard Palanca as Tom Gonzales, Anton's best friend who secretly likes Andrea's best friend, Tracy. He is supportive to Anton's relationship with Andrea. He is ready to ask Tracy to marry him.
Matet de Leon as Tracy Buenaventura, Andrea's best friend who likes Anton's best friend, Tom. She was with Andrea in Germany when they went to the CELBA conference. She is a bit too much in her support of Andrea, too nosy, but she means well.
Jameson Blake as Andres Bonifacio "Fort" Gonzales. Chloe's childhood best friend who pretends to be her boyfriend to help Chloe get the attention of Tupe. His parents suffer from a broken marriage and he relies on Chloe to be the person to talk to. He is in love with Chloe. He is much more mature than Tupe.
Justin Cuyugan as Gerry, Anton's lawyer friend.
Melanie Marquez as Miriam "Mimi" Stuart, Andrea's business partner in Good Events.
Arlene Muhlach as Noemi Agoncillo, Andrea's aunt (her late father's sister) who was against Andrea and Anton's relationship in their early stages of courtship.
Anna Marin as Cecilia Hernandez-Noble, Anton's loving mother and the grandmother to Chloe, Lucas, and Kitty. Unlike Tony, she fully trusts and supports Anton's relationship with Andrea. She's never seen Anton so happy.
Jenine Desiderio as Bettina "Betty" Agoncillo, Andrea's aunt (her late father's sister) who was the godmother at her wedding.
Denise Joaquin as Maggie Agoncillo, Andrea's cousin.
Khalil Ramos as Red Fernandez
Claire Ruiz as Gena, Tupe's ex-girlfriend who is jealous of Chloe, and a trouble maker.
Pamu Pamorada as Maxine, Andrea's friend who works with her in Good Events.
Prince Stefan as Oscar, Andrea's friend who works with her in Good Events.
Sam Thurman as Marcus, Andrea's friend who works with her in good events.
Kazel Kinouchi as Bianca Silverio, Grace's niece who is living with her due to business reasons. She falls in love with Andrew and ends up pregnant.
Patricia Ysmael as Astrid, Anton's loyal secretary.
Troy Montero as Michael, Grace's ex-boyfriend who is persistent in getting back together with her. He is whom the family is suspecting the reason why Grace left them. He confronted Lucas, introducing himself as Grace's boyfriend.
Carla Martinez as Dianne Silverio, Grace's mother and the maternal grandmother to Chloe, Lucas, and Kitty. She returns to the Philippines and helps Grace in her battle with Andrea and Anton because she thought Grace simoky wanted to get her children back. When she realized her daughter's real agenda, she tries to put a stop to Grace's plans.
Lilet as Amina Gonzales, Fort's mother who strives to keep her family together despite her husband's persistent affairs. She forgave her husband when he returned.
Michael Flores as Marlon Gonzales, Fort's father who left them for his mistress. He realized his error and returned to his original family,
Alvin Anson as Simon Sumulong
Cris Villanueva as Paul Silverio, Bianca's father who disapproves her daughter's relationship with Andrew. He is Grace's brother and equally selfish and greedy.
Lui Manansala as Yaya Diding, a long time retainer of the Silverio who served as nanny and major doma in Anton's house who keeps Grace updated with news on Anton and Andrea's relationship. She hates Andrea for Anton and thinks that she is only after his money. She tries to undermine Andrea until she overstepped her boundaries and was fired by Anton. She ended up returning to Grace.
Kim Molina as Anjanette, Andrea's friend who is directing Lucas's music video launch.
Minnie Aguilar as Lota
Kyra Custodio as Lucy
Ethyl Osorio as Francia
Trina "Hopia" Legaspi as Kath, Chloe's friend.
Josh Ivan Morales as Berto
Miguel Diokno as Santino Agoncillo, Andrea's nephew who is scared that Kitty might replace him as her baby.
Lance Lucido as Marty
Aaliyah Belmoro
Eric Nicolas as Gaston Dimayuga
Marc Santiago as Donald Dimayuga
Via Veloso as Susan
Richard Manabat as Boyet Agoncillo
Dwight Gaston as Jordan
Via Carillo as Morgana Agoncillo
Uajo Manarang as Vincent Agoncillo
Khalil Ramos as Red Fernandez
Jade Ecleo as Catherine Agoncillo
Marianne Guidiotti as Karen Noble
Erika Padilla as Melissa
Riva Quenery as Coleen
Luke Jickain as Mr. Salcedo
Krystal Mejes
Scott Tibayan as Fred, Anton's batchmate

text: Special participation[edit]

text:
Xian Lim as Sebastian "Totoy" Cruz, Andrea's childhood friend who is in love with her. He later gives way to Andrea and Anton's love knowing that it would make Andrea happy, and he went abroad as a seaman.
Daniel Matsunaga as Patrick Buendia, Andrea's client, who appears to be interested in Andrea.
Andrea Brillantes as young Andrea "Andeng" Agoncillo, the daughter of Baby and Reynaldo who believes that she does not need her father because he left them.
Pilar Pilapil as Mrs. Victoria Madrigal, a client of Andrea's company, Good Events, who introduced her to Anton.
Victor Silayan as Jerold Francisco, Andrea's former soon-to-be husband who she caught cheating on her with another woman.
TJ Trinidad as Ben
Toby Alejar as Reynaldo Agoncillo, Andrea and Andrew's father as well as Baby's husband who had an affair with another woman which caused him to leave them.
Bobby Andrews as Bobby Andrews, a fellow business associate of Anton.
Bea Rose Santiago as Herself
Wendy Cornejo as Himself

text: Episodes[edit]

text: Reception[edit]

text:
Kantar Media National TV Ratings
(8:45PM / 9:30PM / 9:15PM PST)

Pilot Episode
Finale Episode
Peak
Average

25.0%
000000002017-01-09-0000January 9, 2017 (8:45PM PST)[3]
TBD
27.8%
000000002017-01-12-0000January 12, 2017 (8:45PM PST)[4]
TBD

text: Production[edit]

text: Title change[edit]

text: The initial title for the series was The Second Wife. However, the Wife titles became redundant, and thus the title was later renamed by the management as A Love To Last.[5]

text: Timeslot change[edit]

text: On January 23, 2017, A Love To Last was moved to a later timeslot at 9:30pm to give way for My Dear Heart.


document_title: Cricket World Cup

question_text: who won the most world cup in cricket

question_tokens: who won the most world cup in cricket

text: Cricket World Cup

text: History[edit]

text: Before the first Cricket World Cup[edit]

text: The first international cricket match was played between Canada and the United States, on 24 and 25 September 1844.[2] However, the first credited Test match was played in 1877 between Australia and England, and the two teams competed regularly for The Ashes in subsequent years. South Africa was admitted to Test status in 1889.[3] Representative cricket teams were selected to tour each other, resulting in bilateral competition. Cricket was also included as an Olympic sport at the 1900 Paris Games, where Great Britain defeated France to win the gold medal.[4] This was the only appearance of cricket at the Summer Olympics.

text: The first multilateral competition at international level was the 1912 Triangular Tournament, a Test cricket tournament played in England between all three Test-playing nations at the time: England, Australia and South Africa. The event was not a success: the summer was exceptionally wet, making play difficult on damp uncovered pitches, and attendances were poor, attributed to a "surfeit of cricket".[5] Since then, international Test cricket has generally been organised as bilateral series: a multilateral Test tournament was not organised again until the triangular Asian Test Championship in 1999.[6]

text: The number of nations playing Test cricket increased gradually over time, with the addition of West Indies in 1928, New Zealand in 1930, India in 1932, and Pakistan in 1952. However, international cricket continued to be played as bilateral Test matches over three, four or five days.

text: In the early 1960s, English county cricket teams began playing a shortened version of cricket which only lasted for one day. Starting in 1962 with a four-team knockout competition known as the Midlands Knock-Out Cup,[7] and continuing with the inaugural Gillette Cup in 1963, one-day cricket grew in popularity in England. A national Sunday League was formed in 1969. The first One-Day International match was played on the fifth day of a rain-aborted Test match between England and Australia at Melbourne in 1971, to fill the time available and as compensation for the frustrated crowd. It was a forty over game with eight balls per over.[8]

text: In the late 1970s, Kerry Packer established the rival World Series Cricket (WSC) competition. It introduced many of the now commonplace features of One Day International cricket, including coloured uniforms, matches played at night under floodlights with a white ball and dark sight screens, and, for television broadcasts, multiple camera angles, effects microphones to capture sounds from the players on the pitch, and on-screen graphics. The first of the matches with coloured uniforms was the WSC Australians in wattle gold versus WSC West Indians in coral pink, played at VFL Park in Melbourne on 17 January 1979. The success and popularity of the domestic one-day competitions in England and other parts of the world, as well as the early One-Day Internationals, prompted the ICC to consider organising a Cricket World Cup.[9]

text: Prudential World Cups (1975–1983)[edit]

text: The inaugural Cricket World Cup was hosted in 1975 by England, the only nation able to put forward the resources to stage an event of such magnitude at the time. The 1975 tournament started on 7 June.[10] The first three events were held in England and officially known as the Prudential Cup after the sponsors Prudential plc. The matches consisted of 60 six-ball overs per team, played during the daytime in traditional form, with the players wearing cricket whites and using red cricket balls.[11]

text: Eight teams participated in the first tournament: Australia, England, India, New Zealand, Pakistan, and the West Indies (the six Test nations at the time), together with Sri Lanka and a composite team from East Africa.[12] One notable omission was South Africa, who were banned from international cricket due to apartheid. The tournament was won by the West Indies, who defeated Australia by 17 runs in the final at Lord's.[12]

text: The 1979 World Cup saw the introduction of the ICC Trophy competition to select non-Test playing teams for the World Cup,[13] with Sri Lanka and Canada qualifying.[14] The West Indies won a second consecutive World Cup tournament, defeating the hosts England by 92 runs in the final. At a meeting which followed the World Cup, the International Cricket Conference agreed to make the competition a quadrennial event.[14]

text: The 1983 event was hosted by England for a third consecutive time. By this stage, Sri Lanka had become a Test-playing nation, and Zimbabwe qualified through the ICC Trophy. A fielding circle was introduced, 30 yards (27 m) away from the stumps. Four fieldsmen needed to be inside it at all times.[15] The teams faced each other twice, before moving into the knock-outs. India, an outsider, quoted at 66–1 to win by bookmakers before the competition began, were crowned champions after upsetting the West Indies by 43 runs in the final.[9][16]

text: Different champions (1987–1996)[edit]

text: India and Pakistan jointly hosted the 1987 tournament, the first time that the competition was held outside England. The games were reduced from 60 to 50 overs per innings, the current standard, because of the shorter daylight hours in the Indian subcontinent compared with England's summer.[17] Australia won the championship by defeating England by 7 runs in the final, the closest margin in World Cup final history.[18][19]

text: The 1992 World Cup, held in Australia and New Zealand, introduced many changes to the game, such as coloured clothing, white balls, day/night matches, and a change to the fielding restriction rules. The South African cricket team participated in the event for the first time, following the fall of the apartheid regime and the end of the international sports boycott.[20] Pakistan overcame a dismal start in the tournament to eventually defeat England by 22 runs in the final and emerge as winners.[21]

text: The 1996 championship was held in the Indian subcontinent for a second time, with the inclusion of Sri Lanka as host for some of its group stage matches.[22] In the semi-final, Sri Lanka, heading towards a crushing victory over India at Eden Gardens after the hosts lost eight wickets while scoring 120 runs in pursuit of 252, were awarded victory by default after crowd unrest broke out in protest against the Indian performance.[23] Sri Lanka went on to win their maiden championship by defeating Australia by seven wickets in the final at Lahore.[24]

text: Australian treble (1999–2007)[edit]

text: In 1999 the event was hosted by England, with some matches also being held in Scotland, Ireland, Wales and the Netherlands.[25][26] Twelve teams contested the World Cup. Australia qualified for the semi-finals after reaching their target in their Super 6 match against South Africa off the final over of the match.[27] They then proceeded to the final with a tied match in the semi-final also against South Africa where a mix-up between South African batsmen Lance Klusener and Allan Donald saw Donald drop his bat and stranded mid-pitch to be run out. In the final, Australia dismissed Pakistan for 132 and then reached the target in less than 20 overs and with eight wickets in hand.[28]

text: South Africa, Zimbabwe and Kenya hosted the 2003 World Cup. The number of teams participating in the event increased from twelve to fourteen. Kenya's victories over Sri Lanka and Zimbabwe, among others – and a forfeit by the New Zealand team, which refused to play in Kenya because of security concerns – enabled Kenya to reach the semi-finals, the best result by an associate.[29] In the final, Australia made 359 runs for the loss of two wickets, the largest ever total in a final, defeating India by 125 runs.[30][31]

text: In 2007 the tournament was hosted by the West Indies and expanded to sixteen teams.[32] Following Pakistan's upset loss to World Cup debutants Ireland in the group stage, Pakistani coach Bob Woolmer was found dead in his hotel room.[33] Jamaican police had initially launched a murder investigation into Woolmer's death but later confirmed that he died of heart failure.[34] Australia defeated Sri Lanka in the final by 53 runs (D/L) in farcical light conditions, and extended their undefeated run in the World Cup to 29 matches and winning three straight championships.[35]

text: Hosts triumph (2011-2015)[edit]

text: India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh together hosted the 2011 Cricket World Cup. Pakistan were stripped of their hosting rights following the terrorist attack on the Sri Lankan cricket team in 2009, with the games originally scheduled for Pakistan redistributed to the other host countries.[36] The number of teams participating in the World Cup dropped down to fourteen.[37] Australia lost their final group stage match against Pakistan on 19 March 2011, ending an unbeaten streak of 35 World Cup matches, which had begun on 23 May 1999.[38] India won their second World Cup title by beating Sri Lanka by 6 wickets in the final in Mumbai, and became the first country to win the final on home soil.[37] MS Dhoni later became the first captain in history to win all the major ICC tournaments - World T20 in 2007, Champions Trophy in 2013 and this edition of the World Cup.

text: Australia and New Zealand jointly hosted the 2015 Cricket World Cup. The number of participants remained at fourteen. Ireland was the most successful Associate nation with a total of three wins in the tournament. New Zealand beat South Africa in a thrilling first semi-final to qualify for their maiden World Cup final. Australia defeated New Zealand by seven wickets in the final at Melbourne to lift the World Cup for the fifth time.[39]

text: Format[edit]

text: Qualification[edit]

text: The Test-playing nations qualify automatically for the World Cup main event while the other teams have to qualify through a series of preliminary qualifying tournaments. A new qualifying format was introduced for the 2015 Cricket World Cup. The top two teams of the 2011–13 ICC World Cricket League Championship qualify directly. The remaining six teams join the third and fourth-placed teams of 2011 ICC World Cricket League Division Two and the top two teams of the 2013 ICC World Cricket League Division Three in the World Cup Qualifier to decide the remaining two places.[40][41]

text: Qualifying tournaments were introduced for the second World Cup, where two of the eight places in the finals were awarded to the leading teams in the ICC Trophy.[13] The number of teams selected through the ICC Trophy had varied throughout the years. The World Cricket League (administered by the International Cricket Council) is the qualification system provided to allow the Associate and Affiliate members of the ICC more opportunities to qualify. The name "ICC Trophy" has been changed to "ICC World Cup Qualifier".[42]

text: Under the current qualifying process, the World Cricket League, all Associate and Affiliate members of the ICC are able to qualify for the World Cup. Associate and Affiliate members must play between two and five stages in the ICC World Cricket League to qualify for the World Cup finals, depending on the Division in which they start the qualifying process.

text: Process summary in chronological order (2011-2014):

text:
2011 ICC World Cricket League Division Two: 6 Teams – Top 2 were promoted to the 2011–13 ICC World Cricket League Championship. The third and fourth-placed teams qualified for the 2014 Cricket World Cup Qualifier. The fifth and sixth-placed teams were relegated to the Division Three for 2013.
2011–13 ICC World Cricket League Championship: 8 Teams – Top 2 automatically qualified for the 2015 Cricket World Cup. The remaining six teams qualified for the 2014 Cricket World Cup Qualifier.
2013 ICC World Cricket League Division Three: 6 Teams – Top 2 were qualified for the 2014 Cricket World Cup Qualifier. The fifth and sixth-placed teams were relegated to the Division Four for 2014.
2014 Cricket World Cup Qualifier: 10 Teams – Top 2 qualified for the 2015 Cricket World Cup and the 2015–17 ICC World Cricket League Championship. The third and fourth-placed teams qualified for the 2015–17 ICC World Cricket League Championship. The fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth-placed teams remained in the Division Two for 2015. The ninth and tenth-placed teams were relegated to the Division Three for 2014

text: Tournament[edit]

text: The format of the Cricket World Cup has changed greatly over the course of its history. Each of the first four tournaments was played by eight teams, divided into two groups of four.[43] The competition consisted of two stages, a group stage and a knock-out stage. The four teams in each group played each other in the round-robin group stage, with the top two teams in each group progressing to the semi-finals. The winners of the semi-finals played against each other in the final. With South Africa returning in the fifth tournament in 1992 as a result of the end of the apartheid boycott, nine teams played each other once in the group phase, and the top four teams progressed to the semi-finals.[44] The tournament was further expanded in 1996, with two groups of six teams.[45] The top four teams from each group progressed to quarter-finals and semi-finals.

text: A distinct format was used for the 1999 and 2003 World Cups. The teams were split into two pools, with the top three teams in each pool advancing to the Super 6.[46] The Super 6 teams played the three other teams that advanced from the other group. As they advanced, the teams carried their points forward from previous matches against other teams advancing alongside them, giving them an incentive to perform well in the group stages.[46] The top four teams from the Super 6 stage progressed to the semi-finals, with the winners playing in the final.

text: The format used in the 2007 World Cup involved 16 teams allocated into four groups of four.[47] Within each group, the teams played each other in a round-robin format. Teams earned points for wins and half-points for ties. The top two teams from each group moved forward to the Super 8 round. The Super 8 teams played the other six teams that progressed from the different groups. Teams earned points in the same way as the group stage, but carried their points forward from previous matches against the other teams who qualified from the same group to the Super 8 stage.[48] The top four teams from the Super 8 round advanced to the semi-finals, and the winners of the semi-finals played in the final.

text: The format used in the 2011 and 2015[49] World Cups featured two groups of seven teams, each playing in a round-robin format. The top four teams from each group proceeded to the knock out stage consisting of quarter-finals, semi-finals and ultimately the final.[50]

text: It is proposed that in 2019 World Cup, the number of teams participating will go down to 10 and all the teams will play against each other once in round robin format, before entering the knock-outs. this would be similar to the one used in 1992 World Cup.

text: Trophy[edit]

text: The ICC Cricket World Cup Trophy is presented to the winners of the World Cup. The current trophy was created for the 1999 championships, and was the first permanent prize in the tournament's history. Prior to this, different trophies were made for each World Cup.[51] The trophy was designed and produced in London by a team of craftsmen from Garrard & Co over a period of two months.

text: The current trophy is made from silver and gilt, and features a golden globe held up by three silver columns. The columns, shaped as stumps and bails, represent the three fundamental aspects of cricket: batting, bowling and fielding, while the globe characterises a cricket ball.[52] The seam is tilted to symbolize the axial tilt of the Earth. It stands 60 centimetres high and weighs approximately 11 kilograms. The names of the previous winners are engraved on the base of the trophy, with space for a total of twenty inscriptions. The ICC keeps the original trophy. A replica differing only in the inscriptions is permanently awarded to the winning team.[53]

text: Media coverage[edit]

text: The tournament is the world's third largest[54] with only the FIFA World Cup and the Summer Olympics exceeding it. The 2011 Cricket World Cup final was televised in over 200 countries to over 2.2 billion television viewers.[55][56][57] Television rights, mainly for the 2011 and 2015 World Cup, were sold for over US$1.1 billion,[58] and sponsorship rights were sold for a further US$500 million.[59] The 2003 Cricket World Cup matches were attended by 626,845 people,[60] while the 2007 Cricket World Cup sold more than 672,000 tickets.[61][62]

text: Successive World Cup tournaments have generated increasing media attention as One-Day International cricket has become more established. The 2003 World Cup in South Africa was the first to sport a mascot, Dazzler the zebra.[63] An orange mongoose known as Mello was the mascot for the 2007 Cricket World Cup.[64] Stumpy, a blue elephant was the mascot for the 2011 World Cup.[65]

text: On 13 February, the opening of the 2015 tournament was celebrated with a Google Doodle.[66]

text: Selection of hosts[edit]

text: The International Cricket Council's executive committee votes for the hosts of the tournament after examining the bids made by the nations keen to hold a Cricket World Cup.[67]

text: England hosted the first three competitions. The ICC decided that England should host the first tournament because it was ready to devote the resources required to organising the inaugural event.[10] India volunteered to host the third Cricket World Cup, but most ICC members preferred England as the longer period of daylight in England in June meant that a match could be completed in one day.[68] The 1987 Cricket World Cup was held in India and Pakistan, the first hosted outside England.[69]

text: Many of the tournaments have been jointly hosted by nations from the same geographical region, such as South Asia in 1987, 1996 and 2011, Australasia in 1992 and 2015, Southern Africa in 2003 and West Indies in 2007.

text: Tournament history[edit]

text:
Year
Host(s)
Final venue
Result

Winner
Margin
Runner-up

1975
Details
 England
London
 West Indies
291/8 (60 overs)
West Indies won by 17 runs
Scorecard
 Australia
274 all out (58.4 overs)

1979
Details
 England
London
 West Indies
286/9 (60 overs)
West Indies won by 92 runs
Scorecard
 England
194 all out (51 overs)

1983
Details
 England
London
 India
183 all out (54.4 overs)
India won by 43 runs
Scorecard
 West Indies
140 all out (52 overs)

1987
Details
 India
 Pakistan
Kolkata
 Australia
253/5 (50 overs)
Australia won by 7 runs
Scorecard
 England
246/8 (50 overs)

1992
Details
 Australia
 New Zealand
Melbourne
 Pakistan
249/6 (50 overs)
Pakistan won by 22 runs
Scorecard
 England
227 all out (49.2 overs)

1996
Details
 Pakistan
 India
 Sri Lanka
Lahore
 Sri Lanka
245/3 (46.2 overs)
Sri Lanka won by 7 wickets
Scorecard
 Australia
241/7 (50 overs)

1999
Details
 England
 Scotland
 Wales
 Ireland
 Netherlands[a]
London
 Australia
133/2 (20.1 overs)
Australia won by 8 wickets
Scorecard
 Pakistan
132 all out (39 overs)

2003
Details
 South Africa
 Zimbabwe
 Kenya [b]
Johannesburg
 Australia
359/2 (50 overs)
Australia won by 125 runs
Scorecard
 India
234 all out (39.2 overs)

2007
Details
 West Indies[c]
Bridgetown
 Australia
281/4 (38 overs)
Australia won by 53 runs (D/L)
Scorecard
 Sri Lanka
215/8 (36 overs)

2011
Details
 India
 Sri Lanka
 Bangladesh
Mumbai
 India
277/4 (48.2 overs)
India won by 6 wickets
Scorecard
 Sri Lanka
274/6 (50 overs)

2015
Details
 Australia
 New Zealand
Melbourne
 Australia
186/3 (33.1 overs)
Australia won by 7 wickets
Scorecard
 New Zealand
183 all out (45 overs)

2019
Details
 England
 Wales
London

2023
Details
 India
Kolkata

text:
Jump up ^ The England and Wales Cricket Board was the sole designated host, but matches were also played in Ireland, the Netherlands, and Scotland.
Jump up ^ Cricket South Africa and Zimbabwe were joint hosts, but matches were also played in Kenya.
Jump up ^ Eight member countries of the West Indies Cricket Board hosted matches – Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and Trinidad and Tobago.

text: Results[edit]

text: Twenty nations have qualified for the Cricket World Cup at least once (excluding qualification tournaments). Seven teams have competed in every finals tournament, five of which have won the title.[9] The West Indies won the first two tournaments, Australia has won five, India has won two, while Pakistan and Sri Lanka have each won once. The West Indies (1975 and 1979) and Australia (1999, 2003 and 2007) are the only nations to have won consecutive titles.[9] Australia has played in seven of the eleven final matches (1975, 1987, 1996, 1999, 2003, 2007, 2015). England has yet to win the World Cup, but has been runners-up three times (1979, 1987, 1992). The best result by a non-Test playing nation is the semi-final appearance by Kenya in the 2003 tournament; while the best result by a non-Test playing team on their debut is the Super 8 (second round) by Ireland in 2007.[9]

text: Sri Lanka as a co-host of the 1996 Cricket World Cup was the first host to win the tournament though the final was held in Pakistan.[9] India won in 2011 as host and was the first team to win in a final played in their own country.[70] Australia repeated the feat in 2015.[39] England is the only other host to have made the final, in 1979. Other countries which have achieved or equalled their best World Cup results while co-hosting the tournament are New Zealand as finalists in 2015; Zimbabwe who reached the Super Six in 2003; and Kenya as semi-finalists in 2003.[9] In 1987, co-hosts India and Pakistan both reached the semi-finals, but were eliminated by Australia and England respectively.[9] Australia in 1992, England in 1999, South Africa in 2003, and Bangladesh in 2011 have been the host teams that were eliminated in the first round.

text: Teams' performances[edit]

text: An overview of the teams' performances in every World Cup:

text:
Team \ Host
1975
(8)
1979
(8)
1983
(8)
1987
(8)
1992
(9)
1996
(12)
1999
(12)
2003
(14)
2007
(16)
2011
(14)
2015
(14)
2019
(10)
2023

 Afghanistan

GP

 Australia
2nd
GP
GP
1st
GP
2nd
1st
1st
1st
QF
1st
Q

 Bangladesh

GP
GP
S8
GP
QF
Q

 Bermuda

GP

 Canada

GP

GP
GP
GP

 East Africa†
GP

 England
SF
2nd
SF
2nd
2nd
QF
GP
GP
S8
QF
GP
Q

 India
GP
GP
1st
SF
GP
SF
S6
2nd
GP
1st
SF
Q
Q

 Ireland

S8
GP
GP

 Kenya

GP
GP
SF
GP
GP

 Namibia

GP

 Netherlands

GP

GP
GP
GP

 New Zealand
SF
SF
GP
GP
SF
QF
SF
S6
SF
SF
2nd
Q

 Pakistan
GP
SF
SF
SF
1st
QF
2nd
GP
GP
SF
QF
Q

 Scotland

GP

GP

GP

 South Africa

SF
QF
SF
GP
SF
QF
SF
Q

 Sri Lanka
GP
GP
GP
GP
GP
1st
GP
SF
2nd
2nd
QF
Q

 United Arab Emirates

GP

GP

 West Indies
1st
1st
2nd
GP
GP
SF
GP
GP
S8
QF
QF

 Zimbabwe

GP
GP
GP
GP
S6
S6
GP
GP
GP

text: †No longer exists.

text: Before the 1992 World Cup, South Africa was banned due to apartheid.

text: The number of wins followed by Run-rate is the criteria for determining the rankings till the 1987 World Cup.

text: The number of points followed by, head to head performance and then net run-rate is the criteria for determining the rankings for the World Cups from 1992 onwards.

text: Legend

text:
1st – Winner
2nd – Runner up
SF – Semi-finals
S6 – Super Six (1999–2003)
S8 – Super Eight (2007)
QF – Quarter-finals (1996, 2011–2015)
GP – Group – First round

text: Debutant teams[edit]

text:
Year
Teams

1975
 Australia, East Africa†,  England,  India,  New Zealand,  Pakistan,  Sri Lanka,  West Indies

1979
 Canada

1983
 Zimbabwe

1987
none

1992
 South Africa

1996
 Kenya,  Netherlands,  United Arab Emirates

1999
 Bangladesh,  Scotland

2003
 Namibia

2007
 Bermuda,  Ireland

2011
none

2015
 Afghanistan

text: †No longer exists.

text: Overview[edit]

text: The table below provides an overview of the performances of teams over past World Cups, as of the end of group stage of the 2015 tournament. Teams are sorted by best performance, then by appearances, total number of wins, total number of games, and alphabetical order respectively.

text:
Appearances

Statistics

Team
Total
First
Latest
Best result
Mat.
Won
Lost
Tie
NR
Win%*

 Australia
11
1975
2015
1.1 !Champions (1987, 1999, 2003, 2007, 2015)
84
62
20
1
1
75.30

 India
11
1975
2015
1.3 !Champions (1983, 2011)
75
46
27
1
1
62.83

 West Indies
11
1975
2015
1.3 !Champions (1975, 1979)
71
41
29
0
1
58.57

 Sri Lanka
11
1975
2015
1.5 !Champions (1996)
73
35
35
1
2
50.00

 Pakistan
11
1975
2015
1.5 !Champions (1992)
71
40
29
0
2
57.97

 England
11
1975
2015
2.3 !Runners-up (1979, 1987, 1992)
72
41
29
1
1
58.45

 New Zealand
11
1975
2015
2.5 !Runners-up (2015)
79
48
30
0
1
61.53

 South Africa
7
1992
2015
3.2 !Semi-finals (1992, 1999, 2007, 2015)
55
35
18
2
0
65.45

 Kenya
5
1996
2011
3.5 !Semi-finals (2003)
29
6
22
0
1
21.42

 Zimbabwe
9
1983
2015
5.4 !Super 6 (1999, 2003)
57
11
42
1
3
21.29

 Bangladesh
5
1999
2015
7.4 !Quarter-finals (2015), Super 8 (2007)
32
11
20
0
1
35.48

 Ireland
3
2007
2015
7.5 !Super 8 (2007)
21
7
13
1
0
35.71

 Netherlands
4
1996
2011
9.2 !Group Stage (1996, 2003, 2007, 2011)
20
2
18
0
0
10.00

 Canada
4
1979
2011
9.2 !Group Stage (1979, 2003, 2007, 2011)
18
2
16
0
0
11.11

 Scotland
3
1999
2015
9.3 !Group Stage (1999, 2007, 2015)
14
0
14
0
0
0.00

 United Arab Emirates
2
1996
2015
9.4 !Group Stage (1996, 2015)
11
1
10
0
0
9.09

 Afghanistan
1
2015
2015
9.5 !Group Stage (2015)
6
1
5
0
0
16.66

 Namibia
1
2003
2003
9.5 !Group Stage (2003)
6
0
6
0
0
0.00

 Bermuda
1
2007
2007
9.5 !Group Stage (2007)
3
0
3
0
0
0.00

 East Africa†
1
1975
1975
9.5 !Group Stage (1975)
3
0
3
0
0
0.00

Last Updated: 29 March 2015
Source: Cricinfo[71]

text: The Win percentage excludes no results and counts ties as half a win.

text: †No longer exists.

text: Awards[edit]

text: Man of the tournament[edit]

text: Since 1992, one player has been declared as "Man of the Tournament" at the end of the World Cup finals:[72]

text:
Year
Player
Performance details

1992
 Martin Crowe
456 runs

1996
 Sanath Jayasuriya
221 runs and 7 wickets

1999
 Lance Klusener
281 runs and 17 wickets

2003
 Sachin Tendulkar
673 runs and 2 wickets

2007
 Glenn McGrath
26 wickets

2011
 Yuvraj Singh
362 runs and 15 wickets

2015
 Mitchell Starc
22 wickets

text: Man of the Match in the Final[edit]

text: There were no Man of the Tournament awards before 1992 but Man of the Match awards have always been given for individual matches. Winning the Man of the Match in the final is logically noteworthy, as this indicates the player deemed to have played the biggest part in the World Cup final. To date the award has always gone to a member of the winning side. The Man of the Match award in the final of the competition has been awarded to:[72]

text:
Year
Player
Performance details

1975
 Clive Lloyd
102 runs

1979
 Viv Richards
138*

1983
 Mohinder Amarnath
3/12 and 26

1987
 David Boon
75 runs

1992
 Wasim Akram
33 and 3/49

1996
 Aravinda de Silva
107* and 3/42

1999
 Shane Warne
4/33

2003
 Ricky Ponting
140*

2007
 Adam Gilchrist
149

2011
 Mahendra Singh Dhoni
91*

2015
 James Faulkner
3/36

text: Tournament records[edit]

text:
World Cup records[73]

Batting

Most runs
 Sachin Tendulkar
2,278 (1992–2011)

Highest average (min. 20 inns.) [74]
 AB de Villiers
63.52 (2007–2015)

Highest score
 Martin Guptill v West Indies
237* (2015)

Highest partnership
 Chris Gayle & Marlon Samuels
(2nd wicket) v Zimbabwe
372 (2015)

Most runs in a tournament
 Sachin Tendulkar
673 (2003)

Most hundreds
 Sachin Tendulkar
6 (1992–2011)

Bowling

Most wickets
 Glenn McGrath
71 (1996–2007)

Lowest average (min. 1000 balls bowled)
 Glenn McGrath
18.19 (1996–2007)

Best strike rate (min. 1000 balls bowled)
 Lasith Malinga
23.8 (2007–2015)

Best economy rate (min. 1000 balls bowled)
 Andy Roberts
3.24 (1975–1983)

Best bowling figures
 Glenn McGrath v Namibia
7/15 (2003)

Most wickets in a tournament
 Glenn McGrath
26 (2007)

Fielding

Most dismissals (wicket-keeper)
 Kumar Sangakkara
54 (2003–2015)

Most catches (fielder)
 Ricky Ponting
28 (1996–2011)

Team

Highest score
 Australia v Afghanistan
417/6 (2015)

Lowest score
 Canada v Sri Lanka
36 (2003)

Highest win % [75]
 Australia
74% (Played 84, Won 62)

Most consecutive wins [76]
 Australia
27 (20 Jun 1999–19 Mar 2011, one N/R excluded)

Most consecutive tournament wins
 Australia
3 (1999–2007)


document_title: Sur La Table

question_text: what does sur la table mean in english

question_tokens: what does sur la table mean in english

text: Sur La Table

text: This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

text:
Sur La Table
Type
PrivateIndustry
RetailFounded
1972Headquarters
Seattle, Washington, USANumber of locations
121Products
Cookware, bakeware, cutlery, small electrics, cooks tools and housewares.Owner
InvestcorpWebsite
http://www.surlatable.com/

text: Sur La Table, Inc. is a privately held retail company based in Seattle, Washington, that sells kitchenware products, including cookware, cutlery, cooks' tools, small electrics, tabletop and linens, bakeware, glassware and bar, housewares, food and outdoor. As of June 2015, Sur La Table sells products in over 100 stores in 30 states across the country and the District of Columbia, as well as through their website and catalogs. Cooking classes are available in 82 stores.[1] The company launched a new website and gift registry program in January 2011. Started in 2014, Sur La Table has a blog, A Sharp Knife & Salt, that focuses on food, chefs, restaurants and products.[2] Sur La Table plans to include a kitchen into every new store that they open.[citation needed]

text: In French, sur la table means on the table. French pronunciation: [syʁ la tabl][3]

text: History[edit]

text: Shirley Collins founded Sur La Table in 1972, opening a single retail location in Seattle's Pike Place Market. In 1995, Collins sold the company.

text: Sur La Table is currently owned by Bahrain-based Investcorp.[4]  Sur La Table's Corporate headquarters are located in Seattle's Georgetown neighborhood. Jack Schwefel, who was the company's chief executive officer until he was removed by Investcorp in September 2014, advocated an expansion policy of opening new stores in lifestyle centers, malls, and on city streets, "with a mix of upscale national brands and creative local merchants, anchored by an upscale or organic-themed grocery store that encourages frequent trips."[5]

text: As of 2005, it is the second-largest specialty cookware retailer in the US, after Williams-Sonoma, Inc.[5]

text: Many of the stores offer cooking classes,[6] which serve the dual purpose of teaching kitchen techniques and promoting the sale of Sur La Table's inventory.


document_title: Afghan Independence Day

question_text: when did afghanistan gain independence from great britain

text: Afghan Independence Day

text:
Afghan Victory Day

د افغانستان د ملاتړ ورځ
Da Afġānistān da Mlatar Wraź  (Pashto)

روز پیروزی افغانستان
Roz-e Peroz-e Afġānestān  (Dari)

President Hamid Karzai observing the honor guard of the Afghan Armed Forces during the 2011 Afghan Independence Day in Kabul.

Observed by
Afghanistan

Significance
Marks Afghanistan's regaining of full independence from British influence in 1919.

Date
19 August

Next time
19 August 2018 (2018-08-19)

Frequency
annual

text: Afghan Independence Day is celebrated in Afghanistan on 19 August to commemorate the Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919[1] and relinquishment from protected state status.[2] The treaty granted a complete neutral relation between Afghanistan and Britain. Afghanistan became a British protectorate after they made negotiations in the Second Anglo-Afghan War although Afghanistan had planned not to follow this protectorate in that time.

text: The First Anglo-Afghan War (1839–1842) led to the British force taking and occupying Kabul. After this, due to strategic errors by Elphinstone, the entire British-led Indian invasion force was defeated by Afghan forces under Akbar Khan somewhere at the Kabul-Jalalabad Road, near the city of Jalalabad.[3] After this defeat, the British-led forces returned to Afghanistan on a special mission to rescue their prisoners of war (POWs) and afterward withdrew until coming back in order to commence the Second Anglo-Afghan War.

text: The Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878–80) first led to the British defeat followed by their victory at the Battle of Kandahar, which led to Abdur Rahman Khan becoming the new emir and the start of friendly British-Afghan relations. The British were told they would be given control of Afghanistan's foreign affairs (Afghanistan didn’t let them have that control even when the deal was made) in exchange for protection against the Russians and Persians, large sums of money and complete withdrawal of British forces from Afghanistan. The Third Anglo-Afghan War in 1919 led the British to give up control of Afghanistan's foreign affairs finally in 1921.